Case Studies on Dissocial Personality-Bad or Ill?

Dissocial personality is understood as a personality that does not ideologize most social norms and is characterized by a lack of empathy. Precise criteria for diagnosing dissocial personality are included in the ICD-10 classification, which is still in force in Poland. This classification is widely available in both Polish and English.

Lonely and Self-Centered? A Meta-Analysis of the Link Between Prosociality and Loneliness.

While loneliness may motivate individuals to approach others, it may simultaneously increase their focus on self-preservation, resulting in egocentric behavior. Since the evidence linking loneliness and prosociality is inconclusive, the current meta-analysis aims to explore this relationship. Through a systematic search of databases, we identified 35 studies involving 44,764 participants.

Gratitude in the recovery process: perspectives of women and men with schizophrenia.

Purpose: This study explores the recovery process and its key components in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, with a particular focus on the role of gratitude. The research aimed to determine whether gratitude can be confirmed as a positive factor in the recovery journey of women and men with schizophrenia.

Methods: The study involved 25 women and 25 men receiving care in day wards and a support center in Warsaw that provide specialized assistance and therapeutic interventions for schizophrenia patients.

Effect of relation or effect of investment? Procedural justice and physician authority as factors shaping the well-being of patients.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the predictive power of two relational factors, procedural justice and legitimacy, against the well-being of patients receiving medical care.

Design/methodology/approach: The study sample consisted of 590 patients in treatment for somatic conditions in hospital outpatient clinics. The study was conducted in a correlational scheme.

Health-Related Quality of Life and the Role of the Big Five Personality Traits in Postlingually Deaf Cochlear Implant Users.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL), the Big Five personality traits, speech understanding, and sociodemographic factors in a group of postlingually deaf cochlear implant (CI) users.

Method: The study group included 81 participants who met the inclusion criteria: profound sensorineural hearing loss, 18 years of age or more, and using at least one CI implanted after 18 years of age. Some 18% were bilateral CI users.

Chemical Landscape of Adipocytes Derived from 3T3-L1 Cells Investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared and Raman Spectroscopies.

Adipocytes derived from 3T3-L1 cells are a gold standard for analyses of adipogenesis processes and the metabolism of fat cells. A widely used histological and immunohistochemical staining and mass spectrometry lipidomics are mainly aimed for examining lipid droplets (LDs). Visualizing other cellular compartments contributing to the cellular machinery requires additional cell culturing for multiple labeling.

Measuring Eco-Anxiety with the Polish Version of the 13-Item Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale (HEAS-13): Latent Structure, Correlates, and Psychometric Performance.

Background/objectives: The Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale (HEAS-13) is a thirteen-item measure of eco-anxiety, with four dimensions: (1) affective symptoms, (2) rumination, (3) behavioural symptoms, and (4) anxiety about personal impact. Being a recently developed questionnaire, data on its psychometrics are limited. The aim of this study was to introduce a Polish version of the HEAS-13 and examine its psychometric properties.

Sense of loneliness and meaning in life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Preliminary studies.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) interferes with everyday functioning but its impact on the loneliness and the meaning in life of the patients is unclear.

Objectives: to determine whether the COPD severity levels correlate with the sense of loneliness and dimensions of the sense of meaning in life.

Methods: 144 patients with COPD during a period of absence of an infectious exacerbation were examined.

Alcohol purchases through online stores and mobile applications in the late phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland.

Online alcohol sales have grown rapidly, but their impact on alcohol consumption and harms is not well understood. This study explores the association between online alcohol purchasing and drinking behaviours during the late phase of COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. A nationally representative survey was conducted in May 2022 of 2000 Polish residents aged 18-50 years selected from a probability-based web panel.

Prosocial sharing with organizations after the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal test of the role of motives for helping and time perspectives.

The time after the COVID-19 pandemic posed a threat to engagement in prosocial behaviors within charity organizations. In the current study, we intended to test how three motivational paths: affective empathy-based, life satisfaction-based, and perceived social support-based shaped the change in intentions to give money and time to charity organizations over a yearly period (right after revocation of the most essential anti-COVID-19 laws and at the same time, outbreak of the war in Ukraine in 2022, in May 2022 and after a year, in late April-early May 2023). We also tested how past negative and present hedonistic time perspectives-namely, those most robust in predicting emotional states - shaped the changes in the abovementioned motivational paths and giving intentions.

Urban gardening education: User reflections on mobile application designs.

Mobile gardening applications offer a wide range of opportunities to shape the environmental behaviour of city dwellers, while stimulating action for greater access and contact with nature. Despite this, their educational potential is not sufficiently recognised and exploited. The aim of this qualitative research is to gain an in-depth understanding of the extent to which existing mobile apps can facilitate digital education for the development of green cities.

The effect of the Russian invasion on mental, social, and behavioral health among Ukrainians living in the United States.

Objective: The present research examines the disparities among Ukrainians residing in the United States, comparing Ukrainians who migrated before the February 2022 Russian invasion against those who arrived afterward. We compare these two cohorts vis-a-vis anxiety, depressive symptoms, optimism, posttraumatic stress, life satisfaction, family economic stress, cultural stress (discrimination, negative context of reception, and language stress), hazardous alcohol use, and domestic violence perpetration and victimization.

Method: The present sample included 703 Ukrainians (53.

Are a Child's Autistic Traits, Behavioural Difficulties, Prosocial Behaviour and Temperament Predictors of Parental Self-Efficacy and Satisfaction? A Study on Parents of Autistic and Neurotypical Children Aged 7-11 Years.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the significance of the severity of autistic traits, behavioural difficulties, prosocial behaviour and temperamental characteristics in children for parental self-efficacy and parental satisfaction in two groups of parents: parents of autistic children, and parents of neurotypical children. Data come from 145 parents of autistic children and 239 parents of neurotypical children. Using hierarchical multiple regression analyses, the analysis explored the role of child characteristics in prediction of parental self-efficacy and parental satisfaction.

Attributional and attentional patterns in the perception of ambiguous harmful encounters involving peer and authority figures.

Background: Self-construal influences the way people ascribe blame to victims, but it is not clear whether the same applies to harm doers, especially those in a position of authority.

Participants And Procedure: We examined ( = 122, men = 60) participants' ascriptions of both blame and intentionality to harm doers (authority figure versus peer) while priming self-construal (relational versus individual self). Using eye-tracking, we explored whether priming relational self, compared to individual self, affects the allocation of attention to faces versus objects.

People act when they feel obliged. Prosocial intentions toward Ukrainian refugees in Poland during the first two weeks of the war in Ukraine.

Background: In February 2022, Poland became one of the most engaged countries in accepting Ukrainian refugees. Based on the norm activation model, the study, performed during the first two weeks of the war, examined the prosocial intentions of Poles toward Ukrainians in relation to the individualizing moral foundations (harm/care and fairness/reciprocity), as well as beliefs about the obligation of individual citizens to help.

Participants And Procedure: The study was designed to investigate the views of Poles on helping Ukrainians in times of tension.

Deep brain stimulation of hippocampus in treatment of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy.

Introduction: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common cause of focal onset seizures, affecting 40% of adolescents and adults with epilepsy. TLE is also one of the most common drug resistant forms of epilepsy. Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice for TLE, but not all patients with TLE are suitable candidates for resective neurosurgery.

Social Exclusion Effect on Self-Efficacy.

Research and theory indicate that self-efficacy can be influenced by factors related to persuasion, experiences of success, and emotional states. These factors can include situations that challenge people's beliefs about their abilities. Social exclusion is associated with deprivation of the need for control, low self-control, and low self-esteem.

The Quality of Interpersonal Relationships, Intrusive and Deliberate Rumination and Adjustment to the Death of a Spouse.

The aim of the presented study was to gain a better understanding of relationships between the pre-loss quality of marriage, global attachment style, rumination, the severity of complicated grief and the level of posttraumatic growth among widowed individuals. After the researchers obtained the consent of the ethics board to conduct the study, they examined widowed individuals ( = 152) using the Experiences in Close Relationships - Revised, the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, the Event Related Rumination Inventory, the Inventory of Complicated Grief, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Results show a positive relationship between attachment anxiety and complicated grief via intrusive rumination, as well as a positive relationship between attachment anxiety and posttraumatic growth via intrusive and deliberate rumination.

Thought contagion? Conspiracy beliefs boost paranoid thoughts.

Conspiracy theories accusing specific groups of secret malevolent actions can foster a perception of the world as a dangerous place. In our research, we contend that both adherence and exposure to conspiracy beliefs can serve as a potential cause of certain psychological problems in the form of paranoid thoughts. This hypothesis was tested in three studies conducted among Polish and British participants.