Regulatory effects of resveratrol on nitric oxide signaling in cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular illnesses are multifactorial disorders and represent the primary reasons for death worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. As a signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO) is extremely permeable across cellular membranes owing to its unique molecular features, like its small molecular size, lipophilicity, and free radical properties. Some of the biological effects of NO are vasodilation, inhibition in the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, and functional regulation of cardiac cells.

Stress-induced cardiomyopathy by dobutamine stress echocardiography during recovery stage - A rare presentation.

Unlabelled: Stress-induced cardiomyopathy is a condition of acute myocardial suppression following an abrupt release of endogenous catecholamines after emotional or physical stress. The exact mechanism is unknown but there are reports of a similar clinical presentation after injection of exogenous catecholamines such as beta agonists. We report a rare type of stress-induced cardiomyopathy following injection of dobutamine during a diagnostic stress echocardiography.

Marital status and risk of type 2 diabetes among middle-aged and elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Marital status is among the factors influencing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the precise relationship remains incompletely understood. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between marital status and the incidence of T2DM.

The Migration of an Intrauterine Device in the Bladder of an Asymptomatic Woman: A Case Report.

Background: The use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) for contraception has increased in many countries. However, their application has some serious complications such as uterine perforation and injury to adjacent organs. The translocated IUD into the bladder is a very rare occurrence.

Comparison of biomechanical indices measured by ocular response analyzer between children and elderly: a systematic review.

Biomechanical study of the visual system by ocular response analyzer investigates the inter-structural biological relationships, mechanics, and function of the visual system. This review aimed to investigate the changes in corneal biomechanical parameters with age and sex. The articles published in PubMed between 2000 and 2021 were investigated and critiqued, and valid scientific evidence was collected, reviewed and concluded according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Effectiveness of exercise on sarcopenia in HIV patients: a systematic review of current literature.

Exercise is vital in managing sarcopenia in people living with HIV (PLWH). This study explores the role of exercise in reducing sarcopenia in HIV patients. A systematic search of electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identifed relevant articles published in English up to April 2024.

The long-term and post-prandial effects of berry consumption on endothelial dysfunction in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the long-term and post-prandial effects of berry consumption on endothelial dysfunction (ED) in adults. To identify relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs), a systematic search was run and studies that examined the effects of berries consumption on ED markers were included. A total of 45 RCTs were included, focusing on markers such as flow-mediated dilation (FMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) and total peripheral resistance (TPR).

Investigating the effectiveness of ailurophobia treatment using virtual reality technique compared to metacognitive therapy: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Fear of cats as a specific phobia disorder can cause disruption in some aspects of the affected people's lives. On the other hand, due to the fact that the two approaches of metacognitive treatment and behavioral therapy methods such as virtual reality are considered common treatment methods in anxiety disorders; It seems that it is necessary to examine the two approaches based on the effectiveness, durability and cost-benefit issue to present and introduce to therapists.

Methods: The present study was a Randomized Clinical Trial study that was conducted on 28 patients with Ailurophobia.

Investigating the role of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) during pandemics: COVID-19 as an example.

Background And Objective: The coronavirus pandemic, with a wide range of clinical manifestations, is considered a serious emergency in increasing anxiety for vulnerable groups of young people such as students. The purpose of this study is to look into how COVID-19 affects depression and anxiety in students at Damghan University. It also aims to determine how non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI) education affects COVID-19 anxiety and related aspects.

TLR/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways as a main target in frailty, cachexia and sarcopenia.

Mobility disability is a common condition affecting older adults, making walking and the performance of activities of daily living difficult. Frailty, cachexia and sarcopenia are related conditions that occur with advancing age and are characterized by a decline in muscle mass, strength, and functionality that negatively impacts health. Chronic low-grade inflammation is a significant factor in the onset and progression of these conditions.

Construction of a stromal-related prognostic model in acute myeloid leukemia by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Stromal cells play a pivotal role in the tumor microenvironment (TME), significantly impacting the progression of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study sought to develop a stromal-related prognostic model for AML, aiming to uncover novel prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.

Methods: RNA expression data and clinical profiles of AML patients were retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Game-based telerehabilitation in neurological disorders: a systematic review of features, opportunities and challenges.

This study explores the integration of telerehabilitation, virtual reality, and serious games technologies in addressing physical disabilities. Specifically, it focuses on game-based telerehabilitation for patients with stroke, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis undergoing home-based rehabilitation. Utilising the PICO approach, a search in Scopus and PubMed until February 21st, 2024, identified 31 relevant English articles out of 258 initially considered.

Reliability, validity, responsiveness and minimal important changes of common clinical standing balance tests in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Standing balance is essential for physical functioning. Therefore, improving balance control is a key priority in the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA), underscoring the importance of accurately assessing standing balance.

Purpose: To assess reliability, construct validity and responsiveness of common clinical balance tests, including Step Test, Single-Leg Stance Test, and Functional Reach Test, in patients with knee OA.

Association of diet quality scores with risk of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in Iranian population: a nested case-control study.

Background And Aim: A healthy diet has been recommended for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aim to investigate the associations of diet quality indices with the risk of developingmetabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Methods: We conducted this nested case-control study by recruiting 968 cases with MAFLD and 964 controls from the participants of the baseline phase of the Sabzevar Persian Cohort Study (SPCS).

Neurobrucellosis: a retrospective cohort of 106 patients.

Background: Neurobrucellosis, a serious central nervous system infection caused by Brucella species, presents significant challenges due to its diverse clinical manifestations and the risk of long-term complications and poor outcomes. Identifying predictors of adverse outcomes is critical for improving patient management and overall prognosis.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term morbidity and mortality associated with neurobrucellosis and to identify key predictors of adverse outcomes.

Urban and rural residence: their influence on food group consumption in Iran.

Background: Urbanization is expanding in Iran, leading to the emergence of three distinct socio-geographical areas: urban, rural, and suburban areas. These different areas may exhibit significant variations in dietary patterns. This study investigates the association between people's place of residence and their consumption of different food groups.

Smart release injectable hydrogel co-loaded with liposomal combretastatin A4 and doxorubicin nanogel for local combinational drug delivery: A preclinical study.

Surgical resection and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy have enhanced the outlook for breast cancer patients. However, tumor relapse and serious side effects of chemotherapy continue to impact patients' quality of life. Designing injectable composite hydrogel made of biodegradable polymers providing sustained release of antiangiogenic and chemotherapeutic agents might play a vital role in elimination of cancer cells.

Ranolazine effectively improves clinical symptoms in patients with slow flow coronary arteries: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

The coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSF) causes persistent chest pains that can affect patients' quality of life. We aimed to examine the ranolazine impacts on clinical symptoms in CSF patients. The present randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial consisted of 44 patients with CSF.

Piperine relieves neuropathic pain induced by paclitaxel in mice.

Piperine is an amide alkaloid isolated from the black pepper plant. This study examined the pain‑relieving activity of piperine against paclitaxel (PTX)‑induced neuropathy. Male mice were divided into 6 groups: Sham‑operated group (remained intact), PTX group (PTX‑treated mice receiving normal saline), PTX+ piperine 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg groups (PTX‑treated mice receiving piperine) and positive control group (PTX‑treated mice receiving imipramine 10 mg/kg).

Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of LPS‑induced memory impairment.

In recent years, growing evidence suggests that lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial endotoxin found in the outer membrane of gram‑negative bacteria, can influence cognitive functions, particularly memory formation and retrieval. However, the underlying mechanisms through which LPS exerts its effects on memory remain incompletely understood. This review used various electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify relevant studies published between 2000 and 2024.

Effect of Fibrates on Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2 Mass and Activity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials.

Background: In vascular tissue, macrophages and inflammatory cells produce the enzyme lipoprotein- associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). Treatment with fibrates decreases Lp-PLA2 levels in individuals with obesity and metabolic syndrome; however, these findings have not been fully clarified.

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the possible effects of fibrate therapy on Lp-PLA2 mass and activity through a meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Effect of induced astigmatism on vestibulo-ocular reflex.

Clinical Relevance: The vestibular-ocular reflex stabilises the retinal image and maintains balance during head movement. Astigmatism is one of the common refractive errors that can reduce the quality of visual inputs.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of induced astigmatism on the function of the vestibular-ocular reflex.

Assessment of the relationship between thinking styles and learning styles with academic performance in medical and nursing students of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences.

Background: Learning and studying approaches are among the topics of great importance in medical sciences universities. Different approaches to learning can explain why some students learn better than others. This study aims to assess the relationship between learning or thinking styles and academic performance among nursing and medical students.

Association of age at menopause with type 2 diabetes mellitus in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The onset of menopause usually occurs between the ages of 48 and 52, leading to diverse symptoms in various body systems due to a decrease in estrogen level. Visceral obesity and diminished estrogen level during the menopausal phase are associated with unfavorable metabolic changes, resulting in insulin resistance and increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Owing to the increase in the incidence and prevalence of T2DM in recent decades, it is important to identify predisposing factor such as menopausal age to improve T2DM prevention and management.

Liver Transplant Outcome in Chanarin-Dorfman Syndrome: A Rare Lipid Storage Disease.

Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome is a multisystem inherited metabolic disorder characterized by congenital ichthyosis and lipid droplet accumulation in various organs, including the liver, muscles, and skin. The accumulation of lipids in the liver can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we present a 17-year-old girl who underwent a deceased donor liver transplant to treat uncompensated cirrhosis due to Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome.