Adagrasib in the Treatment of KRAS p.G12C Positive Advanced NSCLC: Design, Development and Place in Therapy.

One of the most common mutations seen in lung cancers are mutations in Kristen Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog (KRAS), observed in 25-30% of patients with NSCLC. Mutations in KRAS result in oncogenesis via persistent activation of the MAPK/ERK pathways. Although once thought to be "undruggable", KRAS p.

Impact of Angiographically Detected Residual Trabeculation After Left Atrial Appendage Closure Using the WATCHMAN Device: Insight From the OCEAN-LAAC Registry.

Background: Research on the impact of angiographically detected residual trabeculation after left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) is limited.

Objectives: To investigate the incidence, characteristics, and clinical implications of angiographically detected residual trabeculation after LAAC using the WATCHMAN device.

Methods: We analyzed 1350 consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing LAAC using the WATCHMAN device from the OCEAN-LAAC registry, which is a prospective ongoing, multicenter Japanese registry.

Consensus statement on chronic pain treatment in cancer survivors.

In September 2023, the Japan Society of Pain Clinicians (JSPC) issued this consensus statement on chronic pain treatment in cancer survivors. With recent advances in the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer, its prognosis has improved, so prolonged pain in cancer survivors is considered to represent chronic pain and should be addressed. In this statement, we emphasize that not all cancer survivor pain is cancer pain.

Effects of initial peritoneal dialysis prescription on clinical outcomes in Japanese peritoneal dialysis patients: a cohort study.

Effects of the initial peritoneal dialysis (PD) prescription on clinical outcomes are unknown in Japan. We conducted a cohort study using data from Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study. The patients were divided into two groups by the volume of the initial PD prescription (≤ 4 L/day or > 4 L/day).

Early predictors of unfavorable outcomes in pediatric acute respiratory failure.

Objective: Acute respiratory failure is a leading cause of critical illness in children. However, patient outcomes and early predictors of unfavorable outcomes are not well understood. This study aimed to describe composite unfavorable outcomes, defined as in-hospital death or discharge with new comorbidities, and to identify early predictors in children with acute respiratory failure in acute care hospitals.

Efficacy of liposomal irinotecan + 5-FU/LV vs. S-1 in gemcitabine-refractory metastatic pancreatic cancer: a real-world study using inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Background: S-1 monotherapy had previously been widely used as a second-line treatment for pancreatic cancer (PC) after gemcitabine-based chemotherapy mainly in Japan. Based on the results of the NAPOLI-1 trial, the recommended second-line therapy is now liposomal irinotecan plus fluorouracil/folinic acid (nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV). However, there have been no studies comparing nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV therapy with S-1 monotherapy.

Nationwide Survey of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan.

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) presents some clinical overlap with Kawasaki disease (KD). Although KD is common in Japan, the clinical characteristics of MIS-C in Japan remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine the epidemiological and clinical features of MIS-C in Japan.

Efficacy and Blood Levels of Lacosamide in Patients with Focal Epilepsy.

: The aim of this paper is to analyze clinical targets for lacosamide (LCM) blood levels in patients with focal epilepsy. Referring to the LCM optimal range will encourage us to think about the importance and usefulness of measuring its blood levels. : A total of 101 (45 female, 56 male) patients were treated with LCM.

Cervical CT Angiography: The Advantage of Ultra-High-Resolution CT Versus Conventional HRCT.

Pre-treatment depiction of the cervical arteries is important for better intra-arterial infusion therapy of malignant head and neck tumors. There have not been any studies on the image quality of ultra-high-resolution computed tomography (U-HRCT) for cervical CT angiography (CTA). The aim of this study is to evaluate the advantages of U-HRCT over conventional HRCT for cervical CTA; Methods: Forty-one patients underwent cervical CTA prior to selective intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for malignant head and neck tumors.

Effect of training in a sandy environment on foot morphology and function.

Background: Athletes need to enhance their foot function to improve their performance and prevent injuries and disability. Although foot function is believed to be improved by stabilizing the body on an unstable surface (e.g.

Pain Candidate Genes 5-HTTLPR and COMT Affect Anxiety and Mood in Japanese Ballet Dancers: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study.

The balance of mental, physical, and technical aspects is essential in improving ballet performance. Ballet dancers' emotional and behavioral characteristics vary, even under identical stress conditions. This study aimed to investigate the association between the pain candidate genes 5-HTTLPR and COMT and anxiety in Japanese ballet dancers.

Modified FOLFOXIRI plus cetuximab versus bevacizumab in RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase II DEEPER trial.

The clinical significance of FOLFOXIRI (5-FU, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan) plus anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody using cetuximab for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains controversial. We report results from a randomized phase 2 DEEPER trial (UMIN000018217, jRCTs061180022) to test the superiority of modified (m)-FOLFOXIRI plus weekly cetuximab over bevacizumab in patients with RAS wild-type (wt) mCRC. Primary endpoint was depth of response (DpR).

Usefulness of participation of endoscopic surgical skill qualification system-qualified surgeons in laparoscopic high anterior resection.

Introduction: A technical qualification system was established by the Japanese Society of Endoscopic Surgery in 2004, and its effectiveness in low anterior resection (LAR) has been reported. We herein performed a subgroup analysis of the effectiveness of the participation of technically qualified surgeons in laparoscopy-assisted high anterior resection (HAR), a procedure used for the technical qualification of surgeons.

Methods: The EnSSURE study enrolled 3188 patients who underwent laparoscopic rectal resection for rectal cancer between January 2014 and December 2016 at 56 Japanese hospitals.

The relation between resident mentorship and in-training examination scores: A nation-wide, cross-sectional study in Japan.

Background: Mentorship is a dynamic reciprocal relationship, wherein a novice (mentee) grows with the encouragement of an advanced careerist (mentor). It is widely implemented in medical training programs. However, there are few reports on mentorship's educational effects in the Japanese context.

Efficacy of Early Warning Scores as the Prediction Tool for Detecting Patients With Acute Deterioration in a High Dependent Unit.

Background Early detection and response to patient deterioration are essential to prevent serious outcomes such as unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) transfers and cardiac arrests. Rapid response systems (RRS) have been implemented globally, leading to a reduction in in-hospital mortality. In high-dependency units (HDUs), where patient monitoring is more frequent than in general wards, but staffing levels are lower than in intensive care units (ICUs), the challenge of identifying deteriorating patients persists.

Evaluating Collection Time of Intragastric Fluid During Endoscopy for Point-of-care Test-based Helicobacter pylori Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Objective To evaluate the influence of sample collection time during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) on the accuracy of a newly approved point-of-care test (POCT)-based polymerase chain reaction kit for detecting Helicobacter pylori and clarithromycin susceptibility in gastric wash fluid. Methods Intragastric fluid was collected at three time points: Collection Time 1 (start of EGD), Collection Time 2 (during EGD), and Collection Time 3 (after indigo carmine spraying). POCT-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting 23S rRNA domain V (2142/2143) was used to quantify H.

CRISPR Diagnostics for Quantification and Rapid Diagnosis of Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Repeat Expansion Disorders.

Repeat expansion disorders, exemplified by myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), present challenges in diagnostic quantification because of the variability and complexity of repeat lengths. Traditional diagnostic methods, including PCR and Southern blotting, exhibit limitations in sensitivity and specificity, necessitating the development of innovative approaches for precise and rapid diagnosis. Here, we introduce a CRISPR-based diagnostic method, REPLICA (peat-rimed ocating of nherited disease by s3), for the quantification and rapid diagnosis of DM1.