Cost-Effectiveness of Temporary Financial Assistance for Veterans Experiencing Housing Instability.

Importance: The US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) partners with community organizations (grantees) across the US to provide temporary financial assistance (TFA) to vulnerable veterans through the Supportive Services for Veteran Families (SSVF) program. The goal of TFA for housing-related expenses is to prevent homelessness or to quickly house those who have become homeless.

Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of the SSVF program with TFA vs without TFA as an intervention for veterans who are experiencing housing insecurity.

SUMO Regulation of Ion Channels in Health and Disease.

The small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) protein pathway governs a panoply of vital biological processes including cell death, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, and signal transduction by diversifying the functions, half-lives, and partnerships of target proteins in situ. More recently, SUMOylation has emerged as a key regulator of ion homeostasis and excitability across multiple tissues due to the regulation of a plethora of ion channels expressed in a range of tissue subtypes. Altogether, the balance of SUMOylation states among relevant ion channels can result in graded biophysical effects that tune excitability and contribute to a range of disease states including cardiac arrhythmia, epilepsy, pain transmission, and inflammation.

A comparison of continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) in diabetes management: A systematic literature review.

Background And Aims: As diabetes prevalence has continued to increase in the United States, as well as globally, utilization of disease management techniques has also improved. The evolution in disease management for diabetes has adapted greatly from the initial dipstix method. Continuous glucose monitors have grown in popularity with its introduction to the market.

Disparities in Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder Among All of Us Participants.

Objective: The authors examined racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in receiving treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted that included adults (≥18 years) with AUD from the All of Us Controlled Tier database v7. Outcomes were lifetime receipt of FDA-approved medications (disulfiram, acamprosate, and naltrexone), psychotherapy (individual, family, and group-based session), and combination treatment (medication and psychotherapy).

Reporting ethical approval in case reports and case series in 12 consecutive years: A systematic review.

Our study describes the reported rate of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, declaration of Helsinki (DoH), and informed consent in the case reports and case series and investigates factors associated with the ethical approval report. We searched PubMed for case reports and case series from 2006 to 2017. Annually, we obtained the first 20 articles of a case report cluster from 20 distinct publications.

Severity and Number of Substances Used are Independently Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Over Time among People with HIV in the Current Treatment Era.

Substance use is associated with decreased antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among people with HIV (PWH). Adherence plays a significant role in mediating the negative effects of substance use on HIV suppression and is a principal modifiable patient-level factor in improving HIV suppression and reducing ART drug resistance. Understanding substance use and ART adherence, particularly with rapidly changing substance use epidemiology and ART regimens, is vital to improving HIV care.

Assessment of high-efficacy agonism in synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists containing l--leucinate.

Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) represent a class of new psychoactive substances that pose great health risks attributed to their wide-ranging and severe adverse effects. Recent evidence has shown that SCRAs with key moieties can confer superagonism, yet this phenomenon is still not well understood. In this study, we developed a structure-activity relationship (SAR) for SCRA superagonism by comparing eight compounds differing by their head moiety (l-valinate vs.

Diversity of ancestral brainstem noradrenergic neurons across species and multiple biological factors.

The brainstem region, locus coeruleus (LC), has been remarkably conserved across vertebrates. Evolution has woven the LC into wide-ranging neural circuits that influence functions as broad as autonomic systems, the stress response, nociception, sleep, and high-level cognition among others. Given this conservation, there is a strong possibility that LC activity is inherently similar across species, and furthermore that age, sex, and brain state influence LC activity similarly across species.

Targeting sphingosine 1-phosphate and sphingosine kinases in pancreatic cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Pancreatic cancer is known to be the most lethal cancer. Fewer new treatments are being developed for pancreatic cancer as compared to other cancers. The bioactive lipid S1P, which is mainly regulated by sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) and sphingosine kinase 2 (SK2) enzymes, plays significant roles in pancreatic cancer initiation and exacerbation.

INhaled Sedation versus Propofol in REspiratory failure in the Intensive Care Unit (INSPiRE-ICU1): protocol for a randomised, controlled trial.

Introduction: Sedation in mechanically ventilated adults in the intensive care unit (ICU) is commonly achieved with intravenous infusions of propofol, dexmedetomidine or benzodiazepines. Significant limitations associated with each can impact their usage. Inhaled isoflurane has potential benefit for ICU sedation due to its safety record, sedation profile, lack of metabolism and accumulation, and fast wake-up time.

Variability of Hepatitis C Treatment Cascade Outcomes among People Who Inject Drugs across Geographically Diverse Clinics in the US: The HERO Study.

Heterogeneity of outcomes across different clinical trial study sites is often inevitable. Understanding how outcomes differ by site is important for planning future programs and studies. We examined the extent of heterogeneity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment cascade outcomes among persons who inject drugs (PWIDs) across sixteen clinical sites utilized in the HERO Study-a pragmatic randomized trial of HCV treatment support.

Up-regulation of myelin-associated glycoprotein is associated with the ameliorating effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on Alzheimer's disease progression in APP-PS1 transgenic mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive behavioral and cognitive impairments. Despite growing evidence of the neuroprotective action of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the effects and mechanism of omega-3 PUFAs on AD control are yet to be clarified. By crossing male heterozygous fat-1 mice with female APP/PS1 mice, we assessed whether elevated tissue omega-3 PUFA levels could alleviate AD progression and their underlying mechanism among the offspring WT, APP/PS1 and APP/PS1 × fat-1 groups at various stages.

Piperlongumine in combination with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of lung cancer cells.

Objectives: EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapies such as erlotinib and gefitinib are approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the high incidence of acquired resistance to these EGFR-TKIs may preclude their effectiveness. Piperlongumine (PPL), an extract from the long pepper fruit (), has been shown to possess anticancer properties.

Big data research is everyone's research-Making epilepsy data science accessible to the global community: Report of the ILAE big data commission.

Epilepsy care generates multiple sources of high-dimensional data, including clinical, imaging, electroencephalographic, genomic, and neuropsychological information, that are collected routinely to establish the diagnosis and guide management. Thanks to high-performance computing, sophisticated graphics processing units, and advanced analytics, we are now on the cusp of being able to use these data to significantly improve individualized care for people with epilepsy. Despite this, many clinicians, health care providers, and people with epilepsy are apprehensive about implementing Big Data and accompanying technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI).

Follicle-intrinsic and spatially distinct molecular programs drive follicle rupture and luteinization during ex vivo mammalian ovulation.

During ovulation, the apical wall of the preovulatory follicle breaks down to facilitate gamete release. In parallel, the residual follicle wall differentiates into a progesterone-producing corpus luteum. Disruption of ovulation, whether through contraceptive intervention or infertility, has implications for women's health.

Exploring Interoceptive Awareness With Adults: Occupational Therapy Practitioner Knowledge, Perception, and Practice Patterns.

As the literature states, interoception is important in health and wellness. Disruption of this system can negatively impact occupational performance. We completed a descriptive study to understand how occupational therapy practitioners working with adults address interoceptive awareness.

Proteomic Analysis Uncovers Multiprotein Signatures Associated with Early Diabetic Kidney Disease in Youth with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Key Points: Proteomics analyses identified seven proteins predictive of time to development of albuminuria among youth with type 2 diabetes in the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth cohort, 118 proteins predictive of time to development of hyperfiltration, and three proteins predictive of time to rapid eGFR decline. Seven proteins were predictive of all three outcomes (SEM4A, PSB3, dihydroxyphenylalanine decarboxylase, C1RL1, T132A, pyruvate carboxylase, and C1-esterase inhibitor) and have been implicated in immune regulatory mechanisms, metabolic dysregulation, proteostasis, and cellular signaling pathways. Elastic net Cox proportional hazards model identified distinct multiprotein signatures (38–68 proteins) of time to albuminuria, hyperfiltration, and rapid eGFR decline with concordance for models with clinical covariates and selected proteins between 0.