Carbonate compensation depth drives abyssal biogeography in the northeast Pacific.

Abyssal seafloor communities cover more than 60% of Earth's surface. Despite their great size, abyssal plains extend across modest environmental gradients compared to other marine ecosystems. However, little is known about the patterns and processes regulating biodiversity or potentially delimiting biogeographical boundaries at regional scales in the abyss.

Effects of Various LED Light Spectra on Growth, Gonadal Development, and Growth-/Reproduction-Related Hormones in the Juvenile Red Spotted Grouper, .

The light spectrum is a key environmental cue involved in growth and reproduction in teleosts. This study investigated the effects of exposure on juvenile red spotted grouper exposed to white (control), red (590 nm), blue (480 nm), and green (520 nm) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) (12 h light:12 h dark) for two months. The body weight (BW), total length (TL), condition factor (CF), weight gain rate (WGR), gonadosomatic index (GSI), and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were assessed.

A marine protected area network does not confer community structure resilience to a marine heatwave across coastal ecosystems.

Marine protected areas (MPAs) have gained attention as a conservation tool for enhancing ecosystem resilience to climate change. However, empirical evidence explicitly linking MPAs to enhanced ecological resilience is limited and mixed. To better understand whether MPAs can buffer climate impacts, we tested the resistance and recovery of marine communities to the 2014-2016 Northeast Pacific heatwave in the largest scientifically designed MPA network in the world off the coast of California, United States.

Diversity-stability relationships across organism groups and ecosystem types become decoupled across spatial scales.

The relationship between biodiversity and stability, or its inverse, temporal variability, is multidimensional and complex. Temporal variability in aggregate properties, like total biomass or abundance, is typically lower in communities with higher species diversity (i.e.

Bio-physical determinants of sediment accumulation on an offshore coral reef: A snapshot study.

Sediments are found on all coral reefs around the globe. However, the amount of sediment in different reservoirs, and the rates at which sediments move between reservoirs, can shape the biological functioning of coral reefs. Unfortunately, relatively few studies have examined reef sediment dynamics, and associated bio-physical drivers, simultaneously over matching spatial and temporal scales.

Characterization and biocontrol efficacy of lytic phage (KPP-1) that infects multidrug resistant Klebsiella variicola.

Klebsiella variicola strain was identified from a natural water stream. Novel phage (KPP-1) infecting K. variicola was isolated and characterized.

Impact of the antidepressant Bupropion on the Dynamic Energy Budget of Daphnia magna.

Psychiatric drugs are considered among the emerging contaminants of concern in ecological risk assessment, due to their potential to disrupt homeostasis in aquatic organisms. Bupropion is an antidepressant that acts by selective reuptake inhibition of norepinephrine and dopamine. Little is known about this compound's effects on aquatic organisms, despite being detected in significant concentrations in both water and biota close to waste-water treatment plants and densely populated areas.

Expansion of Armatimonadota through marine sediment sequencing describes two classes with unique ecological roles.

Marine sediments comprise one of the largest environments on the planet, and their microbial inhabitants are significant players in global carbon and nutrient cycles. Recent studies using metagenomic techniques have shown the complexity of these communities and identified novel microorganisms from the ocean floor. Here, we obtained 77 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from the bacterial phylum Armatimonadota in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, and the Bohai Sea, China.

Effect of monsoon on microplastic bioavailability and ingestion by zooplankton in tropical coastal waters of Sabah.

Plankton seasonality in tropical coastal waters is becoming more apparent as a result of monsoon-driven changes in environmental conditions, but research on the monsoonal variation of microplastics (MP) is still limited. We examined the monsoonal variation of MP in the water column and their ingestion by zooplankton in Sepanggar Bay, Sabah, Malaysia. MP concentrations were significantly higher during the Southwest monsoon whereas MP ingestions showed no monsoonal difference across major zooplankton taxa.

A hybrid-capture approach to reconstruct the phylogeny of Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia).

A well-supported evolutionary tree representing most major lineages of scleractinian corals is in sight with the development and application of phylogenomic approaches. Specifically, hybrid-capture techniques are shedding light on the evolution and systematics of corals. Here, we reconstructed a broad phylogeny of Scleractinia to test previous phylogenetic hypotheses inferred from a few molecular markers, in particular, the relationships among major scleractinian families and genera, and to identify clades that require further research.

Consumers decrease variability across space and turnover through time during coral reef succession.

Consumers play an integral role in mediating ecological succession-the change in community composition over time. As consumer populations are facing rapid decline in ecosystems around the world, understanding of their ecological role is becoming increasingly urgent. Increased understanding of how changes in consumer populations may influence community variability across space and turnover through time during succession is particularly important for coral reefs, which are among the most threatened ecosystems globally, and where fishes play vital roles in structuring benthic succession.

Assessing the risk of oil spill impacts and potential biodiversity loss for coastal marine environment at the turn of the COVID-19 pandemic event.

The Tuscan Archipelago, with its great environmental and economic importance, is one of the highest oil spill density areas in the Western Mediterranean. In this study, an interdisciplinary approach, based on numerical applications and experimental methods, was implemented to quantify the risk of oil spill impact along the rocky shores of this archipelago in relation to the maritime activities. The risk, defined as a combination of the hazard and the damage, was quantified for the biennial 2019-2020 in order to account for the effects generated by the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on the local maritime traffic.

Microbial community structure and settlement induction capacity of marine biofilms developed under varied reef conditions.

Coral larval settlement relies on biogenic cues such as those elicited by microbial biofilm communities, a crucial element of coral recruitment. Eutrophication can modify these biofilm-associated communities, but studies on how this affects coral larval settlement are limited. In this study, we developed biofilm communities on glass slides at four sites with increasing distance from a mariculture zone.

Widespread diversity deficits of coral reef sharks and rays.

A global survey of coral reefs reveals that overfishing is driving resident shark species toward extinction, causing diversity deficits in reef elasmobranch (shark and ray) assemblages. Our species-level analysis revealed global declines of 60 to 73% for five common resident reef shark species and that individual shark species were not detected at 34 to 47% of surveyed reefs. As reefs become more shark-depleted, rays begin to dominate assemblages.

Inference and reconstruction of the heimdallarchaeial ancestry of eukaryotes.

In the ongoing debates about eukaryogenesis-the series of evolutionary events leading to the emergence of the eukaryotic cell from prokaryotic ancestors-members of the Asgard archaea play a key part as the closest archaeal relatives of eukaryotes. However, the nature and phylogenetic identity of the last common ancestor of Asgard archaea and eukaryotes remain unresolved. Here we analyse distinct phylogenetic marker datasets of an expanded genomic sampling of Asgard archaea and evaluate competing evolutionary scenarios using state-of-the-art phylogenomic approaches.

Coccolithophores and diatoms resilient to ocean alkalinity enhancement: A glimpse of hope?

It is increasingly apparent that adequately mitigating anthropogenic climate interference will require ocean carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies. Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is an abiotic ocean CDR approach that aims to increase the ocean's CO uptake capacity through the dispersal of pulverized mineral or dissolved alkali into the surface ocean. However, OAE's effect on marine biota is largely unexplored.

Fish feces reveal diverse nutrient sources for coral reefs.

Consumers mediate nutrient cycling through excretion and egestion across most ecosystems. In nutrient-poor tropical waters such as coral reefs, nutrient cycling is critical for maintaining productivity. While the cycling of fish-derived inorganic nutrients via excretion has been extensively investigated, the role of egestion for nutrient cycling has remained poorly explored.

Decadal stability in coral cover could mask hidden changes on reefs in the East Asian Seas.

Coral reefs in the Central Indo-Pacific region comprise some of the most diverse and yet threatened marine habitats. While reef monitoring has grown throughout the region in recent years, studies of coral reef benthic cover remain limited in spatial and temporal scales. Here, we analysed 24,365 reef surveys performed over 37 years at 1972 sites throughout East Asia by the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network using Bayesian approaches.

Gene expression underlying variation in the survival skills of red drum larvae (Sciaenops ocellatus).

Mortality rates of marine fish larvae are incredibly high and can determine year-class strength. The major causes of larval mortality are predation and starvation, and the performance of larvae in survival skills that can mitigate this mortality (predator evasion, foraging) varies among individuals and cohorts, but the causes of the variation are not known. Transcriptomics can link gene expression variation to phenotypic variation at the whole-system level to investigate the molecular basis of behavioural variation.

Higher Apparent Gas Transfer Velocities for CO Compared to CH in Small Lakes.

Large greenhouse gas emissions occur via the release of carbon dioxide (CO) and methane (CH) from the surface layer of lakes. Such emissions are modeled from the air-water gas concentration gradient and the gas transfer velocity (). The links between and the physical properties of the gas and water have led to the development of methods to convert between gases through Schmidt number normalization.

Zonation of the active methane-cycling community in deep subsurface sediments of the Peru trench.

The production and anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) by microorganisms is widespread in organic-rich deep subseafloor sediments. Yet, the organisms that carry out these processes remain largely unknown. Here we identify members of the methane-cycling microbial community in deep subsurface, hydrate-containing sediments of the Peru Trench by targeting functional genes of the alpha subunit of methyl coenzyme M reductase ().

The membrane androgen receptor ZIP9 (SCL39A9) maintains ovarian homeostasis by mediating post-ovulatory follicle breakdown in zebrafish.

ZIP9 was recently characterized as a membrane androgen receptor in Atlantic croaker granulosa/theca (G/T) cells where it mediates androgen-induced apoptosis in vitro, but the physiological significance of this action has remained unclear. In the current study, we utilized ZIP9 knockout (zip9) zebrafish to investigate the role of ZIP9-mediated androgen-induced G/T cell apoptosis in vivo. We first confirmed ZIP9 mediates apoptosis of zebrafish G/T cells in vitro.