PEDF-Enriched Extracellular Vesicle for Vessel Normalization to Potentiate Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy.

The abnormal tumor vasculature acts as the physical and functional barrier to the infiltration and activity of effector T cells, leading to the low response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Herein, antiangiogenic extracellular vesicles that enable normalization of the tumor-associated vasculature were prepared to potentiate the efficacy of ICIs. Small extracellular vesicles were exploited as the delivery platform to protect the antiangiogenic protein, pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), from proteolytic degradation.

Transcriptomic Profiles of AKAP12 Deficiency in Mouse Corpus Callosum.

A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12), a scaffold protein, has been implicated in the central nervous system, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) function. Although its expression level in the corpus callosum is higher than in other brain regions, such as the cerebral cortex, the role of AKAP12 in the corpus callosum remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the impact of AKAP12 deficiency by transcriptome analysis using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) on the corpus callosum of AKAP12 knockout (KO) mice.

Prevalence of the cefazolin inoculum effect (CzIE) in nasal colonizing methicillin-susceptible in patients from intensive care units in Colombia and use of a modified rapid nitrocefin test for detection.

The cefazolin inoculum effect (CzIE) has been associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) infections. We aimed to investigate the point prevalence of the CzIE among nasal colonizing MSSA isolates from ICU patients in a multicenter study in Colombia (2019-2023). Patients underwent nasal swabs to assess for colonization on admission to the ICU, and some individuals had follow-up swabs.

The Australian Frailty Network: Development of a consumer-focussed national response to frailty.

Frailty is an important concept in the care of older adults. Over the past two decades, significant advances have been made in measuring frailty. While it is now well-recognised that frailty status is an important determinant of outcomes from medical illnesses or surgical interventions, frailty measurement is not currently routinely integrated into clinical practice.

Postmarketing Surveillance of Full Spectrum Hemp Extract CBD Products: Reported Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events.

Background: There is a growing interest in products featuring hemp extracts and a demand for more data regarding their safety. To date, there is a paucity of published data on the safety of these products.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of postmarketing surveillance data collected in the United States on full spectrum hemp extract (FSHE) products manufactured by Charlotte's Web (CW) was conducted over an 18-month period (January 2019 to July 2020).

Personal characteristic differences among Doctor of Physical Therapy students with unique sociodemographic factors.

Background: The Association of American Medical Colleges suggests an Experiences-Attributes-Metrics framework for holistic review, but there is minimal research on demographic and personal characteristic attributes and the interplay between these Attributes subcategories. Understanding how personal attributes may vary among students considered represented and those considered underrepresented in one or more categories is critical to avoid unintentionally perpetuating practices that favor represented groups. This study explored differences in six personal characteristics either consistently related to academic performance or deemed positive professional traits based on diversity characteristics (categories of underrepresentation), age, and sex.

Biospecimens in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study: Rationale and protocol.

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. The longitudinal collection of biological samples from over 7000 birthing parents and their children within the HBCD study enables research on pre- and postnatal exposures (e.g.

Temperature-mortality associations by age and cause: a multi-country multi-city study.

Background: Heterogeneity in temperature-mortality relationships across locations may partly result from differences in the demographic structure of populations and their cause-specific vulnerabilities. Here we conduct the largest epidemiological study to date on the association between ambient temperature and mortality by age and cause using data from 532 cities in 33 countries.

Methods: We collected daily temperature and mortality data from each country.

Barriers and facilitators to implementation of intravenous cardiovascular treatments in ambulatory settings.

Aims: Intravenous (IV) therapies have transformed the management of various cardiovascular conditions in ambulatory patients. However, uptake of these therapies in ambulatory care settings has several barriers. In this systematic scoping review, we aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators that influence the implementation of current IV therapies in ambulatory settings.

Effectiveness of a single dose of JYNNEOS vaccine in real world: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Mpox infection is a zoonotic illness that resembles smallpox. Vaccination is widely regarded as a vital effective method of preventing mpox, however, there is lack of consensus of effectiveness of a single dose of mpox vaccine in the current 2022-2023 outbreak. We pooled data from real-world studies to evaluate the efficacy of the JYNNEOS vaccination given as a single dosage.

Enhancing the Anticancer Activity of Attenuated by Cell Wall Functionalization with "Clickable" Doxorubicin.

Among bacteria used as anticancer vaccines, attenuated (Lm) stands out, because it spreads from one infected cancer cell to the next, induces a strong adaptive immune response, and is suitable for repeated injection cycles. Here, we use click chemistry to functionalize the Lm cell wall and turn the bacterium into an "intelligent carrier" of the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. Doxorubicin-loaded Lm retains most of its biological properties and, compared to the control fluorophore-functionalized bacteria, shows enhanced cytotoxicity against melanoma cells both in vitro and in a xenograft model in zebrafish.

Absolute and Functional Iron Deficiency in the US, 2017-2020.

Importance: The prevalence of absolute and functional iron deficiency among adults in the US is unknown.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of absolute and iron deficiency and iron supplement use in the US across age, sex, and comorbidity categories.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017 to 2020 prepandemic cycle.

Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy and the Risk of Gestational Diabetes in Pregnant Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Introduction: Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy may improve insulin sensitivity, and its impact during pregnancy remains unclear. We aimed to assess the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) associated with anti-TNF treatment among pregnant women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: This nationwide cohort study included patients with IBD in Korea from 2010 to 2021.

Pharmacologic Treatment Strategies for Delirium in Hospitalized Adults: Past, Present, and Future.

Despite the use of multidomain prevention strategies, delirium still frequently occurs in hospitalized adults. With delirium often associated with undesirable symptoms and deleterious outcomes, including cognitive decline, treatment is important. Risk-factor reduction and the protocolized use of multidomain, nonpharmacologic bundles remain the mainstay of delirium treatment.

A Qualitative Study on Perspectives of Parkinson's Disease Medications: Insights from Patient Focus Groups.

Purpose: Medication is an important component of the management of Parkinson's disease (PD), yet few studies investigate factors that inform medication decision-making from the perspective of those who use these therapies. This qualitative study aimed to better understand the medication experiences and perspectives of people with PD (PwPD).

Patients And Methods: Thirty-two PwPD recruited from five large movement disorder clinics from five US states participated in 1-hour on-line focus groups in 2022.

Antioxidant genes in cancer and metabolic diseases: Focusing on Nrf2, Sestrin, and heme oxygenase 1.

Reactive oxygen species are involved in the pathogenesis of cancers and metabolic diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver disease. Thus, inhibiting the generation of free radicals is a promising strategy to control the onset of metabolic diseases and cancer progression. Various synthetic drugs and natural product-derived compounds that exhibit antioxidant activity have been reported to have a protective effect against a range of metabolic diseases and cancer.

Development and Validation of an Algorithm to Predict Stillbirth Gestational Age in Medicaid Billing Records.

Introduction: With Medicaid covering half of US pregnancies, Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) provides a valuable data source to enrich understanding about stillbirth etiologies.

Objective: We developed and validated a claims-based algorithm to predict GA at stillbirth.

Method: We linked the stillbirths identified in MAX 1999-2013 to Florida Fetal Death Records (FDRs) to obtain clinical estimates of GA (N=825).