Time Toxicity of Systemic Anticancer Therapy for Metastatic Lung Cancer in Routine Clinical Practice: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Purpose: The concept of time toxicity of cancer treatment, defined as proportion of days from physical contact with the health care system, has been suggested as simple, patient-centered measure useful for shared decision making, particularly in incurable cancer. We investigated the extent of health care contacts in clinical practice in Danish patients with stage IV lung cancer starting first-line systemic anticancer therapies.

Methods: This is a nationwide cohort study of newly diagnosed patients with stage IV lung cancer in Denmark who initiated treatment during 2019-2021 and followed for up to 1 year.

Understanding European patterns of deprescribing antithrombotic medication during end-of-life care in patients with cancer.

Background: Even though antithrombotic therapy (ATT) probably has little or even negative effect on the well-being of patients with cancer near the end of life, it is often continued until death, possibly leading to excess bleeding complications, increased disease burden, reduced quality of life and higher healthcare costs.

Aim: To explore and describe European practice patterns and perspectives of healthcare professionals from different disciplines and specialties on ATT in the end-of-life care (EOLC) of patients with cancer.

Methods: We performed a two-week international cross-sectional survey study using flash-mob research methodology.

How Do We Get the Public Into Public Health Research? Learnings and Key Recommendations From Initiating a Community Involvement Project Scheme.

Introduction: There are many recognised benefits of public involvement, including more relevant research. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the existing health inequalities and disparities in access to care and treatment for under-served groups, necessitating meaningful and sustainable approaches to engaging them in health research. However, there is limited guidance to suggest what groundwork and processes are necessary for initiating such projects.

The Acceptability, Safety and Impact of a Play Co-Developed With Public Contributors as a Format for Disseminating Research on a Sensitive Subject.

Introduction: Patient and public involvement (PPI) and dissemination of research findings are key parts of the pathway to research impact; however, traditional approaches often fail to engage non-academic audiences. Creative methods such as co-developed plays can be effective ways of making the research process and findings more engaging and accessible to the public. Not much is known about how to safely involve patients and the public in the development and delivery of plays disseminating research on sensitive subjects.

Supportive and palliative care needs in advanced non-malignant liver disease: systematic review.

Advanced cirrhosis confers a significant symptom burden and has a 50% 2-year mortality rate in those with decompensated disease. There is increasing demand for supportive and palliative care (SAPC) for these patients, yet no consensus on the best model of delivery. It is necessary to identify the needs of such patients and their carers, and evaluate whether they are being met.

Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Stage III and IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Nationwide Descriptive Cohort Study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in patients starting cancer therapies for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We examined the risk and timing of VTE in patients with stage IIIA, IIIB to C, and stage IV NSCLC according to received cancer treatments.

Materials And Methods: A nationwide registry-based cohort study of patients recorded in the Danish Lung Cancer Registry (2010-2021) followed for 1 year after entry into the registry to assess the incidence of VTE.

Virtual consultations: the experience of oncology and palliative care healthcare professionals.

Objectives: To maintain continuity of care during the Covid-19 pandemic, virtual consultations (VC) became the mainstay of patient-healthcare practitioner interactions. The aim of this study was to explore the views of oncology and palliative care healthcare professionals (HCPs) regarding the medium of VC.

Method: A cross sectional mixed methodology observational study of oncology and palliative care HCPs, analysed via an inductive thematic approach.

Risk and Timing of Venous Thromboembolism After Surgery for Lung Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially preventable serious complication in patients with lung cancer undergoing thoracic operation. We examined the risk and timing of VTE after surgery for primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: All patients undergoing operation for NSCLC in Denmark between 2003 and 2021 were identified in the Danish Lung Cancer Registry.

Development of a core outcome set for use in adult primary glioma phase III interventional trials: A mixed methods study.

Background: Glioma interventional studies should collect data aligned with patient priorities, enabling treatment benefit assessment and informed decision-making. This requires effective data synthesis and meta-analyses, underpinned by consistent trial outcome measurement, analysis, and reporting. Development of a core outcome set (COS) may contribute to a solution.

Development of a Core Outcome Set for the research and assessment of inoperable malignant bowel obstruction.

Background: Malignant bowel obstruction is experienced by 15% of people with advanced cancer, preventing them from eating and drinking and causing pain, nausea and vomiting. Surgery is not always appropriate. Management options include tube or stent drainage of intestinal contents and symptom control using medication.

Risk of recurrent cancer-associated venous thromboembolism: A Danish nationwide cohort study.

Background: Predictive factors for recurrent cancer-associated venous thromboembolism have been inconsistent across previous studies. To provide data for improved risk stratification, we described the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism overall and across age, sex, calendar period, cancer type, Ottawa risk score, cancer stage, and cancer treatment in a nationwide cohort of patients with active cancer.

Methods: Using Danish administrative registries, we identified a cohort of all adult patients with active cancer and a first-time diagnosis of venous thromboembolism during 2003-2018.

Understanding how shared decision-making approaches and patient aids influence patients with advanced cancer when deciding on palliative treatments and care: A realist review.

Background: Patients with advanced incurable cancer face difficult decisions about palliative treatment options towards their end of life. However, they are often not provided with the appropriate information and support that is needed to make informed decisions. This review aimed to identify contexts and mechanisms associated with communication tools, patient decision-aids and shared decision-making (SDM) approaches that influence patient outcomes.

"I don't want to hear statistics, I want real life stories": Systematic review and thematic synthesis of patient and caregiver experiences of Proton Beam Therapy.

Problem Identification: Proton Beam Therapy (PBT) is an advanced form of radiotherapy, yet little evidence exists on patient experience to inform decision making and improve future care. We thematically synthesized the qualitative evidence of patient and caregivers' perceptions and experiences of PBT.

Literature Search: Five electronic databases were systematically searched, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords.

Infliximab versus ciclosporin in steroid resistant acute severe ulcerative colitis: a model-based cost-utility analysis of data from CONSTRUCT pragmatic trial.

Background: There is limited evidence in the literature on the long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of treatments for Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis (ASUC). The study aimed to perform decision analytic model-based long-term cost-utility analysis (CUA) of infliximab versus ciclosporin for steroid-resistant ASUC investigated in CONSTRUCT pragmatic trial.

Methods: A decision tree (DT) model was developed using two-year health effect, resource use and costs data from CONSTRUCT trial to estimate relative cost-effectiveness of two competing drugs from the United Kingdom (UK) National Health Services (NHS) perspective.

Development of a core outcome set and identification of patient-reportable outcomes for primary brain tumour trials: protocol for the COBra study.

Introduction: Primary brain tumours, specifically gliomas, are a rare disease group. The disease and treatment negatively impacts on patients and those close to them. The high rates of physical and cognitive morbidity differ from other cancers causing reduced health-related quality of life.

The range and suitability of outcome measures used in the assessment of palliative treatment for inoperable malignant bowel obstruction: A systematic review.

Background: Malignant bowel obstruction, a complication of certain advanced cancers, causes severe symptoms which profoundly affect quality of life. Clinical management remains complex, and outcome assessment is inconsistent.

Aim: To identify outcomes evaluating palliative treatment for inoperable malignant bowel obstruction, as part of a four-phase study developing a core outcome set.

The Khorana score and venous and arterial thrombosis in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A Danish cohort study.

Background: Thrombosis is common among patients with cancer. Primary thromboprophylaxis guided by the Khorana score is endorsed by guidelines but recommendations rely mainly on data from patients treated with chemotherapy.

Objectives: To explore if the Khorana score could risk stratify patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors according to risk of venous and arterial thrombosis.

Development of an international standard set of outcome measures for patients with venous thromboembolism: an International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement consensus recommendation.

The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement assembled an international working group of venous thromboembolism experts and patient representatives to develop a standardised minimum set of outcomes and outcome measurements for integration into clinical practice and potentially research to support clinical decision making and benchmarking of quality of care. 15 core outcomes important to patients and health-care professionals were selected and categorised into four domains: patient-reported outcomes, long term consequences of the disease, disease-specific complications, and treatment-related complications. The outcomes and outcome measures were designed to apply to all patients with venous thromboembolism aged 16 years or older.

Understanding public attitudes to death talk and advance care planning in Northern Ireland using health behaviour change theory: a qualitative study.

Objectives: Advance care planning is a key preparatory step in ensuring high-quality palliative and end of life care, and should be considered as a process, beginning with community-level conversations among lay persons. There is, however, indication that death talk among community-dwelling adults is not occurring, and there is a dearth of research examining why this is the case. This study aims to provide the first examination of barriers and facilitators to talking about death and dying among the general population in a UK region (Northern Ireland), and to provide a novel application of health behaviour change theory towards developing a theoretical understanding of the sources of this behaviour.

'It was brutal. It still is': a qualitative analysis of the challenges of bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic reported in two national surveys.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a devastating, mass bereavement event characterised by high levels of disruption to end-of-life, grieving and coping processes. Quantitative evidence is emerging on the effects of the pandemic on grief outcomes, but rich qualitative evidence on the lived experiences of people bereaved during these times is lacking.

Methods: We analysed qualitative data from two independent UK-wide online surveys to describe the experiences of 881 people bereaved during the pandemic.

Maximising recruitment of research participants into a general practice based randomised controlled trial concerning lung diagnosis-staff insights from an embedded qualitative study.

Background: The ELCID Trial was a feasibility randomised controlled trial examining the effect on lung cancer diagnosis of lowering the threshold for referral for urgent chest X-ray for smokers and recent ex-smokers, aged over 60 with new chest symptoms. The qualitative component aimed to explore the feasibility of individually randomising patients to an urgent chest X-ray or not and to investigate any barriers to patient recruitment and participation. This would inform the design of any future definitive trial.

Symptom burden and lived experiences of patients, caregivers and healthcare professionals on the management of malignant bowel obstruction: A qualitative systematic review.

Background: Malignant bowel obstruction occurs in up to 50% of people with advanced ovarian and 15% of people with gastrointestinal cancers. Evaluation and comparison of interventions to manage symptoms are hampered by inconsistent evaluations of efficacy and lack of agreed core outcomes. The patient perspective is rarely incorporated.

Overweight/Obesity and Time Preference: Evidence from a Survey among Adults in the UK.

Introduction: Overweight and obesity is a global problem incurring substantial health and economic implications. This has also been highlighted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic which has disproportionately affected overweight and obese individuals. Most of the interventions have concentrated on promotion of physical activities and healthy eating which may involve current sacrifices for future health gains.