The Effectiveness of Cefazolin Prophylaxis on Infection after Transureteral Lithotripsy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Transureteral lithotripsy (TUL) is one of the most common surgeries in urology, and many TUL procedures have been performed with antibiotics prophylaxis. The present study investigates the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on the rate of urinary infection after TUL.

Methods: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 158 patients with ureteral stones, with 79 in each group: the prophylaxis cefazolin group (Group A) and the placebo group (Group B).

The association among calorie, macronutrient, and micronutrient intake with colorectal cancer: A case-control study.

The risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) can be influenced by dietary components. This study aims to investigate the association between dietary intake and CRC in Iranian adults. This hospital-based case-control study was performed on 160 patients with CRC and 320 healthy people.

The association between fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) genotype and serum vitamin D level in breast cancer patients.

The preventive effect of vitamin D against breast cancer can be influenced by gene polymorphisms. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum level of 25(OH) vitamin D and FTO genotype in breast cancer patients. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 180 newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer in Tehran, Iran.

The factors affecting academic burnout in medical students of Mashahd University of Medical Sciences in 2013-2015.

Introduction: Academic burnout is one of the issues involving the educational systems at all levels, which wastes the human resources and expenditures. Academic burnout refers to the sense of exhaustion due to educational requirements, the sense of cynicism and indifference, and the sense of lack of competence. Considering the fact that burnout has already been studied in different professions and in cultures different from that of ours, there is a need to identify these factors among the Iranian medical students and accordingly propose some strategies to reduce burnout symptoms among these students.

Chlorambucil-Chitosan Nano-Conjugate: An Efficient Agent Against Breast Cancer Targeted Therapy.

Background: Discovering new chemotherapy drugs and techniques with the least side effects is one of the most important and challenging issues in recent years worldwide. Chlorambucil is an anticancer drug that is still commonly used as a primary treatment in treating some cancers, but it can cause side effects.

Objective: In this study, we decided to use chitosan as a carrier to enhance the uptake of chlorambucil and reduce the toxicity of this drug.

Increased Expression of Gankyrin and Stemness Factor Oct-4 are Associated with Unfavorable Clinical Outcomes and Poor Benefit of Tamoxifen in Breast Carcinoma Patients.

Tamoxifen is the most important treatment component in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast carcinoma patients. Tamoxifen resistance incidence presents an important obstacle in clinical treatment. Mechanisms underlying tamoxifen refractory are not completely understood.

Efficacy of duloxetine and gabapentin in pain reduction in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common form of arthritis in elders which can lead to reduced daily activity and quality of life. It is important to administer a proper treatment with high efficacy and low side effects. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of duloxetine and gabapentin in patients with moderate to severe knee OA.

Expression and clinicopathological significance of DNA methyltransferase 1, 3A and 3B in tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients.

Progression of tamoxifen resistance remained as a crucial obstacle to treatment of estrogen receptor positive breast carcinoma patients. Recent studies demonstrated the importance of DNA methylation pattern on tamoxifen refractory. This study aimed to investigate the protein expression pattern and clinicopathological significance of DNA methyltransferase 1, 3A and 3B, as leading factors in regulation of DNA methylation process, in breast carcinoma patients with adjuvant tamoxifen therapy.

Relationship between maternal periodontal disease and low birth weight babies.

Background: Periodontal infections, which serve as a reservoir of inflammatory mediators, may pose a threat to the fetal-placental unit and cause adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: The aim of this study was assessing the periodontal status of women during puerperium and determining the possible relationship between their periodontal disease and low birth weight delivery.

Materials And Methods: This was a case-control study.