In-vitro and in-vivo assessment of biocompatibility and efficacy of ostrich eggshell membrane combined with platelet-rich plasma in Achilles tendon regeneration.

Tendon injuries present significant medical, social, and economic challenges globally. Despite advancements in tendon injury repair techniques, outcomes remain suboptimal due to inferior tissue quality and functionality. Tissue engineering offers a promising avenue for tendon regeneration, with biocompatible scaffolds playing a crucial role.

3-year Outcomes of Botulinum Toxin versus Strabismus Surgery for the Treatment of Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia in Children.

Introduction: Botulinum toxin is an alternative to conventional strabismus surgery for treatment for acute, acquired, comitant esotropia (AACE). Previous studies suggest that the two treatment approaches may be equally effective for 6 months. The purpose of our study was to determine whether botulinum toxin remains as effective as strabismus surgery for 36 months after treatment.

A Guide to Pediatric Antibiotic Allergy Testing: A Report from the United States Drug Allergy Registry.

Pediatric antibiotic labels are common, and unnecessary antibiotic avoidance is associated with negative personal and public health outcomes; as a result, there is an increasing emphasis on the importance of pediatric antibiotic allergy evaluations. Different testing strategies have been advised, including skin testing and challenge testing with varied doses and duration. Established consensus testing protocols are lacking.

Sleep deprivation affects pain sensitivity by increasing oxidative stress and apoptosis in the medial prefrontal cortex of rats via the HDAC2-NRF2 pathway.

Sleep is crucial for sustaining normal physiological functions, and sleep deprivation has been associated with increased pain sensitivity. The histone deacetylases (HDACs) are known to significantly regulate in regulating neuropathic pain, but their involvement in nociceptive hypersensitivity during sleep deprivation is still not fully understood. Utilizing a modified multi-platform water environment technique to establish a sleep deprivation model.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of endovascular treatment of carotid blowout syndrome.

Unlabelled: Carotid Blowout Syndrome (CBS) is a rare and life-threatening condition that necessitates prompt intervention to prevent fatal hemorrhage. This study compares the outcomes of two primary endovascular approaches: reconstructive interventions, which aim to preserve carotid artery function using stents or balloon angioplasty, and deconstructive interventions, which involve vessel occlusion to halt bleeding. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by searching multiple databases for relevant studies published from January 2000 to August 2023.

Intraoperative FiO and risk of impaired postoperative oxygenation in lung resection: A propensity score-weighted analysis.

Study Objective: To assess whether, in a lung resection cohort with a low probability of confounding by indication, higher FiO is associated with an increased risk of impaired postoperative oxygenation - a clinical manifestation of lung injury/dysfunction.

Design: Pre-specified registry-based retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Two large academic hospitals in the United States.

Relationship of Time to First Therapy and Survival Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Versus Upfront Surgery Approach in Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Evidence demonstrating overall survival benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by surgical resection over upfront surgical resection for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been mixed. The time to first therapy (TTFT) variable has not been studied as a contributing factor.

Methods: A nationwide retrospective analysis using the National Cancer Database to evaluate patients with clinical stage T1 and T2 PDACs from 2010 to 2020.

Urinary Kidney Injury Biomarker Profiles in Healthy Individuals and After Nephrotoxic and Ischemic Injury.

Two observational studies were conducted to support an initiative to qualify translational kidney safety biomarkers as clinical drug development tools that identify tubular injury prior to changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Normal healthy volunteers provided three morning spot urine collections over 4 weeks. Patients undergoing surgical resection and intrathoracic cisplatin for malignant pleural mesothelioma provided urine samples pre- and postoperatively at 4, 8, and 12 hours and daily for 6 days.

Toward a Science of Emergence: Definitions, Prototypes, Principles and Applications.

Emergence as a phenomenon is embedded and expressed in the natural world, and in social systems. Introduced nearly 150 years ago in a philosophical context, it has since been applied in nearly every natural and social science. However all of these uses are not congruent, as the range of emergences in this Special Issue reflect as well; this has limited the accumulation of knowledge about emergence, as well as its development as a discipline.

Introduction to Emergence in Social Systems.

The articles in this special issue examine the contributions of Jeffrey A. Goldstein to the understanding of emergence as a formal group of processes. Applications include work teams, organizations, ecologies of organizations, and societies.

A Splice Site Variant in SENP7 Results in a Severe Form of Arthrogryposis.

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a heterogeneous disorder associated with 1/3000 to 1/5000 live births. We report a consanguineous family with multiple affected members with AMC and identified a recessive mutation in the highly conserved splice donor site, resulting in the mis-splicing of the affected exons. SENP7 is a deSUMOylase that is critical for sarcomere assembly and skeletal muscle contraction by regulating the transcriptional program in the skeletal muscle.

Lower ACLR Failure Rates in Bone-Soft Tissue Versus Soft Tissue-Only Allografts in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: While allografts are commonly used for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), evidence to guide specific allograft selection is lacking.

Purpose: To compare clinical and graft failure rates after ACLR using soft tissue-only allografts and bone-soft tissue allografts in adults.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4.

Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Evaluating the Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Knee Osteoarthritis: Adherence to Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopaedics.

Background: The Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopedics (MIBO) guidelines were developed in May 2017 to encourage improved reporting standards, promote increased transparency and reproducibility, and enhance clinical evaluation capabilities. The MIBO guidelines consist of 23 checklist items considered necessary to critically appraise clinical studies evaluating platelet-rich plasma (PRP).

Purpose: To assess randomized controlled trials that evaluated PRP for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in order to systematically review their adherence to the MIBO guidelines.

Fox Insight: Most Bothersome Symptoms in Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Limited evidence exists regarding the meaningfulness of symptoms experienced in early Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objectives: To identify the most bothersome symptoms experienced by people with early PD, leveraging data from the Parkinson's Disease Patient Report of Problems (PD-PROP) questionnaire within the Fox Insight Study.

Methods: Individuals with a self-reported diagnosis of PD completed the PD-PROP questionnaire, reporting up to five most bothersome symptoms.

Land Use Change Consistently Reduces α- But Not β- and γ-Diversity of Bees.

Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α-diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e.

The Adelaide Score: prospective implementation of an artificial intelligence system to improve hospital and cost efficiency.

Background: The Adelaide Score is an artificial intelligence system that integrates objective vital signs and laboratory tests to predict likelihood of hospital discharge.

Methods: A prospective implementation trial was conducted at the Lyell McEwin Hospital in South Australia. The Adelaide Score was added to existing human, artificial intelligence, and other technological infrastructure for the first 28 days of April 2024 (intervention), and outcomes were compared using parametric, non-parametric and health economic analyses, to those in the first 28 days of April 2023 (control).

Emerging Novel Combined CAR-NK Cell Therapies in Cancer Treatment: Finding a Dancing Partner.

In recent decades, immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) has revolutionized cancer treatment and given hope where other cancer therapies have failed. CAR-NK cells are NK cells that have been engineered ex vivo with a CAR on the cell membrane with high specificity for specific target antigens of tumor cells. The impressive results of several studies suggest that CAR-NK cell therapy has significant potential and successful performance in cancer treatment.

Association of serum chloride levels with all-cause mortality among patients in surgical intensive care units: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

This study explores the association between serum chloride concentrations and all-cause mortality among patients in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU). Employing a retrospective cohort design, the study utilized data extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database, specifically focusing on individuals admitted to the surgical/trauma ICUs. This dataset encompassed demographic profiles, laboratory findings, historical medical data, vital statistics, and variables pertinent to prognosis.

The Impact of Addiction Consultation and Medication for Opioid or Alcohol Use Disorder on Hospital Readmission.

Background: Patients with substance use disorder (SUD) are frequently hospitalized and readmitted. Hospitalization is an opportunity for treatment initiation, including medications for alcohol (MAUD) and opioid use disorder (MOUD). Addiction consult teams are one model for increasing hospital-based SUD treatment.

ZIC1 is a context-dependent medulloblastoma driver in the rhombic lip.

Transcription factors are frequent cancer driver genes, exhibiting noted specificity based on the precise cell of origin. We demonstrate that ZIC1 exhibits loss-of-function (LOF) somatic events in group 4 (G4) medulloblastoma through recurrent point mutations, subchromosomal deletions and mono-allelic epigenetic repression (60% of G4 medulloblastoma). In contrast, highly similar SHH medulloblastoma exhibits distinct and diametrically opposed gain-of-function mutations and copy number gains (20% of SHH medulloblastoma).

A review of deep learning for brain tumor analysis in MRI.

Recent progress in deep learning (DL) is producing a new generation of tools across numerous clinical applications. Within the analysis of brain tumors in magnetic resonance imaging, DL finds applications in tumor segmentation, quantification, and classification. It facilitates objective and reproducible measurements crucial for diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease monitoring.

Double resonance spectroscopy reveals structure and dynamics near transition states.

A shared ambition of molecular spectroscopy and molecular dynamics is to establish the truths of chemical intuition on solid physical bedrock. Experimental characterization of the transition state was thought unattainable, but modern techniques have begun to achieve the incredible.