Use of the Ostial Flash balloon in aorto-ostial chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: The use of the Ostial Flash balloon (Ostial Corporation) has received limited study in aorto-ostial chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary artery intervention (PCI).

Methods: The authors evaluated the outcomes of Ostial Flash balloon use in a large CTO-PCI registry (PROGRESS-CTO, NCT02061436).

Results: The Ostial Flash balloon was used in 54 of 907 aorto-ostial CTO PCIs in 905 patients (6.

Preferred and Actual Location of Death in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer.

Importance: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with advanced cancer often die in hospital settings. Data characterizing the degree to which this pattern of care is concordant with patient goals are sparse.

Objective: To evaluate the extent of concordance between the preferred and actual location of death among AYA patients with cancer.

Use and Costs of Supplemental Benefits in Medicare Advantage, 2017-2021.

Importance: Nearly all Medicare Advantage (MA) plans offer dental, vision, and hearing benefits not covered by traditional Medicare (TM). However, little is known about MA enrollees' use of those benefits or how much they cost MA insurers or enrollees.

Objective: To estimate use, out-of-pocket (OOP) spending, and insurer payments for dental, hearing, and vision services among Medicare beneficiaries.

Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.

Importance: Osteoporotic fractures are associated with psychological distress, subsequent fractures, loss of independence, reduced ability to perform activities of daily living, and death.

Objective: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for osteoporosis to prevent fractures in adults 40 years or older with no known diagnosis of osteoporosis or history of fragility fracture.

Population: Adults 40 years or older without known osteoporosis or history of fragility fractures.

Natural history of recovery and long-term outcome in critically ill patients with brain injury.

Purpose Of Review: To increase knowledge of the natural history of recovery and long-term outcome following severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).

Recent Findings: Recovery of consciousness and complex behaviors that presage subsequent functional recovery frequently occurs well beyond the first 7 days after injury, which is typically the time period widely used in the ICU for prognostic decision-making and establishing goals of care for. Similarly, recovery of functional independence occurs between 1 and 10 years postinjury in a substantial proportion of patients who do not recover command-following during the acute hospitalization.

Exploring the neuroprotective benefits of phytochemicals extracted from indigenous edible fruits in Bangladesh.

The increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and the constraints of existing treatment methods have spurred a keen interest in investigating alternative therapies. Medicinal plants, renowned for their long-standing use in traditional medicine, offer a hopeful avenue for discovering new neuroprotective agents. This study emphasizes the potential neuroprotective characteristics of edible fruit plants in Bangladesh, specifically focusing on their traditional folk medicine uses for neurological disorders.

Predictors against discharge to home in geriatric emergency general surgery patients.

Purpose: This study aims to identify predictors of discharge to post-acute care in geriatric emergency general surgery (EGS) patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of geriatric emergency general surgery (EGS) patients at a tertiary care facility between 2017 and 2018. Inclusion criteria were ≥ 65 years old and presented directly from home.

Home Health Care Research for Children With Disability and Medical Complexity.

Pediatric home health care represents a vital system of care for children with disability and medical complexity, encompassing services provided by family caregivers and nonfamily home health care providers and the use of durable medical equipment and supplies. Home health care is medically necessary for the physiologic health of children with disability and medical complexity and for their participation and function within home, school, and community settings. While the study of pediatric home health care in the United States has increased in the last decade, its research remains primarily methodologically limited to observational studies.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Patients With the Boston Keratoprosthesis Type 1.

Purpose: To report on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with a type 1 Boston keratoprosthesis (KPro) and determine its feasibility through assessment of imaging artifacts.

Methods: KPro and non-KPro subjects were matched for age, gender, and glaucoma diagnosis. OCTA images of the peripapillary optic nerve were obtained, reviewed by 2 readers masked to the diagnosis for artifacts and usability, and used for microvascular measurements.

Mitigating matrix effects in oil and gas wastewater analysis: LC-MS/MS method for ethanolamines.

The high salinity and organic content in oil and gas wastewaters can cause ion suppression during liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis, diminishing the sensitivity and accuracy of measurements in available methods. This suppression is severe for low molecular weight organic compounds such as ethanolamines (, monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), triethanolamine (TEA), -methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), and ,-ethyldiethanolamine (EDEA)). Here, we deployed solid phase extraction (SPE), mixed-mode LC, triple quadrupole MS with positive electrospray ionization (ESI), and a suite of stable isotope standards (, one per target compound) to correct for ion suppression by salts and organic matter, SPE losses, and instrument variability.

Design and implementation of optics for the experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping (EXCLAIM).

This work describes the design and implementation of optics for EXCLAIM, the EXperiment for Cryogenic Large-Aperture Intensity Mapping. EXCLAIM is a balloon-borne telescope that will measure integrated line emission from carbon monoxide at redshifts z < 1 and ionized carbon ([CII]) at redshifts z = 2.5 - 3.

Perioperative Management of Patients with Preeclampsia: A Comprehensive Review.

Preeclampsia is a common condition of pregnancy characterized by hypertension complicated by cerebral, cardiac, hepatic, renal, hematologic, and placental dysfunction. Patients with preeclampsia frequently undergo cesarean delivery, the most common major surgical procedure in the world. They represent a high-risk perioperative cohort suffering significant preventable morbidity and mortality.

Addressing the Shortage of Academic Nurse Educators: An Opportunity for Collaboration Between Academic and Healthcare Organization Leaders.

Background: The numbers of nursing school admissions and, thus, future nursing graduates are directly affected by the lack of qualified ANEs.

Methods: A consortium of diverse ANEs was formed to research these questions using the nominal group technique.

Results: Two central themes emerged from the consortium: support and collaboration.

Virulence factor discovery identifies associations between the Fic gene family and Fap2 fusobacteria in colorectal cancer microbiomes.

is a bacterium associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis. Fap2 is a fusobacteria-specific outer membrane galactose-binding lectin that mediates adherence to and invasion of CRC tumors. Advances in omics analyses provide an opportunity to profile and identify microbial genomic features that correlate with the cancer-associated bacterial virulence factor Fap2.

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors diminish systemic proinflammatory responses to bacterial pathogens.

Bacterial infections can induce exuberant immune responses that can damage host tissues. Previously, we demonstrated that systemic infection in mice causes tissue damage in the liver. This liver necrosis is associated with the expression of endogenous retroviruses, chromosomally integrated retroviruses that encode a reverse transcriptase.

Benchmarking the Efficacy of Salvage Systemic Therapies for Recurrent Meningioma: A RANO Group Systematic Review and Meta-analysis to Guide Clinical Trial Design.

Background: Despite advances in our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of meningioma progression and innovations in systemic and local treatments, recurrent meningiomas remain a substantial therapeutic challenge. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to provide a historical baseline, contemporary analysis, and propose a "rate of probable interest" to inform future clinical trial design and development on behalf of the RANO meningioma group.

Methods: PubMed, ClinicalTrials.

Advancing Principled Pharmacoepidemiologic Research to Support Regulatory and Healthcare Decision Making: The Era of Real-World Evidence.

A compilation of factors over the past decade-including the availability of increasingly large and rich healthcare datasets, advanced technologies to extract unstructured information from health records and digital sources, advancement of principled study design and analytic methods to emulate clinical trials, and frameworks to support transparent study conduct-has ushered in a new era of real-world evidence (RWE). This review article describes the evolution of the RWE era, including pharmacoepidemiologic methods designed to support causal inferences regarding treatment effects, the role of regulators and other health authorities in establishing distributed real-world data networks enabling analytics at scale, and the many global guidance documents on principled methods of producing RWE. This article also highlights the growing opportunity for RWE to support decision making by regulators, health technology assessment groups, clinicians, patients, and other stakeholders and provides examples of influential RWE studies.

Graphene-based single-atom catalysts for electrochemical CO reduction: unraveling the roles of metals and dopants in tuning activity.

Discovering electrocatalysts that can efficiently convert carbon dioxide (CO) to valuable fuels and feedstocks using excess renewable electricity is an emergent carbon-neutral technology. A single metal atom embedded in doped graphene, , single-atom catalyst (SAC), possesses high activity and selectivity for electrochemical CO reduction (COR) to CO, yet further reduction to hydrocarbons is challenging. Here, using density functional theory calculations, we investigate stability and reactivity of a broad SAC chemical space with various metal centers (3d transition metals) and dopants (2p dopants of B, N, O; 3p dopants of P, S) as electrocatalysts for COR to methane and methanol.

Lyme neuroborreliosis in Japan: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato as a cause of meningitis of previously undetermined etiology in hospitalized patients outside of the island of Hokkaido, 2010-2021.

Background And Purpose: Clinical manifestations of Lyme borreliosis (LB), caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl), include erythema migrans, Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB), carditis, and arthritis. LB is a notifiable disease in Japan with <30 surveillance-reported LB cases annually, predominately from Hokkaido Prefecture. However, LB, including LNB, may be under-diagnosed in Japan since diagnostic tests are not readily available.

Blended phenotype of TECPR2-associated hereditary sensory-autonomic neuropathy and Temple syndrome.

Uniparental isodisomy (UPiD) can cause mixed phenotypes of imprinting disorders and autosomal-recessive diseases. We present the case of a 3-year-old male with a blended phenotype of TECPR2-related hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN9) and Temple syndrome (TS14) due to maternal UPiD of chromosome 14, which includes a loss-of-function founder variant in the TECPR2 gene [NM_014844.5: c.

Clinical criteria for limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy.

Limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) is highly prevalent in late life and a common co-pathology with Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change (ADNC). LATE-NC is a slowly progressive, amnestic clinical syndrome. Alternatively, when present with ADNC, LATE-NC is associated with a more rapid course.