Marchiafava-Bignami Disease: A Rare Association With Dysdiadochokinesia and Ataxic Gait.

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by demyelination and necrosis of the corpus callosum. The non-specific signs and symptoms associated with MBD including dysarthria, impaired walking, pyramidal signs, primitive reflexes, seizures, incontinence, sensory symptoms, gaze palsies, and altered mental state result in a challenging diagnosis. Here, we report the case of a 64-year-old female presenting with dizziness, gait ataxia, and a history of recurrent falls for several months.

Alcohol and the central nervous system.

Ethanol use is common to most cultures but with varying doses and to varying extents. While research has focused on the effects on the liver, alcohol exerts a range of actions on the function and structure of the nervous system. In the central nervous system (CNS) it can provoke or exacerbate neurological and psychiatric disease; its effects on the peripheral nervous system are not included in this review.

From Chronic Alcohol Consumption to Coma: Report of an Uncommon Cause.

Marchiafava-Bignami disease is a rare condition characterized by demyelination of the corpus callosum that can evolve into necrosis. It is associated with thiamine deficiency, chronic alcohol consumption, and less frequently, severe malnutrition. The diagnosis is based on clinical presentation - altered mental state and changes in a neurological examination - and on neuroimaging studies, especially magnetic resonance imaging.

Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy with a Reversible Lesion in The Splenium.

Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible lesion in the splenium (MERS) is a clinico-radiological syndrome with mild central nervous system symptoms and a reversible lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is mainly associated with a number of viral and bacterial infections, including Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this paper, we report four MERS patients.

Marchiafava-Bignami Disease: Report of a Subacute Case.

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is rare and often associated with chronic alcohol consumption; however, cases have been described in non-alcoholic patients with nutritional deficits. This disease manifests itself through an array of neurological signs and symptoms, from mild dysarthria or mild confusion to coma and death, and can present acutely, subacutely, or chronically, depending on their severity. The evolution of imaging technology makes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the gold standard for the diagnosis of this disease, although computed tomography (CT) scan is usually in the first line owing to its greater availability.

From Mild Gait Difficulties to a Sudden Coma: A Rare Case of Marchiafava-Bignami Disease.

In this case report we describe the case of a 66-year old man with subacute gait difficulties, with a progression to confusion coma with multiple generalised epileptic seizures during the following days. Biochemical analysis showed hyperglycaemia, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing showed a mild lymphocytic pleocytosis and an elevated protein and lactate. Broad-spectrum antibiotics and antiviral therapy where initiated.

Marchiafava Bignami Disease: A Rare Neurological Complication of Long-Term Alcohol Abuse.

Marchiafava Bignami disease is a demyelinating and necrotic disease of the central nervous system in chronic alcohol users and malnourished patients. The primary characteristic lesion of this disease is present in the corpus callosum in the form of its necrosis, but plenty of evidence suggests that it can also affect other parts of the brain. The main pathophysiology revolves around the consumption of alcohol and its ability to cause thiamine depletion in the body and hinder various metabolic pathways.

MRI Spectrum of Toxic Encephalopathy-An Institutional Experience.

Background: There are numerous toxins that affect our nervous system, both central and peripheral. Innumerable differentials exist in patients of acute encephalopathy and the list can be narrowed down with appropriate imaging. Specific neuroradiological features point to a particular diagnosis in a substantial number of cases.

Intermediate Syndrome and Marchiafava-Bignami Syndrome: Double Trouble in Weaning Off.

Intermediate syndrome affects 10-40% of those with severe organophosphorus poisoning, causing delayed weakness in the proximal parts of the body, neck flexors, and breathing muscles. We present the case of organophosphorus poisoning that advanced to intermediate syndrome and subsequently worsened, with imaging later revealing the Marchiafava-Bignami condition, which aggravated the intermediate syndrome.

Amantadine as a Potential Treatment for Marchiafava-Bignami Disease: Case Reports and a Possible Mechanism.

Introduction: Several reports have described the use of amantadine for managing symptoms in Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD); however, amantadine's role for the treatment of MBD symptoms is unclear. Here, we describe 2 patients with MBD who were treated with amantadine and hypothesize a potential mechanism responsible for clinical benefit. .

Marchiafava-Bignami disease presenting as reversible coma.

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare demyelinating condition of the corpus callosum and subcortical white matter that is most commonly seen in alcoholic patients. The course of the disease varies with symptoms that range from dementia to complete coma; severe intermittent sympathetic storming with abnormal posturing is often reported in literature. It is presumably secondary to a deficiency of B complex vitamins, specifically thiamine and many patients have clinical improvement after repletion of B vitamins.

Marchiafava-Bignami disease in a patient with schizophrenia and alcohol use disorder.

Substance-related disorders are the most frequent comorbidity in schizophrenia. Concretely, alcohol is the most commonly consumed substance after tobacco. Patients with schizophrenia with this comorbidity have a worse clinical course and can develop serious neuropsychiatric complications.

Disconnected Motor Intention and Spatial Attention in a Case of Probable Marchiafava-Bignami Disease.

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare complication of chronic alcoholism that typically causes demyelination and necrosis of the corpus callosum. Here, we report a man with probable MBD with callosal and right medial paracentral lesions who presented with abnormal reaching behavior and ideomotor apraxia of the left hand. He exhibited difficulty in reaching with the left hand when a target object was placed on his right-hand side, and he exhibited rightward bias when using his right hand in a line bisection task.

Co-occurrence of Marchiafava-Bignami Disease and Alcoholic Polyneuropathy in Chronic Alcoholic Patient Who Had Past History of Wernicke Encephalopathy: a Case Report.

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD), Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and alcoholic polyneuropathy (AP) are distinct diseases and all have strong relationship with chronic alcoholism. A 70-year-old male who had altered mentality and ataxia of both lower limbs and had past history of WE 3 years previously admitted with 6 months history of impaired walking. He also had a symptom of altered sensorium by impaired consciousness for 2 days.