[Gender-dependent differences in glutathione (GSH) metabolism in very preterm infants].

Background: Gender differences in mortality and morbidity are often reported in very preterm infants. In studies aiming to understand the underlying mechanisms, better protection against oxidative stress in baby girls has been suggested.

Objectives: Shortly after birth, we compared glutathione (GSH) metabolism in female and male preterm infants and its relationship with prenatal and postnatal parameters.

[Obstetrical care in gestational diabetes and management of preterm labor].

Objectives: Search for data necessary to elaborate recommendations for obstetrical care in gestational diabetes and management of preterm labor.

Methods: Systematic review of the literature and levels of evidence.

Results: In case of gestational diabetes and in the absence of disease or other risk factor associated, there is no evidence to support a systematic rate of clinical follow up different from other pregnancy.

Obstetrical care in gestational diabetes and management of preterm labour.

Aim: To investigate data enabling the development of guidelines for obstetrical monitoring and management of the threat of preterm labour in gestational diabetes.

Methodology: Systematic literature review.

Results: With gestational diabetes and the absence of other disorders or associated risk factors, there is no argument justifying a systematic clinical monitoring schedule different from other pregnancies.

Efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin in uncomplicated pelvic inflammatory disease: the MONALISA study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin versus levofloxacin plus metronidazole in uncomplicated pelvic inflammatory disease (uPID) in Asia.

Design: Prospective, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study.

Setting: Multicentre, multinational study in the inpatient and/or outpatient setting.

[Voluntary abortion cost in France and prospective payment system: to raise the issue of so many misstatements].

Objectives: Despite the implementation of prospective payment approach in France, induced legal abortion are still paid by capitation. Our aim was to evaluate the real cost of induced abortion in a public hospital in France.

Materials And Methods: This study took place during the year 2008 in a public health hospital.

Methaemoglobinaemia risk factors with inhaled nitric oxide therapy in newborn infants.

Background: Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), commonly used for hypoxic neonates, may react with haemoglobin to form methaemoglobin (MetHb). MetHb monitoring during iNO therapy has been questioned since low doses of iNO are used.

Aim: To evaluate the incidence of and identify risk factors associated with elevated MetHb in neonates treated with iNO.

The renal adverse effects of ibuprofen are not mediated by AQP2 water channels.

The aim of this study was to determine (1) whether ibuprofen treatment in very preterm infants causes an increase in the renal water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2) activity in the collecting duct via prostaglandin synthesis inhibition and (2) whether AQP2 activity remains disturbed long after ibuprofen treatment has ended. This was a prospective study involving premature infants with a gestation age of 27-31 weeks who received treatment between December 2005 and August 2006 in a tertiary Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Each ibuprofen-treated infant was matched to two controls.

Primary ovarian neuroblastoma.

Background: The diagnosis of neuroblastoma is rare after the age of 15 years, and anatomical locations are essentially the adrenal glands and paraspinal sites. Neuroblastomas in adolescents are most often metastatic and carry a very poor prognosis.

Case Report: We report the case of a 17-year-old young woman in whom the diagnosis of primary ovarian neuroblastoma associated with a mature teratoma was established.

EEG at 6 weeks of life in very premature neonates.

Objective: To analyze EEG findings, especially chronic-stage EEG abnormalities, i.e., dysmature and disorganized patterns, during the late neonatal period in very premature infants without severe early cranial ultrasound and/or EEG abnormalities.

[What blood tests to predict severe hyperbilirubinemia in early maternity discharge?].

Objectives: To evaluate the efficiency of blood tests (blood group, direct antiglobulin test) to assess severe hyperbilirubinemia in full-term newborns, delivered from mothers with rhesus negative or O group and to determine clinical and biological factors that may improve the prediction characteristics of this blood test.

Patients And Methods: We included all the full-term newborns, delivered from mothers with rhesus negative or O group, in a tertiary maternity ward, in 2005, from January6th to December31st.

Results: One thousand and ninety-two children were included.

Current concepts in managing pelvic inflammatory disease.

Purpose Of Review: The management of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) has significantly changed during the last two decades. Moreover, some recent bacterial findings have led to recent changes in this management.

Recent Findings: Most cases of PID are mild-to-moderate uncomplicated forms that can be treated as outpatients.

[Efficacy of combined active-passive immunization in neonates born to hepatitis B surface antigen positive mothers: a study of 60 cases].

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of hepatitis B serovaccination in neonates born to HBsAg carrier mothers.

Materials And Methods: This study was performed in neonates born to HBsAg carrier mothers. They received one dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulins (0.

[An isolated vasculitis of uterine cervix and isthmus].

Isolated lesions of vasculitis are described in different organs, notably female genital tract. Exhaustive clinic and paraclinic exams are necessary to exclude an occult systemic vasculitis. We report a case of vasculitis that was restricted to uterine cervix and isthmus, fortuitously discovered by a 45-years-old woman after hysterectomy.

Levofloxacin plus metronidazole in uncomplicated pelvic inflammatory disease: a preliminary study.

Objective: Uncomplicated pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common disease caused by numerous pathogens: sexually transmitted infections (such as Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium), anaerobes, and other organisms from the vaginal flora. It is currently treated by oral route and most present protocols recommend ofloxacin plus metronidazole (MET). The CDC 2006 Guidelines suggested that levofloxacin (LEV) can be a substitute for ofloxacin.

[Difficulties of interpretation in toxoplasma serology in a pregnant woman in the context of a maternofetal alloimmunization against HPA-1a platelet antigen].

Serological status in case of Toxoplasma gondii infection needs to be established either before or at the beginning of a pregnancy. However, clinical biologists are often facing conflicting serological results that are difficult to interpret: we report here the case of a woman in her 30th week of pregnancy. Both her IgM and IgG were negative at the 14th week of pregnancy; but suddenly, starting from the 20th week, her IgG became positive while her IgM remained negative.

[Pelvic inflammatory diseases].

Pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID) include salpingitis and endometritis. They usually result from the infection of upper genital tract by pathogens ascending from the cervix or the vagina. Since the clinical signs of uncomplicated forms are frequently mild or misleading, diagnosis require other exams such as microbiology (samples from the cervix and, if applicable, from the pelvis) and laparoscopy.

[Neonatal Bartter syndrome's special features in very premature newborns].

Neonatal Bartter syndrome is a rare condition, usually revealed by alkalosis and hypokalemia. Clinical and biological signs of neonatal Bartter syndrome are quite different from those encountered when this disease is diagnosed in older children. Diagnosis of neonatal Bartter syndrome is even more difficult in very preterm infants.

[Methodological aspects of economic evaluation in pediatrics: illustration by RSV infection prophylaxis in the French setting].

The methodological approach of the economic evaluation of drugs in pediatrics is illustrated by the case study of the prophylaxis for RSV infections using palivizumab in the French setting. The indications for the reimbursement of this treatment have been restricted to premature children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or hemodynamically significant congenital-heart disease. A model was developed primarily using the results of the pivotal clinical studies on palivizumab.

CPAP and the preterm infant: lessons from the COIN trial and other studies.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is associated with ventilation. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) allows earlier weaning in ventilated infants. Starting nCPAP from shortly after birth to prevent ventilation has been questioned because it prevents an early use of surfactant.

[Sophrology: a different tool for infertile couples].

Because of the high degree of complexity of assisted reproduction techniques (ART), the human and conscious dimensions of infertility problems are often neglected. Different strategies may help infertile couples coping with infertility and related treatments; among these, Caycedian sophrology relies on the cognitive, emotional, and somatic aspects of consciousness. In the present article, the authors report on their experience with sophrologic support for infertile patients by a midwife qualified in caycedian sophrology.

Corticosteroids in patients with antiovarian antibodies undergoing in vitro fertilization: a prospective pilot study.

Objective: Antiovarian autoantibodies (AOA) have been associated with reproductive failure, especially in in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients. Thus, the success rate of IVF might be improved by the use of corticosteroids. However, therapeutic trials with these drugs have yielded conflicting results, particularly because of heterogeneous inclusion criteria.

Pathophysiology of impaired ovarian function in galactosaemia.

Classical galactosaemia is an inherited inborn error of the major galactose assimilation pathway, caused by galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT) deficiency. Many GALT mutations have been described, with different clinical consequences. In severe forms, newborns present with a life-threatening, acute toxic syndrome that rapidly regresses under a galactose-restricted diet.

Improving perinatal regionalization by predicting neonatal intensive care requirements of preterm infants: an EPIPAGE-based cohort study.

Objective: Perinatal regionalization has been organized into 3 ascending levels of care, fitting increasing degrees of pathology. Current recommendations specify that very premature infants be referred prenatally to level III facilities, yet not all very preterm neonates require level III intensive care. The objective of our study was to determine the antenatal factors that, in association with gestational age, predict the need for neonatal intensive care in preterm infants, to match the size of birth with the level of care required.

Management of the complications of the synthetic slings.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this article is to review the last year's literature on the management of vaginal erosion and obturator abscess with suburethral tapes in the treatment of female urinary incontinence.

Recent Findings: During the past decade suburethral tapes have been approved in Europe for minimally invasive treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Consensus is, however, lacking regarding the material best suited for this surgery.

The influence of cigarette smoking on human sperm quality and DNA fragmentation.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate consequences of cigarette smoking on male gametes. In this prospective study, sperm parameters such as sperm density, motility, viability and normal morphology were measured according to the WHO criteria. In addition to these standard parameters, we analysed the degree of DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa using the TUNEL-assay with flow cytometry detection in 57 non-smokers and 51 smokers seeking for infertility counselling.