Multi-compartment V/Q lung modeling: Log normal distributions of inspired or expired alveolar gas?

Using a 50-compartment Python-coded mathematical lung model, we compared mixed venous blood flow (Q) distributions and arterial oxygen tension/inspired oxygen fraction (PaO/FiO) relationships in lungs modeled with log normal distributions (LND) of inspired (V) versus expired (V) alveolar gas volumes. In lungs with normal V/Q heterogeneity, Q versus V/Q and Q versus V/Q distributions were similar with either approach, and PaO/FiO sequences remained indistinguishable. In V/Q heterogeneous lungs at high FiO, VLND generated low Q versus V/Q shoulders and some negative V units, while VLND preserved Q versus V/Q log normality by blood flow diversion from low V/Q units.

Single-FiO lung modelling with machine learning: a computer simulation incorporating volumetric capnography.

We investigated whether machine learning (ML) analysis of ICU monitoring data incorporating volumetric capnography measurements of mean alveolar PCO can partition venous admixture (VenAd) into its shunt and low V/Q components without manipulating the inspired oxygen fraction (FiO). From a 21-compartment ventilation / perfusion (V/Q) model of pulmonary blood flow we generated blood gas and mean alveolar PCO data in simulated scenarios with shunt values from 7.3% to 36.

Spatial expression of the FGFR2b splice isoform and its prognostic significance in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma.

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecological malignancy and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) is a frequently dysregulated receptor tyrosine kinase. FGFR2b and FGFR2c are the two main splice isoforms of FGFR2 and are normally localized in epithelial and mesenchymal cells, respectively. Previously, we demonstrated that FGFR2c mRNA expression was associated with aggressive tumor characteristics, shorter progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) in endometrioid ECs (EECs).

Clinical activity of durvalumab for patients with advanced mismatch repair-deficient and repair-proficient endometrial cancer. A nonrandomized phase 2 clinical trial.

Background: In this study, we assessed the activity of durvalumab, an antibody to programmed death ligand-1, in two cohorts of women with advanced endometrial cancers (AEC)-mismatch repair proficient (pMMR) and mismatch repair deficient (dMMR).

Methods: A multicenter phase two study was performed in women with AEC with pMMR tumor progressing after one to three lines of chemotherapy and women with AEC with dMMR tumor progressing after zero to three lines of chemotherapy. Mismatch repair status was based on immunohistochemistry expression.

Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Isoforms Detected via Novel RNA ISH as Predictive Biomarkers for Progestin Therapy in Atypical Hyperplasia and Low-Grade Endometrial Cancer.

Women with atypical hyperplasia (AH) or well-differentiated early-stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC) who wish to retain fertility and/or with comorbidities precluding surgery, are treated with progestin. Clinically approved predictive biomarkers for progestin therapy remain an unmet need. The objectives of this study were to document the overall response rate (ORR) of levonorgestrel intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) treatment, and determine the association of FGFR2b and FGFR2c expression with treatment outcome.

FGFR2c Mesenchymal Isoform Expression Is Associated with Poor Prognosis and Further Refines Risk Stratification within Endometrial Cancer Molecular Subtypes.

Purpose: The two most common molecular subtypes of endometrial cancers, mismatch repair deficient (MMRd) and p53 wild-type (p53wt) comprise the majority of endometrial cancers and have intermediate prognoses where additional risk stratification biomarkers are needed. Isoform switching of FGFR2 from FGFR2b to FGFR2c (normally expressed in mesenchymal cells), has been reported in other solid carcinomas. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of FGFR2c in risk stratification of endometrial cancer.

Gestational diabetes mellitus.

Hyperglycaemia that develops during pregnancy and resolves after birth has been recognized for over 50 years, but uniform worldwide consensus is lacking about threshold hyperglycaemic levels that merit a diagnosis of 'gestational diabetes mellitus' (GDM) and thus treatment during pregnancy. GDM is currently the most common medical complication of pregnancy, and prevalence of undiagnosed hyperglycaemia and even overt diabetes in young women is increasing. Maternal overweight and obesity, later age at childbearing, previous history of GDM, family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and ethnicity are major GDM risk factors.