Needs Assessment of Residents and Nurses for Interprofessional Cross-Cultural Curriculum.

Background: Clinicians must learn to care for patients from different cultures. They must also work in teams for optimal outcomes. Few studies have analysed the intersection of cross-cultural care and interprofessional education.

Zonulin as a Biomarker for the Development of Celiac Disease.

Objectives: Increased intestinal permeability seems to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including celiac disease (CeD). However, it is unknown whether increased permeability precedes CeD onset. This study's objective was to determine whether intestinal permeability is altered before celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA) in at-risk children.

Giving Literal Thanks: An ACGME-Sponsored Initiative to Bring Residents Back to the Bedside.

Resident burnout is at an all-time high. In response, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) developed the Back to Bedside grant for resident-led burnout interventions that increase the time residents spend with patients. We designed a resident-patient reading intervention, Giving Literal Thanks (GLT), intended to increase meaningful time residents spend with patients and thereby decrease burnout.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Metabolic Bone Disease.

Racial and ethnic disparities exist in the prevalence and management of osteoporosis, metastatic cancer, and sickle cell disease. Despite being the most common metabolic bone disease, osteoporosis remains underscreened and undertreated among Black women. Skeletal-related events in metastatic cancer include bone pain, pathologic fractures, and spinal cord compression.

Food Pantry Referral and Utilization in a Pediatric Primary Care Clinic.

Introduction: This study aimed to characterize progression from screening for food insecurity risk to on-site food pantry referral to food pantry utilization in pediatric primary care.

Methods: This retrospective study included 14,280 patients aged 0-21 years with ≥1 pediatric primary care visit from March 2018 to February 2020. Analyses were conducted in 2020-2022 using multivariable regression to examine patient-level demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic characteristics and systems-related factors associated with progression from screening positive for food insecurity risk to food pantry referral to completing ≥1 food pantry visit.

Spectral quantitative and semi-quantitative EEG provide complementary information on the life-long effects of early childhood malnutrition on cognitive decline.

Objective: This study compares the complementary information from semi-quantitative EEG (sqEEG) and spectral quantitative EEG (spectral-qEEG) to detect the life-long effects of early childhood malnutrition on the brain.

Methods: Resting-state EEGs ( = 202) from the Barbados Nutrition Study (BNS) were used to examine the effects of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) on childhood and middle adulthood outcomes. sqEEG analysis was performed on Grand Total EEG (GTE) protocol, and a single latent variable, the semi-quantitative Neurophysiological State (sqNPS) was extracted.

Comparison of O-specific polysaccharide responses in patients following infection with O139 versus vaccination with a bivalent (O1/O139) oral killed cholera vaccine in Bangladesh.

Cholera caused by O139 emerged in the early 1990s and spread rapidly to 11 Asian countries before receding for unclear reasons. Protection against cholera is serogroup-specific, which is defined by the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). O139 also expresses the OSP-capsule.

A Clinician's Guide to Gluten Challenge.

Gluten challenge is an essential clinical tool that involves reintroducing or increasing the amount of gluten in the diet to facilitate diagnostic testing in celiac disease (CD). Nevertheless, there is no consensus regarding the applications of gluten timing, dosing, and duration in children. This review aims to summarize the current evidence, discuss practical considerations, and proposes a clinical algorithm to help guide testing in pediatric patients.

Low Levels of Detectable Urine and Stool GIPs in Children with Celiac Disease on a Gluten-Free Diet.

Objectives: This study examines the prevalence of detectable gluten immunogenic peptides (GIPs) as a proxy for gluten exposure in children with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet in the United States, as estimated by gluten breakdown products excreted in urine and stool.

Methods: Urine and stool samples were collected in 3 settings (home, gastroenterology clinic, and endoscopy) for pediatric participants (ages 6-21 years old) across 2 medical centers. Commercial ELISA assays were used to quantify the GIPs in each sample.

A narrative review of psychiatric features of traumatic encephalopathy syndrome as conceptualized in the 20th century.

Introduction: Some ultra-high exposure boxers from the 20th century suffered from neurological problems characterized by slurred speech, personality changes (e.g., childishness or aggressiveness), and frank gait and coordination problems, with some noted to have progressive Parkinsonian-like signs.

"Alone in the dark": A qualitative study of treatment experiences among young adults with a recent concussion and anxiety.

Purpose: Young adults with anxiety are vulnerable to developing persistent symptoms following concussions. In order to develop psychosocial interventions to prevent persistent post-concussion symptoms, we need to understand patients' 1) experiences with treatments offered by health care providers; 2) experiences with attempted concussion management strategies; and 3) needs after their injury.

Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with 17 young adults with recent (≤ 10 weeks) concussions who have at least mild anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 ≥ 5).

Correlates of adolescent sole-, dual- and poly-use of cannabis, vaped nicotine, and combusted tobacco.

Background: Compared to single substance use, adolescents' use of multiple substances is associated with more severe dependence, cessation outcomes, and health risks. This study examined correlates of use and co-use of e-cigarettes, combusted tobacco, and cannabis among high school-aged (9th-12th grade, approximately aged 14-18) adolescents.

Methods: We analyzed the 2019 Massachusetts Youth Health Survey (MYHS) data to calculate the weighted means of any past 30-day sole-use of e-cigarettes, sole-use of combusted tobacco, sole-use of cannabis, dual-use of two of the above substances, and poly-use of all three substances.

Neighborhood Disadvantage and Clinical Outcome Following Concussion in Adolescents.

Whether social determinants of health are associated with clinical outcome following concussion among adolescents is not well established. The present study examined whether neighborhood-level determinants are associated with clinical recovery time following concussion in adolescents. Participants included adolescent student athletes ( = 130; mean age = 16.

Workforce Attrition Among Male and Female Physicians Working in US Academic Hospitals, 2014-2019.

Importance: Retaining female physicians in the academic health care workforce is necessary to serve the needs of sociodemographically diverse patient populations.

Objective: To investigate differences in rates of leaving academia between male and female physicians.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used Care Compare data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services for all physicians who billed Medicare from teaching hospitals from March 2014 to December 2019, excluding physicians who retired during the study period.

Race, ethnicity, and clinical outcome following sport-related concussion: a systematic review.

Introduction: This systematic review examined whether race or ethnicity are associated with clinical outcomes (e.g., time to return to school/sports, symptom duration, vestibular deficits, and neurocognitive functioning) following sport-related concussion among child, adolescent, or college-aged student athletes.

Injury-related emergency department visits and unplanned readmissions are associated with worse long-term mental and physical health.

Background: The risk factors for unplanned emergency department (ED) visits and readmission after injury and the impact of these unplanned visits on long-term outcomes are not well understood. We aim to: 1) describe the incidence of and risk factors for injury-related ED visits and unplanned readmissions following injury and, 2) explore the relationship between these unplanned visits and mental and physical health outcomes 6-12 months post-injury.

Methods: Trauma patients with moderate-to-severe injury admitted to one of three Level-I trauma centers were asked to complete a phone survey to assess mental and physical health outcomes at 6-12 months.

A case-control study of tackle based head impact event (HIE) risk factors from the first three seasons of the National Rugby League Women's competition.

Objective: The tackle is the most injurious event in rugby league and carries the greatest risk of concussion. This study aims to replicate previous research conducted in professional men's rugby league by examining the association between selected tackle characteristics and head impact events (HIEs) in women's professional rugby league.

Methods: We reviewed and coded 83 tackles resulting in an HIE and every tackle (6,318 tackles) that did not result in an HIE for three seasons (2018-2020) of the National Rugby League Women's (NRLW) competition.

Amsterdam 2022 process: A summary of the methodology for the Amsterdam International Consensus on Concussion in Sport.

The purpose of this paper is to summarise the consensus methodology that was used to inform the International Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport (Amsterdam 2022). Building on a Delphi process to inform the questions and outcomes from the 5th International Conference on Concussion in Sport, the Scientific Committee identified key questions, the answers to which would help encapsulate the current science in sport-related concussion and help guide clinical practice. Over 3½ years, delayed by 2 years due to the pandemic, author groups conducted systematic reviews on each selected topic.