Screening for retinopathy of prematurity in China: a five-year cohort study in seven screening centers.

Background: To analyze the demographic characteristics of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in China, attempting to propose optimized screening criteria and hopefully providing valuable information for future updates to the ROP guideline.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective-cohort study was conducted. The study included infants born between January 1, 2018, and July 31, 2023, who underwent ROP screening and were diagnosed with ROP at seven screening centers in China.

Emergence and clinical challenges of ST11-K64 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: molecular insights and implications for antimicrobial resistance and virulence in Southwest China.

Background: In clinical practice, the emergence of ST11-K64 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (ST11-K64 CRKP) has become increasingly alarming. Despite this trend, limited research has been conducted to elucidate the clinical and molecular characteristics of these strains.

Objectives: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the clinical characteristics, antimicrobial resistance patterns, resistance and virulence-associated genes, and molecular epidemiology of ST11-K64 CRKP in Southwest China.

Age-related characteristics of sedation in pediatric patients and their correlated adverse events: a cohort study.

Objective: The objective of this research was to examine the features and potential hazards of sedation in children of varying ages. Additionally, the study aimed to comprehend these variations to enhance the safety and efficacy of clinical applications.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on case data involving pediatric patients who underwent imaging procedures in outpatient settings and necessitated procedural sedation from 2022 to 2024.

Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel heterozygous variant in in a Chinese family with neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired language, behavioral abnormalities, and dysmorphic facies.

UBAP2L-deficiency syndrome, also known as neurodevelopmental disorder with impaired language, behavioral abnormalities, and dysmorphic facies (NEDLBF, OMIM 620494), is an extremely rare autosomal dominant disorder. This condition is caused by heterozygous variant in the gene (NM_014847.4, MIM 616472), which encodes the ubiquitin-associated protein 2-like protein involved in the formation of stress granules (SGs).

NRPS-like Gene Contributed to the Biosynthesis of Cyclo(Pro-Val) in a Multistress-Tolerant Aromatic Probiotic, GXDK6.

Cyclo(Pro-Val) is a diketopiperazine (DKP) found widespread in marine microbes and resulting food products. With new bioactivities of cyclo(Pro-Val) being continually discovered, its potential applications in agriculture and food are becoming more evident, highlighting the need for efficient and practical methods to produce these compounds. However, the biosynthesis mechanisms of cyclo(Pro-Val), particularly in probiotics, remain unclear, and the functional identification of nonribosomal peptide synthases (NRPS) is still limited.

[Analysis of the current status of red blood cell transfusion in very preterm infants from Chinese Neonatal Network in 2022].

To analyze the current status of red blood cell transfusion in very preterm infants (VPI) (gestational age at birth <32 weeks) from Chinese Neonatal Network (CHNN) in 2022. This cross-sectional study was based on the CHNN VPI cohort. It included 6 985 VPI admitted to CHNN 89 participating centers within 24 hours after birth in 2022.

Causal relationships between immune cells, inflammatory cytokines, and pertussis: Bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis.

Studies have shown that immune cells play an important role in the occurrence and development of pertussis, but the specific causal relationships are yet to be determined. Additionally, inflammatory cytokines, as regulators of immune responses, may mediate the relationship between immune cells and pertussis, and the specific mechanisms involved require further exploration. This study utilizes data from multiple large-scale genome-wide association studies, covering 731 types of immune cells and 91 types of inflammatory cytokines.

Supplementation with L-kynurenine during in vitro maturation improves bovine oocytes developmental competence through its antioxidative action.

Oxidative stress impairs the developmental potential of oocytes during in vitro maturation (IVM). L-kynurenine (L-KYN), an endogenous metabolite, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. This work aimed to evaluate the potential effects of L-KYN on bovine oocyte IVM and its mechanisms.

Development and validation of a risk prediction model for postpartum urinary incontinence in primiparas with singleton pregnancies: a multicenter clinical investigation.

Background: Postpartum urinary incontinence (UI) is a serious condition that significantly affects the quality of life. Several studies have demonstrated that it is associated with pelvic floor dysfunction. This study aimed to develop and validate a UI risk prediction model to identify primiparas with singleton pregnancies at high risk.

Clinical features and risk factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in premature infants: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: With the continuous advancement of modern medical technology, the survival rate of premature infants has significantly increased. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is one of the most common pathogens causing neonatal infections, particularly posing a serious risk to premature infants.

miR-144/451: A Regulatory Role in Inflammation.

Background: Inflammation is the natural defense mechanism of the body in response to injury, infection, or other stimuli. Excessive or persistent inflammatory responses can lead to the development of inflammatory diseases. Therefore, elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of inflammatory cells is crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of such diseases and devising novel therapeutic approaches.

Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents are associated with coronavirus disease-2019 outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To explore the relationship between vitamin D levels and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its severity in children and adolescents, and provide a theoretical basis for clinical practice.

Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for comprehensive cohort and case-control studies on the association between childhood vitamin D deficiency and the risk and prognosis of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The search period was set from December 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023.

Associations between antimony exposure and glycated hemoglobin levels in adolescents aged 12-19 years: results from the NHANES 2013-2016.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between antimony (Sb) exposure and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in adolescents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 751 adolescents aged 12-19 years was conducted via the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013-2016). Survey-weighted linear regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were applied to evaluate the relationship of urinary Sb exposure with HbA1c.

Allergenic protein-induced type I hypersensitivity models: a review.

Context: Type I hypersensitivity affects approximately one-third of the global population. As the pathophysiology underlying the development of type I hypersensitivity (asthma, food allergy, and anaphylactic shock, etc.) is complex and heterogeneous, animal model studies continue to be the key to identifying novel molecular pathways and providing therapeutic strategies.

MiR-144/451 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung inflammation by downregulating Rac1 and STAT-3 in macrophages.

MicroRNAs have been shown to play a critical role in lung inflammatory diseases. Here, we report that knocking out miR-144/451 in mice exacerbates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung inflammation. The lung inflammation in mice was induced by intratracheal instillation of LPS.

Epidural injection of hydromorphone for postoperative pain after episiotomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Perineal incision resulting in post-partum pain and impact on puerperal life was the focus of our study. We recruited postpartum mothers who had undergone vaginal delivery to receive labor analgesia and episiotomy with an epidural injection of 0.5 mg hydromorphone to assess the therapeutic effects of postpartum analgesia.

Latexin deficiency limits foam cell formation and ameliorates atherosclerosis by promoting macrophage phenotype differentiation.

Latexin (LXN) is abundant in macrophages and plays critical roles in inflammation. Much is known about macrophages in atherosclerosis, the role of macrophage LXN in atherosclerosis has remained elusive. Here, the expression of LXN in human and mouse atherosclerotic lesions was examined by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry.

Dose-response relationship of serum ferritin and dietary iron intake with metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: This study aims to assess the dose-response impact of iron load on systemic and hepatic metabolic disorders including metabolic syndrome (MetS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: Serum ferritin (SF) and dietary iron intake were selected to represent the indicators of iron load in the general population. PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched for epidemiological studies assessing the impact of SF/dietary iron intake on MetS/NAFLD occurrence.