Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and childhood asthma: a European collaborative analysis.

Objectives: To investigate the associations of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour in early childhood with asthma and reduced lung function in later childhood within a large collaborative study.

Design: Pooling of longitudinal data from collaborating birth cohorts using meta-analysis of separate cohort-specific estimates and analysis of individual participant data of all cohorts combined.

Setting: Children aged 0-18 years from 26 European birth cohorts.

Arrhythmias in oncological patients: a compact overview for the clinician.

Chemotherapy is the cornerstone of antineoplastic treatment in patients with malignancies. The cardiotoxic effect of antineoplastic therapy has been known for many decades. Part of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is the development of heart rhythm disturbances.

Accelerometry-assessed sleep clusters and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents.

Objective: This study aimed to identify sleep clusters based on objective multidimensional sleep characteristics and test their associations with adolescent cardiometabolic health.

Methods: The authors included 1090 participants aged 14.3 to 16.

The Influence of Short-Term Weather Parameters and Air Pollution on Adolescent Airway Inflammation.

Fraction of exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) is a marker of airway inflammation. We examined the main effects and interactions of relative humidity (RH) and air pollution on adolescents' FeNO. Two thousand and forty-two participants from the 15-year follow-up of the German GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts were included.

Impaired Nitric Oxide Synthetase Activity in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia-Data-Driven Hypothesis.

Low nasal nitric oxide (nNO) is a typical feature of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD). nNO is part of the PCD diagnostic algorithm due to its discriminative power against other lung diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the underlying pathomechanisms are elusive.

Undiagnosed Pediatric Elevated Blood Pressure Is Characterized by Induction of Proinflammatory and Cytotoxic Mediators.

Background: Inflammatory processes have been suggested as a culprit of vascular damage in pediatric hypertension. We aimed to investigate transcriptional changes of immune modulators and determine their association with office blood pressure in adolescents who were not diagnosed with hypertension at the time of the study visit.

Methods: Office blood pressure measurements and blood samples were taken from adolescents of 2 German birth cohorts, GINIplus (The German Infant Study on the Influence of Nutrition Intervention Plus Air Pollution and Genetics on Allergy Development; discovery cohort, n=1219) and LISA (Influences of Lifestyle-related factors on the Immune System and the Development of Allergies in Childhood; validation cohort, n=809), during the 15-year follow-up visit and categorized based on the European Society of Hypertension Guideline.

Characterization of Obesity in Severe Asthma in the German Asthma Net.

Background: Asthma is increasingly recognized as heterogeneous, characterized by different endotypes, with obesity not only a distinct phenotype but a risk factor for severe asthma.

Objective: We sought to understand the associations of obesity with relevant parameters of severe asthma, including asthma control, disease burden, and lung function.

Methods: The German Asthma Net registry is a multicenter international real-life registry capturing long-term follow-up data.

Full Breastfeeding and Allergic Diseases-Long-Term Protection or Rebound Effects?

A previous follow-up of the GINIplus study showed that breastfeeding could protect against early eczema. However, effects diminished in adolescence, possibly indicating a "rebound effect" in breastfed children after initial protection. We evaluated the role of early eczema until three years of age on allergies until young adulthood and assessed whether early eczema modifies the association between breastfeeding and allergies.

Smaller panel, similar results: genomic profiling and molecularly informed therapy in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic cancer has a dismal prognosis. One reason is resistance to cytotoxic drugs. Molecularly matched therapies might overcome this resistance but the best approach to identify those patients who may benefit is unknown.

Risk factors for the deterioration of pulmonary function in primary ciliary dyskinesia.

Background: PCD is a genetic disease leading to a decline in pulmonary function. There is only little knowledge of factors determining the long-term pulmonary outcome. Especially adherence has not been addressed yet although being an independent risk factor for an increased loss of lung capacity in other chronic respiratory diseases.

ABCA3-related interstitial lung disease beyond infancy.

Background: The majority of patients with childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) caused by pathogenic variants in ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 3 (ABCA3) develop severe respiratory insufficiency within their first year of life and succumb to disease if not lung transplanted. This register-based cohort study reviews patients with ABCA3 lung disease who survived beyond the age of 1 year.

Method: Over a 21-year period, patients diagnosed as chILD due to ABCA3 deficiency were identified from the Kids Lung Register database.

Global hypomethylation in childhood asthma identified by genome-wide DNA-methylation sequencing preferentially affects enhancer regions.

Background: Childhood asthma is a result of a complex interaction of genetic and environmental components causing epigenetic and immune dysregulation, airway inflammation and impaired lung function. Although different microarray based EWAS studies have been conducted, the impact of epigenetic regulation in asthma development is still widely unknown. We have therefore applied unbiased whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) to characterize global DNA-methylation profiles of asthmatic children compared to healthy controls.

Dietary digestible carbohydrates are associated with higher prevalence of asthma in humans and with aggravated lung allergic inflammation in mice.

Background: Dietary carbohydrates and fats are intrinsically correlated within the habitual diet. We aimed to disentangle the associations of starch and sucrose from those of fat, in relation to allergic sensitization, asthma and rhinoconjuctivitis prevalence in humans, and to investigate underlying mechanisms using murine models.

Methods: Epidemiological data from participants of two German birth cohorts (age 15) were used in logistic regression analyses testing cross-sectional associations of starch and sucrose (and their main dietary sources) with aeroallergen sensitization, asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis, adjusting for correlated fats (saturated, monounsaturated, omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated) and other covariates.

Trabectedin for Patients with Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Non-Interventional, Prospective, Multicenter, Phase IV Trial.

This non-interventional, prospective phase IV trial evaluated trabectedin in patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS) in real-life clinical practice across Germany. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) rates at 3 and 6 months, as defined by investigators. Overall, 128 patients from 19 German sites were evaluated for efficacy and 130 for safety.

Allergic disease trajectories up to adolescence: Characteristics, early-life, and genetic determinants.

Background: Allergic diseases often develop jointly during early childhood but differ in timing of onset, remission, and progression. Their disease course over time is often difficult to predict and determinants are not well understood.

Objectives: We aimed to identify trajectories of allergic diseases up to adolescence and to investigate their association with early-life and genetic determinants and clinical characteristics.

Ambient ozone exposure and bone turnover markers in children: Results from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts.

Background: Multiple environmental factors can regulate bone metabolism, and it is hypothesized that air pollution may be deleteriously involved in this regulation. However, only a few studies considered bone turnover markers (BTMs) - sensitive and specific markers of bone metabolism - as outcomes, and no study investigated the exposure to ambient ozone. Here, we intended to explore the associations between long-term exposure to ambient ozone and concentrations of two BTMs, osteocalcin and β-isomer of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx), amongst 10-year-old children.

Quality of Life Effects of an Oral Fixed Combination of Netupitant and Palonosetron in Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting Prevention: Real-World Evidence in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Anthracycline-Cyclophosphamide-Based Chemotherapy.

Introduction: In a prospective non-interventional study involving 2,173 patients, we showed that use of the oral fixed combination of netupitant 300 mg and palonosetron 0.5 mg (NEPA) for prevention of chemotherapy (Ctx)-induced nausea and vomiting has beneficial effects on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with various types of cancers receiving highly or moderately emetogenic Ctx. Here, we report on the effects on QoL, effectiveness, and tolerability of NEPA in patients with breast cancer exposed to anthracycline-cyclophosphamide (AC)-based Ctx.

Organ-specific symptom patterns during oral food challenge in children with peanut and tree nut allergy.

Background: Peanut and tree nut allergies are common in childhood and often severe in nature. The clinical picture shows a wide variety of symptoms.

Objective: To analyze the distribution of clinical symptoms and severity during oral food challenges (OFC) in children.

Early-life respiratory tract infections and the risk of school-age lower lung function and asthma: a meta-analysis of 150 000 European children.

Background: Early-life respiratory tract infections might affect chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, but conclusive studies from general populations are lacking. Our objective was to examine if children with early-life respiratory tract infections had increased risks of lower lung function and asthma at school age.

Methods: We used individual participant data of 150 090 children primarily from the EU Child Cohort Network to examine the associations of upper and lower respiratory tract infections from age 6 months to 5 years with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC (FEF) and asthma at a median (range) age of 7 (4-15) years.

Psychopathological symptoms as precursors of depressive symptoms in adolescence: a prospective analysis of the GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies.

Introduction: Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent in adolescence, highlighting the need for early identification of precursors. Research into psychopathological symptoms predicting depressive psychopathology in adolescents is therefore of great relevance. Moreover, given that the prevalence of depressive symptomatology in adolescence shows marked differences between girls and boys, insight into potential sex-specific differences in precursors is important.

Obesogenic eating behaviour and dietary intake in German children and adolescents: results from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies.

Background/objectives: The transition to adolescence is characterised by considerable behavioural changes, including diet. This study describes the level of obesogenic eating behaviours in 10- and 15-year-olds, and their association with dietary intake.

Subjects/methods: Participants of the 10- and 15-year follow-ups of the German GINIplus and LISA birth cohort studies were included (N = 2257; N = 1880).

Assessment of the Cow's Milk-related Symptom Score (CoMiSS) as a diagnostic tool for cow's milk protein allergy: a prospective, multicentre study in China (MOSAIC study).

Objectives: The MOSAIC study aimed to evaluate if the Cow's Milk-related Symptom Score (CoMiSS) can be used as a stand-alone diagnostic tool for cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA).

Design: Single-blinded, prospective, multicentre diagnostic accuracy study.

Setting: 10 paediatric centres in China.