Building a Diverse Psychiatric Workforce for the Future and Helping Them Thrive: Recommendations for Psychiatry Training Directors.

The COVID-19 pandemic and murder of Mr George Floyd served as catalysts for examining antiracism efforts in psychiatry training programs and health care systems. Our recruitment and retention of Black, Indigenous, and other racial/ethnic minority psychiatry trainees has not met the demand for care and does not represent the communities served. Training directors at a critical juncture in creating systemic changes to recruitment, retention, policies, and curricular competencies to address ongoing inequities and disparities in health care.

Clinical Implications and Treatment Strategies for ESR1 Fusions in Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Case Series.

In hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer (HR+ MBC), endocrine resistance is commonly due to genetic alterations of ESR1, the gene encoding estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). While ESR1 point mutations (ESR1-MUT) cause acquired resistance to aromatase inhibition (AI) through constitutive activation, far less is known about the molecular functions and clinical consequences of ESR1 fusions (ESR1-FUS). This case series discusses 4 patients with HR+ MBC with ESR1-FUS in the context of the existing ESR1-FUS literature.

Cannabinoids and solid organ transplantation: Psychiatric perspectives and recommendations.

Cannabinoid use in patients seeking solid organ transplantation (SOT) is an important and unsettled matter which all transplantation clinicians regularly encounter. It is also a multifaceted, interprofessional issue, difficult for any specialty alone to adequately address in a research article or during clinical care. Such uncertainty lends itself to bias for or against cannabinoid use accompanied by inconsistent policies and procedures.

Building a Diverse Psychiatric Workforce for the Future and Helping Them Thrive: Recommendations for Psychiatry Training Directors.

The COVID-19 pandemic and murder of Mr George Floyd served as catalysts for examining antiracism efforts in psychiatry training programs and health care systems. Our recruitment and retention of Black, Indigenous, and other racial/ethnic minority psychiatry trainees has not met the demand for care and does not represent the communities served. Training directors at a critical juncture in creating systemic changes to recruitment, retention, policies, and curricular competencies to address ongoing inequities and disparities in health care.

Postpartum depression screening: Treatment engagement, barriers to care, and change in depressive symptoms.

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common condition associated with childbirth, yet many women do not receive the treatment they need. Despite the growing practice of PPD screening, treatment and clinical outcomes among patients identified as likely having PPD remain unclear.

Method: Women who were systematically screened and scored ≥12 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)-indicative of possible PPD-at their routine 6-week postpartum visit were eligible to participate and were contacted after 3 months for a follow-up interview and assessment.

Cognitive functioning in adolescents with schizophrenia treated with paliperidone extended-release: 6-Month exploratory analysis from an open-label, single-arm safety study.

Objective: To assess cognitive functioning in adolescents (12-17 years old) with schizophrenia during open-label treatment with paliperidone extended-release (pali ER).

Methods: In this exploratory analysis, adolescents treated with pali ER (oral, flexibly dosed, 1.5-12 mg/day) underwent cognitive assessments at baseline and month 6 using a battery of cognitive tests validated in adolescents.

Detecting Depression in People Living with HIV in South Africa: The Factor Structure and Convergent Validity of the South African Depression Scale (SADS).

Screening measures for depression developed in high-income countries have not always demonstrated strong psychometric properties in South Africa and with people living with HIV (PLWH). The present study explored the psychometric properties of the 16-item South African Depression Scale (SADS) comprised of idioms of distress specific to isiXhosa culture in PLWH. The SADS was administered to 137 Xhosa-speaking PLWH who met diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) together with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).

Emotional Impact on Health Behavior Adherence After Bariatric Surgery: What About Positive Psychological Constructs?

Introduction: Health behaviors are critical for weight loss maintenance after weight loss surgery (WLS), and emotional factors often play a role in adherence. Positive psychological constructs (e.g.

Acceptability of SPECTRUM Research Cigarettes among Participants in Trials of Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarettes.

Objectives: SPECTRUM research cigarettes (SPECTRUMs) are being used in trials evaluating the effects of switching to reduced nicotine content (RNC) cigarettes. Because smokers have a high brand affinity, we evaluated if they were willing to switch and continue smoking normal nicotine content (NNC) SPECTRUMs.

Methods: We asked smokers (N = 341) to rate their own brand of cigarettes and NNC SPECTRUMs (after 2 weeks of use) using subjective measures including satisfaction, reward, taste, and craving reduction.

'I went back to being myself': acceptability of a culturally adapted task-shifted cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) treatment for depression (Ziphamandla) for South African HIV care settings.

There is a need for a culturally adapted, evidence-based, psychotherapy treatment that is effective, acceptable, and feasible for integration into primary care in South Africa. This qualitative study used exit interviews to examine participants' experiences of an adapted cognitive-behavioural therapy treatment for adherence and depression, task-shifted and delivered by nurses in two peri-urban HIV clinics near Cape Town. Nine semi-structured exit interviews were conducted with isiXhosa-speaking females and analysed using thematic analysis.

Recovery benefits of the "therapeutic alliance" among 12-step mutual-help organization attendees and their sponsors.

Background: The "therapeutic alliance" between clinicians and patients has been associated with treatment response and outcomes in professionally-delivered psychotherapies. Although 12-step mutual help organizations (MHOs), such as Alcoholics Anonymous, are the most commonly sought source of support for individuals with substance use disorder (SUD), little is known about whether a stronger alliance in comparable MHO relationships between 12-step sponsors and those they help ("sponsees") confers benefits similar to those observed in professional contexts. Greater knowledge could inform clinical recommendations and enhance models that explain how individuals benefit from 12-step MHOs.

A tool to utilize adverse effect profiles to identify brain-active medications for repurposing.

Background: To shorten the time required to bring new treatments to clinics, recent efforts have focused on repurposing existing Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs with established safety data for new indications. We hypothesized that adverse effect profiles might aid in prioritizing compounds for investigation in central nervous system (CNS) applications by providing an indication of their abilities to cross the blood-brain barrier.

Methods: Data were drawn from an investigation of similarity of adverse effect profiles, utilizing pre- and post-marketing data.

Impulsive social influence increases impulsive choices on a temporal discounting task in young adults.

Adolescents and young adults who affiliate with friends who engage in impulsive behavior are more likely to engage in impulsive behaviors themselves, and those who associate with prosocial (i.e. more prudent, future oriented) peers are more likely to engage in prosocial behavior.

Correlates of quality of life and functional disability in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder.

Objective: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a chronic mental illness characterized by low quality of life and functional disability across multiple domains. Despite the clinical importance of understanding impairment in BDD, there has been little research examining the factors that contribute to these constructs. The present study was designed to examine sociodemographic and clinical correlates of quality of life and disability (work, social, and family) in a sample of individuals with moderately severe BDD symptoms.

Brain GABA levels in patients with bipolar disorder.

Purpose: A growing body of research supports an important role for GABA in the pathophysiology of bipolar and other mood disorders. The purpose of the current study was to directly examine brain GABA levels in a clinical sample of bipolar patients.

General Methods: We used magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to examine whole brain and regional GABA, glutamate and glutamine in 13 patients with bipolar disorder compared to a matched group of 11 healthy controls.

Reach of benchmark psychiatric trial results to community-based providers: a case study of CATIE.

Objective: To evaluate the familiarity of front-line clinicians with findings from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE), the influence of didactic continuing medical education on provider knowledge about key details of CATIE, and how location-related factors affect rates of pre-event knowledge and intraevent learning about CATIE.

Method: Data derived from the Massachusetts General Hospital Psychiatry Academy (MGH-PA) semester II live symposia provided in different cities nationally between September and December 2006 were analyzed to evaluate providers' self-assessment of their knowledge about CATIE. In addition, participants were also asked a preactivity and postactivity question to assess learning of material presented during the live event psychosis lecture.

Factors correlated with violent video game use by adolescent boys and girls.

Purpose: To compare the video and computer game play patterns of young adolescent boys and girls, including factors correlated with playing violent games.

Methods: Data collected in November/December, 2004 from children in grades 7 and 8 at two demographically diverse schools in Pennsylvania and South Carolina, using a detailed written self-reported survey.

Results: Of 1254 participants (53% female, 47% male), only 80 reported playing no electronic games in the previous 6 months.

Media violence research and youth violence data: why do they conflict?

Objective: Contrary to media headlines and public perceptions, there is little evidence of a substantial link between exposure to violent interactive games and serious real-life violence or crime.

Conclusion: Further research is needed on whether violent games may affect less dramatic but real concerns such as bullying, fighting, or attitudes and beliefs that support aggression, as well as how effects may vary by child characteristics and types of games. There is also a need for research on the potential benefits of violent games for some children and adults.

The prevalence and clinical correlates of anger attacks during depressive episodes in bipolar disorder.

Background: Anger attacks, characterized by sudden episodes of intense anger with autonomic arousal, have been described in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study compared the prevalence and clinical significance of anger attacks in unipolar versus bipolar depression.

Methods: Using the questionnaire of Fava et al.

S. P. Cotton, E. G. Levine, C. M. Fitzpatrick, K. H. Dold and E. Targ, 'Exploring the relationships among spiritual well-being, quality of life, and psychological adjustment in women with breast cancer'. psycho-oncology 8(5) 1999, 429-438.

The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Psycho-Ocology 8(5) 1999, 429-438.