The effect of growth hormone on motor findings and dendrite morphology in an experimental Parkinson's disease model.

Approaches for the induction of neurogenesis and neuronal recovery through several modalities are gaining popularity in Parkinson's disease (PD). Growth hormone (GH) seems to have a role in the reversal of neural function following brain injury as well as in normal brain development and function; therefore, the use of GH may represent a feasible strategy in the management of PD. This experimental study aimed to evaluate the effect of growth hormone on motor function and dendrite morphology in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD model.

Overlapping repair and epitenon healing are more stable biomechanically than side to side repair and endotenon healing in achilles tendon lengthening with Z plasty.

Background: The current study aimed to compare biomechanical stability and healing process of side-to-side repair with overlapping repair after Achilles tendon lengthening with Z-plasty.

Methods: In our study, 22 Sprague Dawley male rats were used. Side-to-side repairs were classified as group 1 and overlapping repairs as group 2.

Severe Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction Treated with Ruxolitinib and Plasma Exchange.

Introduction: Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is a rare but extremely mortal condition. Even small quantities of ABO-incompatible erythrocytes, as much as 50 mL, can lead to fatality. Since there is no successful standard therapy, preventive measures are very important.

[In Vitro Activities of Antimicrobials Against Toxigenic Clostridioides difficile Isolates Obtained in a University Training and Research Hospital in Turkey].

Clostridioides difficile, a gram-positive, anaerobic, spore forming bacillus known as Clostridium difficile according to the previous taxonomy, is the most important agent of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. C.difficile infections have become a major health problem for many countries.

Factors associated with physicians' assessment and management of child abuse and neglect: A mixed method study.

Physicians are a professional group that is highly likely to encounter abused or at-risk children. The aim of this study is to investigate physicians' experiences with abuse cases, their evaluations of abuse risk factors, and their attitudes toward becoming more educated on the subject. One-hundred-sixty-four family physicians at family health centers and public health centers completed a questionnaire, and a group of residents at a university training and research hospital were interviewed in a semi-structured format.

Criteria sets for primary Sjogren's syndrome are not adequate for those presenting with extraglandular organ involvements as their dominant clinical features.

Patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) may go undiagnosed or be misclassified due to the insidious nature and wide spectrum of the disease. The available several classification criteria emphasize glandular findings. We aimed to analyze the efficiency of various classification criteria sets in patients diagnosed on the clinical basis by expert opinion and to compare those pSS patients who fulfilled these criteria with those who did not.

Accessory lower limb associated with spina bifida: case report.

Purpose: Heterotopic redundancies, such as an accessory limb associated with spina bifida, are extremely rare anomalies. There are 12 cases of accessory limb associated with spinal bifida in literature. This report aims a detailed description of the additional case and an analysis of the findings in light.

Towards a specific approach to education in dental ethics: a proposal for organising the topics of biomedical ethics for dental education.

Understanding dental ethics as a field separate from its much better known counterpart, medical ethics, is a relatively new, but necessary approach in bioethics. This need is particularly felt in dental education and establishing a curriculum specifically for dental ethics is a challenging task. Although certain topics such as informed consent and patient rights can be considered to be of equal importance in both fields, a number of ethical issues in dental practice are only remotely-if at all-relevant for medical practice.

[Morphotyping, genotyping and investigation of some virulence factors in different morphotypes of Candida parapsilosis clinical isolates].

In recent years there is an increase in frequency of systemic candidiasis cases caused by Candida parapsilosis. However there isn't any standardized genotyping method to be used in epidemiology of those infections. In this study we aimed to determine utility of morphotyping instead of genotyping to study the epidemiology of 53 C.

[Neonatal Candida infections and the antifungal susceptibilities of the related Candida species].

Among nosocomial infections in the newborns, the incidence of fungal infections has been rising over the last decades. Fluconazole has been a new option for treatment however, expanded use of the drug brought up the development of resistance. In this study, species of the Candida isolates from neonates with candida infections, their antifungal susceptibilities and the effectiveness of the therapy were evaluated.

[Pulmonary vasoreactivity testing in diagnosis and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension].

Right heart catheterization (RHC) is required for confirmation of the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and to asses the prognosis and etiology. Pulmonary vasoreactivity testing (PVT) is one of the most crucial parts of RHC especially in the suitable patient subsets of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) defined by the most recent guidelines. PVT has substantial importance in defining the most appropriate treatment modality.

[Echocardiography and other imaging modalities in pulmonary arterial hypertension].

It is essential to diagnose pulmonary arterial hypertension in early stages of the disease. However, most patients have late diagnosis due to the lack of disease-specific symptoms and prominent findings. Although cardiac catheterization is the gold standard in the diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension, noninvasive diagnostic modalities do also have major roles in the diagnosis, risk assessment and follow-up of the patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

[Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy].

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare disease characterized by the persistence of thromboemboli obstructing the pulmonary arteries as an organized tissue. The consequence is an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance resulting in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and progressive right heart failure. Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) is the treatment of choice of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease.

[Trends in antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolates: four years follow up].

This study was aimed to follow up the antibiotic resistance trends in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolated from clinical specimens between 2003-2006 at Marmara University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Antibiotic susceptibilities were performed by disk diffusion method, and penicillin susceptibility was determined by E-test (AB Biodisk, Sweden). Results were evaluated by CLSI standards.

[Mating types, sexual reproduction and ploidy in fungi: effects on virulence].

Sexual reproduction provides natural selection and adaptation of the organisms to environmental conditions by allowing benefical mutations to spread and by diluting deleterious mutations. In recent years new findings which indicate the role of sexual reproduction in fungal pathogenicity, have been obtained. However, the pathogenic fungi limit their sexual cycles to generate clonal populations instead of recombinants, to enable themselves to adapt to the new conditions in the environment and in the host such as antimicrobial therapy.

[Correlation of basic motor skills with arthroscopic experience].

Objectives: One of the methods in motor skill teaching is to furnish the students with the individual skills drawn from the target procedure. This method requires identification and defining of all components of the target procedure. This study aimed to define basic motor skills composing arthroscopic skillfulness.

[Approach to cartilage lesions and algorithm for treatment].

Cartilage symptoms in the knee may be encountered in various forms in orthopedic practice. The first stage from history to treatment is to establish the diagnosis; if the diagnosis is made as a cartilage lesion in the knee, priority must be given to current treatment approaches. The surgeon must provide information regarding etiology, defect thickness, lesion size, the containment of cartilage, localization, stability, meniscal integrity, anatomic alignment of the knee, previous assessments, radiological assessment (direct radiography, magnetic resonance imaging), and general, medical, and systemic conditions, and family history.

Patient's perspective: an important issue not to be overlooked in assessing acne severity.

Acne has significant negative effects on an individual's psychosocial functions. There is not always a correlation between the severity of acne and its impact on quality of life. Our objective was to evaluate the correlation between quality of life scales and both the physician's and patient's assessments of acne severity and to find out which quality of life scale is more sensitive to changes in acne severity by using generic and acne specific scales.

[Thromboelastography and its use in cardiac surgery].

Thromboelastography is an alternative method to conventional coagulation tests for the general evaluation of hemostatic system. Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is accomplished by complex alterations of hemostasis, including acquired dysfunction of platelets, consumption coagulopathy and increased fibrinolysis. Despite major advances in blood conservation methods and perioperative care of the patients, transfusion rates in cardiac surgery remain high.

[Investigation of some virulence factors of Trichosporon asahii strains isolated from the clinical samples of hospitalized patients].

In this study, acid proteinase, phospholipase and esterase activities, slime production and hydrophobic properties of a total of 48 Trichosporon asahii strains isolated from urine (43), peritoneal fluid (1), tongue swab sample (1), blood (1), nephrostomy (1) and one saprophyte strain from nail sample, were investigated. In none of the 48 strains, acid proteinase and phospholipase activities could be detected, while all were found to be esterase positive. In hydrocarbon assay performed with n-hexadecane, four strains exhibited moderate hydrophobicity, while 43 strains showed low level hydrophobicity and one strain was found to be negative.

[Immigrations to Anatolia, related public health problems and healthcare services in the beginning of the Twentieth Century].

Anatolia, one of the most important crossroads between two continents, has witnessed so many immigrations throughout the history. It is a place where different civilizations and cultures met and transformed each other by interaction. History of important immigrations to Anatolia during the reign of the Ottoman Empire goes back to 1683.

[Enzyme activities of dermatophytes isolated from different clinical samples by ApiZYM method].

Dermatophytes' enzymes may have a role in chronic superficial infections. In this study it was planned to investigate the possible relationship between the enzymatic activities of the dermatophytes and acute or chronic course of the infections. Dermatophytes were isolated from 58 (72%) out of 81 patients with superficial infections.

[Comparison of antimicrobial resistance patterns of enterotoxin gene positive and negative Bacteroides fragilis isolates].

Some of the Bacteroides fragilis strains produce enterotoxin named fragilysin which is accepted as a virulence factor. In this study, the presence of enterotoxin genes (bft) in clinical B. fragilis strains has been investigated and the antimicrobial resistance patterns of bft positive and negative isolates have been compared.

[Shoulder instability in athletes: principles of diagnosis and treatment].

Shoulder complaints are one of the leading reasons for a doctor's visit in athletes involved in overhead activities, and among them, dislocation and subluxation are very frequent clinical presentations. Although diagnosis and management of shoulder problems are more clear-cut in traumatic cases, atraumatic cases may be quite troublesome. In order to facilitate the interval between the presentation of complaints and institution of appropriate treatment, many issues should be appreciated including the anatomy, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical evaluation, and treatment of shoulder disorders.

[Lesions of the superior labrum anterior-posterior and biceps tendon].

Biomechanical studies have shown that the biceps tendon and the superior labrum have significant contributions to the glenohumeral stability. Since superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions pose diagnostic difficulties, they should be kept in mind when evaluating a painful shoulder. Although magnetic resonance arthrography is of great use in diagnostic studies, diagnostic arthroscopy is still the best method for these lesions.