Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

Amplifying Women's Voices in Menopause Research: The Importance of Inclusive Perspectives.

Menopause, a significant life transition for half the global population, intersects biological, cultural and social dimensions. Despite its universal occurrence, menopause research has historically been dominated by biomedical perspectives, often neglecting women's voices and diverse experiences. This article highlights the importance of including women's perspectives in menopause research to ensure relevance, accuracy and equity.

The quality of Tibetan sheep meat from pastures was synergistically regulated by the rumen microbiota and related genes at different phenological stages.

Meat quality is a key indicator of meat performance in ruminants, and its mechanism and regulation are also key to ruminant research. Studies have shown that animal meat quality is related to the gut microbiota. In this study, RT-qPCR and 16S omics were employed to assess meat quality and intestinal microbiota.

colonization and undernutrition in infants in rural eastern Ethiopia - a longitudinal community-based birth cohort study.

Background: is associated with environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and malnutrition in children. infection could be a linchpin between livestock fecal exposure and health outcomes in low-resource smallholder settings.

Methods: We followed a birth cohort of 106 infants in rural smallholder households in eastern Ethiopia up to 13 months of age.

Systemic inequities in alcohol licensing: Case studies in eight Aotearoa New Zealand communities.

Introduction: Many countries, including Aotearoa New Zealand, have socioeconomic and ethnic inequities in alcohol outlet density, yet the potential contribution of alcohol licensing systems is almost unexplored. After licensing reforms in Aotearoa in 2012, community groups and Māori (the Indigenous people) continued to struggle to influence decisions, prompting calls for reform and authority for Māori reflecting Te Tiriti o Waitangi obligations. This study explored factors in the failure of public objections in under-resourced neighbourhoods.

Digestion of food proteins: the role of pepsin.

The nutritive value of a protein is determined not only by its amino acid composition, but also by its digestibility in the gastrointestinal tract. The interaction between proteins and pepsin in the gastric stage is the first step and plays an important role in protein hydrolysis. Moreover, it affects the amino acid release rates and the allergenicity of the proteins.

Perceived Burnout Among Underrepresented Minority Physician Assistant/Associate Educators in the United States.

Introduction: There is a keen interest regarding burnout in academic medicine with an existing need for more studies. The priority population were underrepresented physician assistant/associate (PA) educators in the United States. The purpose was to determine external/internal contributors leading to perceived burnout; investigate whether primary/secondary appraisal inform coping strategies; and determine whether there was an existing relationship between demographic factors and emotional exhaustion (EE).

Nurse-Led Self-Management Support After Organ Transplantation - A Multicenter, Stepped-Wedge Randomized Controlled Trial.

Unlabelled: In this unblinded multi-center stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial the effectiveness of the nurse-led ZENN-intervention was tested in promoting self-management skills in comparison to standard care among heart, lung and kidney transplant recipients. This intervention is based on behaviour change theories and was conducted in four sessions over 6 months at the outpatient clinic. The experimental group received standard care, plus the ZENN-intervention, while the control group received only standard care.

Emulation of the subjective experience of visual dorsal stream dysfunction: a description of three in depth case studies.

These case studies explore the subjective visual experiences of individuals with cerebral visual impairment (CVI), specifically dorsal stream dysfunction (DSD) characterized by simultanagnosia. Through three in-depth case studies, this work documents the challenges these individuals face when navigating cluttered environments. The individuals were asked to describe their visual experiences while watching videos of varying complexity, with the future aim of creating a simulation of simultanagnosia.

How did the depression and anxiety levels of older New Zealanders change during the COVID-19 pandemic?

There has been widespread concern about the mental health impact of the global COVID-19 outbreak. Fears have been raised that depression and anxiety among older people may have increased in the pandemic, and that adverse health behaviours, such as increased alcohol use and decreased physical activity, may have contributed to the mental health decline. This study aimed to examine changes in depression, anxiety, alcohol use and physical activity scores of people aged 55 and older in New Zealand over the initial months of the pandemic.

The functions of papillomavirus E2 proteins.

All papillomaviruses encode an E2 protein and it is essential for the viral life cycle. E2 has three domains; a carboxyl-terminal DNA binding and dimerization domain, an amino-terminal protein interaction domain and a hinge region linking these two. Following homo-dimerization human papillomavirus E2 binds to four 12bp palindromic DNA sequences located in the non-coding long control region (LCR) of the viral genome.

Large-scale evaluation of outcomes after a genetic diagnosis in children with severe developmental disorders.

Purpose: We sought to evaluate outcomes for clinical management after a genetic diagnosis from the Deciphering Developmental Disorders study.

Methods: Individuals in the Deciphering Developmental Disorders study who had a pathogenic/likely pathogenic genotype in the DECIPHER database were selected for inclusion ( = 5010). Clinical notes from regional clinical genetics services notes were reviewed to assess predefined clinical outcomes relating to interventions, prenatal choices, and information provision.

A phase I study of MLN4924 and belinostat in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome.

Purpose: Relapsed and/or refractory acute myeloid leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome continue to have a poor prognosis with limited treatment options despite advancements in rational combination and targeted therapies. Belinostat (an HDAC inhibitor) and Pevonedistat (a NEDD8 inhibitor) have each been independently studied in hematologic malignancies and have tolerable safety profiles with limited single-agent activity. Preclinical studies in AML cell lines and primary AML cells show the combination to be highly synergistic, particularly in high-risk phenotypes such as p53 mutant and FLT-3-ITD positive cells.

Precision Psychobiotics for Gut-Brain Axis Health: Advancing the Discovery Pipelines to Deliver Mechanistic Pathways and Proven Health Efficacy.

Advancing microbiome-gut-brain axis science requires systematic, rational and translational approaches to bridge the critical knowledge gaps currently preventing full exploitation of the gut microbiome as a tractable therapeutic target for gastrointestinal, mental and brain health. Current research is still marked by many open questions that undermine widespread application to humans. For example, the lack of mechanistic understanding of probiotic effects means it remains unclear why even apparently closely related strains exhibit different effects in vivo.

Acknowledging: A classic grounded theory explaining how nurses' employ clinical judgement when complying with early warning system protocols.

Background: Recognition and response to clinical deterioration of hospitalised patients is a worldwide health priority area. In response to this concern, international bodies have implemented early warning systems to help clinicians keep people safe and prevent patient deterioration. Registered nurses hold a significant role in managing care provision and utilise early warning system tools to support their clinical judgement when making decisions about patient care.

Youth participatory action research (YPAR) to promote educational equity.

The article uses theory and qualitative evidence to show how youth participatory action research (YPAR) can advance educational equity. YPAR engages young people and adult allies in research and action on issues in their schools and communities. Interviews with over two dozen YPAR researchers-students and partner teachers-elaborate the mechanisms through which school-based YPAR can affect equity, including through direct changes to policy and practice as a result of YPAR actions, a school culture that values student experiences, transformative teacher-student relationships, and improved individual outcomes for participants.

Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a physical activity intervention in adults with lymphoma undergoing treatment.

Background: To determine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a 6-month tailored non-linear progressive physical activity intervention (PAI) for lymphoma patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with lymphoma (non-Hodgkin (NHL) or Hodgkin (HL)) were randomized into the PAI or healthy living intervention (HLI) control (2:1). Feasibility was assessed by examining accrual, adherence, and retention rates.

Intrapartum hydration assessment and management: A cross-sectional survey of Australian and New Zealand maternity units.

Background: Hydration assessment and management during labour play an important role in maternal and newborn outcomes. Studies indicate that clinical practice is inconsistent, with limited consensus evident in clinical guidelines. Current practices in fluid management across public and private maternity units within Australia and New Zealand remain unknown.

International trends in the implementation of assessment for learning : Implications for policy and practice in a post-COVID world.

This paper discusses the evolution of assessment for learning (AfL) across the globe with particular attention given to Western educational jurisdictions. Scholars from Australia, Canada, Ireland, Israel, New Zealand, Norway, and the United States discuss prominent assessment reforms within their respective countries over the last decade. Particular attention is given to the impact of the pandemic as well as technological developments for classroom assessment policies and practices.

The mutational landscape of Staphylococcus aureus during colonisation.

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen and a commensal of the human nose and skin. Survival and persistence during colonisation are likely major drivers of S. aureus evolution.

Specialty palliative care use among cancer patients: A population-based study.

Background: Rigorous population-based assessments of the use of specialty palliative care (SPC) in the US are rare.

Settings/subjects: This study examined SPC use among cancer patients in a mid-sized metropolitan area in Southeast US.

Measurements: In this cancer decedent cohort study, data were acquired and linked from the state-wide cancer registry; state-wide hospital discharge dataset; and local SPC providers.

Dementia prevalence and dementia risk in Indigenous Peoples: recent findings, current developments, and future directions.

Purpose Of Review: To highlight recent findings on the prevalence and risk and protective factors for dementia in Indigenous Peoples, who are disproportionately affected by health inequities driven by social determinants of health and historical injustices. With increasing numbers of Indigenous individuals entering older age, there is a growing need for research to better understand dementia and opportunities for prevention in Indigenous Peoples.

Recent Findings: Recent studies highlight a wide range of dementia prevalence across Indigenous Peoples, with estimates varying significantly by methodology, socio-cultural context, and region with stark gaps in regional representation.

Forecasting Range Shifts in Terrestrial Alpine Insects Under Global Warming.

Anthropogenic planetary heating is disrupting global alpine systems, but our ability to empirically measure and predict responses in alpine species distributions is impaired by a lack of comprehensive data and technical limitations. We conducted a comprehensive, semi-quantitative review of empirical studies on contemporary range shifts in alpine insects driven by climate heating, drawing attention to methodological issues and potential biotic and abiotic factors influencing variation in responses. We highlight case studies showing how range dynamics may affect standing genetic variation and adaptive potential, and discuss how data integration frameworks can improve forecasts.

Diversity and cross-species transmission of viruses in a remote island ecosystem: implications for wildlife conservation.

The ability of viruses to emerge in new species is influenced by aspects of host biology and ecology, with some taxa harbouring a high diversity and abundance of viruses. However, how these factors shape virus diversity at the ecosystem scale is often unclear. To better understand the pattern and determinants of viral diversity within an ecosystem, and to describe the novel avian viruses infecting an individual avian community, we performed a metagenomic snapshot of the virome from the entire avian community on remote Pukenui/Anchor Island in Aotearoa New Zealand.