Plasma amino acid profiles of dogs with the hepatocutaneous syndrome and dogs with other chronic liver diseases.

Background: Dogs with hepatocutaneous syndrome (HCS) have marked plasma hypoaminoacidemia, but its occurrence in dogs with chronic liver diseases not associated with HCS (non-HCS CLD) is unknown.

Objectives: To determine if plasma hypoaminoacidemia occurs in dogs with non-HCS CLD, compare plasma amino acid (PAA) profiles between dogs with non-HCS CLD and HCS, and define a sensitive and specific PAA pattern for diagnosing HCS.

Animals: Data were collected from client-owned dogs, a prospective cohort of 32 with CLD and 1 with HCS, and a retrospective cohort of 7 with HCS.

Participatory Modeling for High Complexity, Multi-System Issues: Challenges and Recommendations for Balancing Qualitative Understanding and Quantitative Questions.

Community stakeholder participation can be incredibly valuable for the qualitative model development process. However, modelers often encounter challenges for participatory modeling projects focusing on high-complexity, synergistic interactions between multiple issues, systems, and granularity. The diverse stakeholder perspectives and volumes of information necessary for developing such models can yield qualitative models that are difficult to translate into quantitative simulation or clear insight for informed decision-making.

Could the R2C2 Feedback and Coaching Model Enhance Feedback Literacy Behaviors: A Qualitative Study Exploring Learner-Preceptor Feedback Conversations.

Introduction: Feedback literacy (FBL) is a critical skill for learners encompassing four behaviors: appreciating feedback, making judgements, managing affect, and taking action. Little guidance has been available for clinical preceptors to promote FBL. The R2C2 feedback and coaching model that guides teachers through building Relationships, exploring Reactions and Reflections, discussing Content and Coaching to co-develop an action plan for follow-up may support FBL.

Timing of vitrectomy for treatment of endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection: a systematic literature review of case reports and series.

Objective: To perform a systematic literature review analyzing visual outcomes of immediate, early, and delayed vitrectomy in the treatment of acute endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections.

Methods: We conducted a literature search using the Ovid Medline, Embase.com, and Web of Science databases, and relevant articles were selected from original English papers published from 2005 to 2021.

Comprehensive bibliometric analysis of pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorders: Present trends and future directions.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness characterized by significant mood swings. Effective drug treatment modalities are crucial for managing BD.

Aim: To analyze the current status and future trends of global research on BD drug treatment over the last decade.

scRNA-seq reveals elevated interferon responses and TNF-α signaling via NFkB in monocytes in children with uncomplicated malaria.

Malaria causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, disproportionately impacting sub-Saharan Africa. Disease phenotypes associated with infection can vary widely, from asymptomatic to life-threatening. To date, prevention efforts, particularly those related to vaccine development, have been hindered by an incomplete understanding of which factors impact host immune responses resulting in these divergent outcomes.

Videoconferencing Dysmorphia: The Impact on Self-perception and Desire for Cosmetic Procedures.

Objective: The authors sought to examine the association between the increased use of videoconferencing and image-enhancing software filters during the COVID-19 pandemic and the corresponding rise in interest in cosmetic procedures. We aimed to discern if heightened exposure to one's digital self-image correlates with a greater inclination toward cosmetic interventions.

Methods: In this cross-sectional questionnaire survey study, adult participants living in the United States were recruited on Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform.

Prospective Pilot Evaluation of the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Clindamycin Phosphate 1.2%/Adapalene 0.15%/Benzoyl Peroxide 3.1% Gel plus Clascoterone 1% Cream in Adult Patients with Acne.

Background: Acne vulgaris (acne) is a common disorder with a complex, multi-faceted pathophysiology. To date, there has not been a single topical treatment that targets all aspects of acne pathophysiology (ie, increased sebum production, presence of , inflammation, and follicular hyperkeratinization). As such, topical treatments need to be utilized in combination to target all four of the major recognized pathophysiologic components in acne lesion formation.

Fuel for thought: targeting metabolism in lung cancer.

For over a century, we have appreciated that the biochemical processes through which micro- and macronutrients are anabolized and catabolized-collectively referred to as "cellular metabolism"-are reprogrammed in malignancies. Cancer cells in lung tumors rewire pathways of nutrient acquisition and metabolism to meet the bioenergetic demands for unchecked proliferation. Advances in precision medicine have ushered in routine genotyping of patient lung tumors, enabling a deeper understanding of the contribution of altered metabolism to tumor biology and patient outcomes.

Consensus Recommendations for the Management of Neurosarcoidosis: A Delphi Survey of Experts Across the United States.

Background And Objectives: Neurosarcoidosis poses a diagnostic and management challenge due to its rarity, phenotypic variability, and lack of randomized controlled studies to guide treatment selection. Recommendations for management based on expert opinion are useful in clinical practice and provide a framework for designing prospective studies.

Methods: In this Delphi survey study, specialists with experience in managing patients with neurosarcoidosis were invited to anonymously complete 2 surveys about key elements of evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, and long-term management of neurosarcoidosis.

National Trends in Stroke Presentation, Treatments, and Outcomes During the First 2 Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background And Objectives: Early presentation and acute treatment for patients presenting with ischemic stroke are associated with improved outcomes. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a large decrease in patients presenting with ischemic stroke, but it is unknown whether these changes persisted.

Methods: This study analyzed emergency department (ED) stroke presentations (n = 158,060) to all nonfederal hospitals in the 50 states and Washington, D.

The Impact of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among UK Women: An Obesity-Adjusted Analysis.

Introduction: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is known to elevate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but the extent to which obesity and IIH-specific factors contribute to this risk is not well understood. WE aim to separate the effects of obesity from IIH-specific factors on the risk of stroke and CVD, building on previous findings that indicate a two-fold increase in cardiovascular events in women with IIH compared to BMI-matched controls.

Methods: An obesity-adjusted risk analysis was conducted using Indirect Standardization based on data from a cohort study by Adderley et al.

Pharmacological Enhancement of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Improves Behavioral Pattern Separation in Young and Aged Male Mice.

Background: Impairments in behavioral pattern separation (BPS)-the ability to distinguish between similar contexts or experiences-contribute to memory interference and overgeneralization seen in many neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, dementia, and age-related cognitive decline. Although BPS relies on the dentate gyrus and is sensitive to changes in adult hippocampal neurogenesis, its significance as a pharmacological target has not been tested.

Methods: In this study, we applied a human neural stem cell high-throughput screening cascade to identify compounds that increase human neurogenesis.

The CD123 antibody-drug conjugate pivekimab sunirine exerts profound activity in preclinical models of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) combining monoclonal antibodies with cytotoxic payloads are a rapidly emerging class of immune-based therapeutics with the potential to improve the treatment of cancer, including children with relapse/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). CD123, the α subunit of the interleukin-3 receptor, is overexpressed in ALL and is a potential therapeutic target. Here, we show that pivekimab sunirine (PVEK), a recently developed ADC comprising the CD123-targeting antibody, G4723A, and the cytotoxic payload, DGN549, was highly effective in vivo against a large panel of pediatric ALL patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models ( = 39).

Jansen metaphyseal chondrodysplasia: analysis of craniofacial manifestations.

Jansen metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC) is an ultra-rare disorder caused by constitutive activation of parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor (PTH1R). We sought to characterize the craniofacial phenotype of patients with the disease. Six patients with genetically confirmed JMC underwent comprehensive craniofacial phenotyping revealing a distinct facial appearance that prompted a cephalometric analysis demonstrating a pattern of mandibular retrognathia.

My Tablet's About to Go Dead! 5- to 6-year-old Children Adjust Their Cognitive Strategies Depending on Whether An External Resource is Reliably Available.

There are concerns that reliance on external resources (e.g., information on digital devices) may be harmful to our own internal memory.

Quantitative photoacoustic imaging using known chromophores as fluence marker.

Photoacoustic imaging offers optical contrast images of human tissue at acoustic resolution, making it valuable for diverse clinical applications. However, quantifying tissue composition via optical contrast remains challenging due to the unknown light fluence within the tissue. Here, we propose a method that leverages known chromophores (, arterial blood) to improve the accuracy of quantitative photoacoustic imaging.

Experiences of People With Type 1 Diabetes Using the iLet Bionic Pancreas in Primary Care: A Qualitative Analysis.

This qualitative substudy sought to identify and understand the experiences of primary care patients with type 1 diabetes using the iLet Bionic Pancreas (Beta Bionics, Inc.) during the first clinical trial testing the automated insulin delivery (AID) system in the primary care setting. Participants in that clinical trial completed a brief semi-structured interview after the trial's completion, during which they were asked questions related to their perceptions of and experiences with using the iLet AID system.

Development of a Paper-Based Disposal Thin-Film Solid-Phase Microextraction Tool for the Quantification of Environmentally Hazardous 4-Chlorophenol in Water.

The presence of chlorinated compounds in water resources presents various environmental and health risks. Therefore, there is a precise need to develop a potential technique for fast and efficient monitoring of chlorinated contaminants in water due to environmental protection and regulation compliance. Here, we designed a paper-based thin-film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME) patch to estimate 4-chlorophenol (4-CRP), a widely known environmentally hazardous pollutant in water samples.

Enhanced Stability and Sensitivity for CA-125 Detection Under Microfluidic Shear Flow Using Polyethylene Glycol-Coated Biosensor.

The microfluidic-based point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tool has garnered significant interest in recent years, offering rapid and cost-effective disease detection. There is a growing trend toward integrating microfluidic platforms with biosensors, aligning lab-on-a-chip technologies with POC diagnostic devices. Despite numerous efforts to incorporate biosensors into microfluidic systems, researchers have performed very limited investigations on the stability of biomarker detection when biosensors operate under microfluidic shear flow conditions.