Mutual oligosynaptic inhibition of group Ia afferents between the anterior and posterior parts of the deltoid in humans.

The anterior (DA) and posterior parts of the deltoid (DP) show alternating contraction during shoulder flexion and extension movements. It is expected that an inhibitory spinal reflex between the DA and DP exists. In this study, spinal reflexes between the DA and DP were examined in healthy human subjects using post-stimulus time histogram (PSTH) and electromyogram averaging (EMG-A).

Cytomorphological features of sebaceous carcinoma of the breast.

Sebaceous carcinoma of the breast is an extremely rare histological subtype of breast cancer, with fewer than 30 cases reported to date. Because of its extremely rare histological presentation, there are few case reports that highlight its cytological findings. In this case report, the cytomorphological features of a sebaceous carcinoma of the breast are described in detail.

Predominance of T-bet-positive Th1 cells in infiltrating T-lymphocytes in most of active arteritis lesions of giant cell arteritis.

Immunological mechanisms through the activation of CD4-positive T-cells have been assumed to be involved in the pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis (GCA). Many studies employing frozen tissues of temporal artery biopsy, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and plasma of GCA patients have revealed the contribution of interferon-γ and interleukin-17 in both protein and mRNA levels. However, the analyses using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens, in which the correlation between histopathologic pictures and immunological circumstances would be elucidated, have been limited.

Incidence and preventive treatment for deep vein thrombosis with our own preventive protocol in total hip and knee arthroplasty.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the perioperative and postoperative incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and validate the effectiveness of our own preventive treatment protocol for venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurrence in lower extremity arthroplasty patients. The subjects were 1,054 patients (mean age: 74.3 years) who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) at our institutions between April 2014 and March 2017.

Short-term clinical outcomes of primary total knee arthroplasty with a new-type kinematic retaining implant: A comparison with preexisting cruciate retaining prosthesis.

Despite the success of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), current implant designs could not consistently restore the physiological knee kinematics, especially in cruciate-retaining (CR) implants. This study aimed to investigate the short-term clinical outcomes, particularly patient satisfaction, of primary TKA employing a new-type kinematic retaining (KR) implant. We analyzed 149 cases applied the KR implant at our institutions during June 2017 to May 2019.

Histological transformation to signet-ring cell carcinoma in a patient with clinically aggressive poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon after response to chemotherapy plus cetuximab: a case report.

Background: Alteration of chemosensitivity or tumor aggressiveness in response to chemotherapy has been reported, and liquid biopsy assessment during chemotherapy for colorectal cancers has confirmed the acquisition of mutations in various oncogenes. However, the occurrence of histological transformation seems to be extremely rare in colorectal cancers, and the few existing case reports of this transformation are from lung cancer and breast cancer. In this report, we describe the histological transformation of clinically aggressive scirrhous-type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon to signet-ring cell carcinoma in almost all recurrent tumors that were confirmed by autopsy after response to chemotherapy plus cetuximab.

Relationship between Stress Shielding and Optimal Femoral Canal Contact Regions for Short, Tapered-Wedge Stem Analyzed by 2D and 3D Systems in Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Although tapered-wedge short stem has been widely employed with its availability for minimally invasive surgeries in total hip arthroplasty (THA), post-operative stress shielding matter remains unresolved in cementless procedures. This study aimed to clarify the most optimal femoral canal contact regions of the stem design taking stress shielding incidence into consideration. This investigation included 60 joints from 60 patients (mean age at operation: 65.

Bystander CD8 + T cells may be involved in the acute phase of diffuse alveolar damage.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious complication of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is a histological manifestation of ARDS. Endothelial cell injury is mainly responsible for ARDS. Many neutrophils and macrophages/monocytes, which are inflammatory cells that play a role in innate immunity, infiltrate the lung tissue in DAD.

Monosynaptic facilitation of flexor digitorum superficialis motoneurons mediated by Group Ia afferents from the extensor carpi radialis in humans.

Wrist position is known to affect the grip strength. We focused on the spinal reflex arc, which would support the movement, and investigated the effects of low-threshold afferents from the extensor carpi radialis (ECR) on the excitability of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) motoneurons using the post-stimulus time-histogram (PSTH) and electromyogram-averaging (EMG-A) methods. Electrical conditioning stimulation of an intensity below the motor threshold was applied to the radial nerve branch innervating the ECR.

Current Methods in the Study of Nanomaterials for Bone Regeneration.

Nanomaterials show great promise as bone regeneration materials. They can be used as fillers to strengthen bone regeneration scaffolds, or employed in their natural form as carriers for drug delivery systems. A variety of experiments have been conducted to evaluate the osteogenic potential of bone regeneration materials.

Monosynaptic facilitation mediated by group Ia afferents from deltoid to biceps brachii motoneurons in humans.

Effects of low-threshold afferents from the anterior (DA), middle (DM) and posterior parts of the deltoid (DP) on the excitability of biceps brachii (BB) motoneurons in humans were studied. We evaluated the effects on individual motor units and motoneuron pool using a post-stimulus time-histogram (PSTH) and an electromyogram-averaging (EMG-A) methods, respectively, in 11 healthy human subjects. Electrical conditioning stimulation was delivered to the axillary nerve branch innervating DA (DA nerve), DM (DM nerve) and DP (DP nerve) with the intensity below the motor threshold.

Opponensplasty using the extensor indicis proprius tendon for severe carpal tunnel syndrome in 40 patients.

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical results after extensor indicis proprius opponensplasty in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and severe thenar muscle atrophy. Forty patients who underwent this procedure during open carpal tunnel releases. The mean follow-up period was 17 months (range 10 to 36).

Pseudohypoxic brain swelling and secondary hydrocephalus with pseudomeningocele after lumbar surgery: a case report.

Background: Postoperative intracranial complications are rare in spine surgery not including cranial procedures. We describe an uncommon case of pseudohypoxic brain swelling (PHBS) and secondary hydrocephalus after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) presenting as impaired consciousness and repeated seizures.

Case Presentation: A 65-year-old man underwent L4-5 TLIF for lumbar spondylolisthesis and began experiencing generalized seizures immediately postoperatively.

Vibration decreases the responsiveness of Ia afferents and spinal motoneurons in humans.

After vibration, Hoffmann reflex (H reflex) amplitude is depressed; however, the mechanisms underlying these phenomena remain unknown. This study investigated the influence of frequency and duration of vibration on the H reflex amplitude, heteronymous facilitation of the tendon jerk (T wave) mediated by group Ia afferents, and cervicomedullary motor evoked potential (CMEP) amplitude in 18 healthy human subjects. The H reflex of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) was induced by median nerve stimulation at the elbow, and the conditioning FCR stimulation enhanced the T wave of the biceps brachii (BB).

Short- to Mid-Term Clinical Outcomes of Posterior-Stabilized Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty with Trabecular Metal Components.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the short- to mid-term clinical results of posterior-stabilized trabecular metal total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with cementless fixation of all components and investigate the radiographic changes of tibial and patellar components and cut bone surfaces over time.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the data of 128 knees from 88 consecutive patients who had undergone initial TKA with NexGen LPS-Flex TM implants. A total of 66 knees from 45 patients (mean ± standard deviation age: 70.

Evaluation of MC3T3-E1 Cell Osteogenesis in Different Cell Culture Media.

Many biomaterials have been evaluated using cultured cells. In particular, osteoblast-like cells are often used to evaluate the osteocompatibility, hard-tissue-regeneration, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive characteristics of biomaterials. However, the evaluation of biomaterial osteogenesis-inducing capacity using osteoblast-like cells is not standardized; instead, it is performed under laboratory-specific culture conditions with different culture media.

Diagnostic imaging guide for autoimmune pancreatitis.

The International Consensus Diagnosis Criteria for autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) has been published internationally for the diagnosis of AIP. However, since the revisions in 2006 and 2011, the Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Autoimmune Pancreatitis 2018 have been published. The criteria were revised based the Clinical Diagnostic Criteria 2011, and included descriptions of characteristic imaging findings such as (1) pancreatic enlargement and (2) distinctive narrowing of the main pancreatic duct.