RNA-seq analysis of human trabecular endothelial cells after treatment with timolol maleate.

Purpose: Timolol maleate (timolol), a β-receptor blocker, reduces intraocular pressure by decreasing aqueous humor production. Timolol reportedly also protects ganglion cells, decreases aqueous humor outflow facility, and destroys the extracellular matrix in the trabecular meshwork. In this study, we investigated the effects of timolol on cultured human trabecular endothelial cells purchased from ScienCell using next-generation sequencing.

Electroretinographic Assessments of Macular Function after Brilliant Blue G Staining for Inner Limiting Membrane Peeling.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brilliant blue G (BBG) staining of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) on macular function. Method: Fourteen eyes of 14 patients consisting of 9 men and 5 women who underwent vitreous surgery with ILM peeling were studied. The mean age of the patients was 68.

Intraocular Temperature Distribution in Eyes Undergoing Different Types of Surgical Procedures during Vitreous Surgery.

Vitreous temperature has been reported to vary during intraocular surgery. We measured the temperature at three intraocular sites, just posterior to the crystalline lens (BL), mid-vitreous (MV), and just anterior to the optic disc (OD), and investigated temperature changes before and after different types of surgical procedures in 78 eyes. The mean temperature at the beginning was 30.

Intraocular Temperature at Different Sites in Eye Measured at the Beginning of Vitreous Surgery.

The temperature of the vitreous has been reported to vary during cataract and vitreous surgery. We measured intraocular temperature at four intraocular sites; the anterior chamber (AC), just behind the crystalline lens, mid-vitreous, and just anterior to the optic disc (OD) at the beginning of vitrectomy with a thermoprobe in 48 eyes. The temperatures were compared in three groups; eyes that underwent vitrectomy for the first time (Group V, = 30), eyes that had previous vitrectomy and the vitreous cavity had been filled with balanced salt solution (BSS; Group A, = 12), and eyes that had previous vitrectomy and the vitreous cavity was filled with silicone oil (Group S, = 6).

Effect of Paracentesis on Retinal Function Associated With Changes in Intraocular Pressure Caused by Intravitreal Injections.

Purpose: Intravitreal injections of antivascular endothelial growth factor agents are widely performed, and subsequent intraocular pressure increase may cause retinal nerve fiber damage. This study aimed to determine the effects of paracentesis before intravitreal injection of an antivascular endothelial growth factor on electroretinograms.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study in a university hospital.

Heads-Up 3D Surgery under Low Light Intensity Conditions: New High-Sensitivity HD Camera for Ophthalmological Microscopes.

Purpose: To determine the feasibility of performing intraocular surgeries in a heads-up position with low illuminance conditions by observing a display of the surgical field created by a three-dimensional imaging (3D) system.

Methods: Seventy-four eyes of 56 patients underwent cataract surgery (72 eyes) with the heads-up 3D surgery system; 60 eyes with cataract surgery alone, 7 eyes with combined cataract and glaucoma microdevice implant surgery, 5 eyes with combined cataract and vitrectomy surgery, and two eyes with vitrectomy surgery alone were studied. The illuminance from the surgical microscope was set to be dimmer (Leica M822F40 main light 2%; otto-flex 6%) than the usual setting to minimize the discomfort and glare for the patient.

Retinal function determined by flicker ERGs before and soon after intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF agents.

Background: To evaluate the retinal function before and soon after an intravitreal injection of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents.

Methods: Seventy-nine eyes of 79 patients that were treated by an intravitreal injection of an anti-VEGF agent for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), or retinal vein occlusion (RVO) with macular edema (ME) were studied. The RETeval® system was used to record 28 Hz flicker electroretinograms (ERGs) from the injected and non-injected eyes before (Phase 1, P1), within 2 h after the injection (P2), and 2 to 24 h after the injection (P3).

Electroretinograms before and after extraction of large intraocular iron foreign body.

Purpose: We present our findings in a case with an intraocular foreign body in which the electroretinographic (ERG) findings were useful.

Observations: A 37-year-old man was injured by an iron fragment that penetrated into his left eye through the cornea. His visual acuity was counting fingers, and a traumatic cataract prevented an examination of the fundus.

Electroretinograms recorded with skin electrodes in silicone oil-filled eyes.

Purpose: To assess the physiology of the retina by electroretinography (ERG) with skin electrodes in eyes that had undergone vitrectomy with silicone oil (SO) tamponade.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Method: ERGs were recorded from eleven eyes with complex vitreoretinal disorders and from the normal fellow eyes.

Intraoperative electrophysiological evaluations of macular function during peripheral scleral indentation.

Scleral indentation is widely used to examine the peripheral fundus, however it can increase the intraocular pressure (IOP) to high levels which can then affect retinal function. We evaluated the effects of scleral indentation on the macular function electrophysiologically. Intraoperative focal macular electroretinograms (iFMERGs) were recorded with and without controlling the IOP in 7 eyes.

Electroretinographic evaluations of retinal function before, just after, and after intravitreal injections.

Intravitreal injections (IVI) have become a part of daily practice for a growing number of procedures. We evaluated the retinal function by recording intraoperative photopic electroretinograms (ERGs) before an injection (T1), just after the injection (T2), and after the aspiration of the anterior chamber fluid (T3) of 19 eyes of 19 patients (mean age 70.6 years; men = 11) who received an IVI of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor.

Intraoperative Electroretinograms before and after Core Vitrectomy.

Purpose: To evaluate retinal function by intraoperative electroretinograms (ERGs) before and after core vitrectomy.

Design: Retrospective consecutive case series.

Method: Full-field photopic ERGs were recorded prior to the beginning and just after core vitrectomy using a sterilized contact lens electrode in 20 eyes that underwent non-complicated vitreous surgery.

Assessment of Macular Function during Vitrectomy: New Approach Using Intraoperative Focal Macular Electroretinograms.

Purpose: To describe a new technique to record focal macular electroretinograms (FMERGs) during vitrectomy to assess macular function.

Methods: Intraoperative FMERGs (iFMERGs) were recorded in ten patients (10 eyes) who undergo vitrectomy. iFMERGs were elicited by focal macular stimulation.

Recovery of photoreceptor inner and outer segment layer thickness after reattachment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Aims: To evaluate the recovery of retinal function and the thicknesses of the photoreceptor inner (IS) and outer segment (OS) layers after a reattachment of a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: 49 eyes of 49 patients (mean age, 57.4±10.

Pattern visual evoked potentials elicited by organic electroluminescence screen.

Purpose: To determine whether organic electroluminescence (OLED) screens can be used as visual stimulators to elicit pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (p-VEPs).

Method: Checkerboard patterns were generated on a conventional cathode-ray tube (S710, Compaq Computer Co., USA) screen and on an OLED (17 inches, 320 × 230 mm, PVM-1741, Sony, Tokyo, Japan) screen.

Binocular interaction of visually evoked cortical potentials elicited by dichoptic binocular stimulation.

To analyze the interaction of cortical potentials elicited by dichoptic stimulation of the dominant and fellow eyes at different frequencies, a pair of programmed power supply units were used to drive a light emitting diode (LED) mounted in the right and left eyes of light-proof goggles to elicit the visually evoked cortical responses (VECPs). The right eye was stimulated at 11.5 Hz and the left eye at 11.

What monitor can replace the cathode-ray tube for visual stimulation to elicit multifocal electroretinograms?

To compare a conventional cathode-ray tube (CRT) screen to organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and liquid crystal display (LCD) screens as visual stimulators to elicit multifocal electroretinograms (mfERGs), mfERGs were recorded from seven eyes of seven healthy volunteers (21 ± 2 years). The mfERGs elicited by a conventional CRT screen (S710, Compaq Computer Co.) were compared to those elicited by a studio-grade master OLED monitor (PVM-1741, Sony, Japan) and a conventional LCD (S1721, Flexscan, Eizo Nanao Corp.

Pars plana vitrectomy combined with focal endolaser photocoagulation for idiopathic macular telangiectasia.

Background. To report the outcome of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with intraoperative endolaser focal photocoagulation (PC) on eyes with idiopathic macular telangiectasis (MacTel) type 1. Methods.

Effect of intraocular lens diameter implanted in enucleated porcine eye on intraocular pressure induced by scleral depression.

The effect of the diameter of an intraocular lens (IOL) implanted in enucleated porcine eyes on the intraocular pressure induced by scleral depression was investigated. Two IOLs of 6 mm and 7 mm optic diameter were implanted. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored during scleral depression by a transducer placed in the midvitreous through a sclerotomy at 6 o'clock.

Quantitative evaluation of regular and irregular corneal astigmatism in patients having overnight orthokeratology.

Purpose: To quantitatively assess changes in regular and irregular corneal astigmatism in patients having overnight orthokeratology.

Setting: Matsumoto Eye Clinic, Ibaraki, Japan.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted of 64 eyes of 39 patients having overnight orthokeratology for myopia.