Prone position in obese patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardio-thoracic surgery.

Objectives: Prone positioning (PP) has benefits in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The objective of this study was to compare the effects and complications of PP in obese versus non-obese patients with moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardiothoracic surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed a database established in 2014-2021 in an intensive care unit.

Exploring the Endothelin-1 pathway in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension microvasculopathy.

Targeted vasopeptide therapies have significantly advanced the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, due to insufficient preclinical evidence regarding the involvement of the endothelin-1 (ET-1) pathway in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) pathophysiology, the potential of ET-1 receptor antagonism in treating CTEPH remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated the role of the ET-1 pathway in CTEPH microvasculopathy using a multifaceted approach.

Pulmonary hypertension in patients carrying FLNA loss-of-function variants.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an unusual complication of X-linked disease caused by loss-of-function (LOF) variants in the () gene. Patients with LOF may also present dysmorphic facial features, aortic dilation, thrombopenia, and periventricular nodular heterotopia (PVNH).

Methods: We reported clinical, functional, radiologic, and hemodynamic characteristics of patients with LOF variants and PH from the French PH Network.

Synoptic report: Interests of structured standardized operative report in renal surgery.

The synoptic operative report (SOR) is a model with several advantages but still not enough adopted. We studied the performance of a SOR template (FileMaker Pro®, FMP) versus the usual narrative operative report (NOR) template on DxCare® software (DXC) of the urology department at the Georges-Pompidou European Hospital by comparing the number of completed data, the completeness rate, the writing time, and the writing speed and by analyzing the learning curve. Over an 11-week period between March and June 2021, 118 case-control OR for 59 laparoscopic or open, partial or total nephrectomy procedures, for all indications were prospectively created.

ISHLT consensus statement on the perioperative use of ECLS in lung transplantation: Part II: Intraoperative considerations.

The use of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) throughout the perioperative phase of lung transplantation requires nuanced planning and execution by an integrated team of multidisciplinary experts. To date, no multidisciplinary consensus document has examined the perioperative considerations of how to best manage these patients. To address this challenge, this perioperative utilization of ECLS in lung transplantation consensus statement was approved for development by the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Standards and Guidelines Committee.

Effectiveness of temocillin in treatment of non-urinary tract infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacterales and risk factors for failure.

Objectives: To describe the real-life use of temocillin for non-urinary tract infections, to assess its effectiveness in infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacterales, and to identify risk factors for treatment failure.

Method: Retrospective multicentric study in 14 tertiary care hospitals, including all patients who received at least one dose of temocillin for ESBL infections from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2021 for non-urinary tract infections. Failure was a composite criterion defined within 28 day follow-up by persistence or reappearance of signs of infection, and/or switch to suppressive antibiotic treatment and/or death from infection.

DNA methylation as a new tool for the differential diagnosis between T-LBL and lymphocyte-rich thymoma.

T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) and thymoma are two rare primary tumors of the thymus deriving either from T-cell precursors or from thymic epithelial cells, respectively. Some thymoma subtypes (AB, B1, and B2) display numerous reactive terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-positive (TdT) T-cell precursors masking epithelial tumor cells. Therefore, the differential diagnosis between T-LBL and TdT T-lymphocyte-rich thymoma could be challenging, especially in the case of needle biopsy.

Worldwide CTEPH Registry: Long-Term Outcomes With Pulmonary Endarterectomy, Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty, and Medical Therapy.

Background: The European Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) registry, conducted between 2007 and 2012, reported the major impact of pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) on the long-term survival of patients with CTEPH. Since then, 2 additional treatments for inoperable CTEPH have become available: balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA), and an approved oral drug therapy with the guanylate cyclase stimulator riociguat. The current registry aimed to evaluate the effect of these new therapeutic approaches in a worldwide context.

Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy: The Potentially Curative Treatment of Choice for Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a consequence of unresolved organized thromboembolic obstruction of the pulmonary arteries, which can cause pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure. Owing to its subtle signs, determining its exact incidence and prevalence is challenging. Furthermore, CTEPH may also present without any prior venous thromboembolic history, contributing to underdiagnosis and undertreatment.

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for proximal chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in patients ineligible for pulmonary endarterectomy.

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) to treat chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is generally reserved for distal obstruction precluding pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) but can be used in patients with proximal disease who are at high surgical risk or refuse surgery. This single-center retrospective study compared BPA efficacy in patients with proximal versus distal CTEPH. Of the 478 patients, 36 had proximal disease, follow-up was 11.

Transplantation, bridging, and support technologies in pulmonary hypertension.

Despite the progress made in medical therapies for treating pulmonary hypertension (PH), a subset of patients remain susceptible to developing a maladaptive right ventricular phenotype. The effective management of end-stage PH presents substantial challenges, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach and early identification of patients prone to acute decompensation. Identifying potential transplant candidates and assessing the feasibility of such a procedure are pivotal tasks that should be undertaken early in the treatment algorithm.

Outcomes of right sleeve lower lobectomy vs. lower bilobectomy for lung malignancies.

Objectives: Lower bilobectomy (LBL) leaves a residual pleural space potentially associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. In selected patients, right sleeve lower lobectomy (RSLL) with anastomosis between the middle lobe bronchus and intermediate bronchus is feasible. The outcomes of RSLL and LBL have not been compared.

Vena cava leiomyosarcoma surgery results in a retrospective cohort of 41 patients from two centers.

Background: Leiomyosarcoma of the vena cava (LMS-VC) is a rare entity with poor oncological outcomes and a lack of histological staging prognostic factors.

Methods: Outcomes of consecutive patients operated on LMS-VC between March 2003 and May 2022, in two specialized sarcoma centers were reported.

Result: Forty-one patients were identified.

Evidence and unresolved questions in pulmonary hypertension: Insights from the 5th French Pulmonary Hypertension Network Meeting.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) continues to present significant challenges to the medical community, both in terms of diagnosis and treatment. The advent of the updated 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines has introduced pivotal changes that reflect the rapidly advancing understanding of this complex disease. These changes include a revised definition of PH, updates to the classification system, and treatment algorithm.

Assessment of phosphatemia at admission to the intensive care unit to predict mechanical ventilation among patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Hypophosphatemia has been reported to impair diaphragmatic function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, little is known about the role of dysphosphatemia at admission [plasmatic phosphate concentration at intensive care unit (ICU) admission (T0-Ph)] to the ICU and respiratory outcomes among patients with severe acute COPD exacerbation. We aimed to assess the value of T0-Ph as a predictive factor of invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) during ICU stay.

Outcomes of lung transplantation for pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis: A French multicentric retrospective study.

Background: Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) has no currently available specific treatment. Benefits of lung transplantation (LT) for PPFE are poorly documented.

Methods: We conducted a nation-wide multicentric retrospective study in patients who underwent lung or heart-lung transplantation for chronic end-stage lung disease secondary to PPFE between 2012 and 2022 in France.