Membrane-targeted push-pull azobenzenes for the optical modulation of membrane potential.

We introduce a family of membrane-targeted azobenzenes (MTs) with a push-pull character as a new tool for cell stimulation. These molecules are water soluble and spontaneously partition in the cell membrane. Upon light irradiation, they isomerize from trans to cis, changing the local charge distribution and thus stimulating the cell response.

Facile and eco-friendly method of starch nanocrystals esterified with oleic acid using natural clay as a catalyst: Synthesis, Box-Behnken optimization, characterization and analysis of thermal and antioxidant properties.

This study investigates the synthesis of corn starch nanocrystals (SNCs) via sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Esterification of oleic acid (OA) with SNCs was carried out using Maghnite-H as a catalyst, a non-polluting, eco-friendly proton-exchanged montmorillonite-based green catalyst suitable for various chemical processes. Optimization of synthesis parameters, including reaction temperature, duration, and catalyst quantity, was conducted using response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design incorporating three factors and three levels.

EAES rapid guideline: surgical management of complicated diverticulitis - with ESCP participation.

Background: The surgical management of complicated diverticulitis varies across Europe. EAES members prioritized this topic to be addressed by a clinical practice guideline through an online questionnaire.

Objective: To develop evidence-informed clinical practice recommendations for key stakeholders involved in the treatment of complicated diverticulitis; to improve operative and perioperative outcomes, patient experience and quality of life through a systematic evidence-to-decision approach by a diverse, multidisciplinary panel.

Surgical management of complicated diverticulitis: systematic review and individual patient data network meta-analysis : An EAES/ESCP collaborative project.

Background: We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of individualized patient data (IPD) to inform the development of evidence-informed clinical practice recommendations.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central in October 2023 to identify RCTs comparing Hartmann's resection (HR), primary resection and anastomosis (PRA), or laparoscopic peritoneal lavage (LPL) among patients with class Ib-IV Hinchey diverticulitis. Outcomes of interest were prioritized by an international, multidisciplinary panel including two patient partners.

Nondestructive detection of pungent and numbing compounds in spicy hotpot seasoning with hyperspectral imaging and machine learning.

The levels of capsaicin (CAP) and hydroxy-α-sanshool (α-SOH) are crucial for evaluating the spiciness and numbing sensation in spicy hotpot seasoning. Although liquid chromatography can accurately measure these compounds, the method is invasive. This study aimed to utilize hyperspectral imaging (HSI) combined with machine learning for the nondestructive detection of CAP and α-SOH in hotpot seasoning.

Cerebral Aneurysms and Arteriovenous Malformation: Preliminary Experience with the Use of Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Applied to Endoscopy.

Indocyanine green video angiography, integrated into the operative microscope, is frequently used in cerebrovascular surgery. This technology is often preferred, for cost or availability, to Doppler or intraoperative DSA (digital subtraction angiography). With the same assumption it was possible, in our preliminary experience, to partially vicariate the aforementioned devices using the SPY mode of the Stryker endoscope; it allowed the visualization of fluorescence in high definition.

Prevalence of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Associated of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comparative Pre- and Post-COVID Study.

: Diabetes and hypertension are major global health challenges aggravated by COVID-19's impact on healthcare and lifestyle factors. This study aims to compare the prevalence and associated socio-demographic factors of these conditions before and after the pandemic (2019 vs. 2022).

The influence of hormonal combined contraceptive in the onset of hidradenitis suppurativa: a retrospective cohort study.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease characterized by recurrent painful nodules, abscesses and sinus tract on the apocrine gland-bearing skin. The role of sex hormones in the pathogenesis as well as the use of hormonal treatment in the management of HS is still debated. We performed a retrospective cohort study including 183 patients to assess the influence of combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptive (COC) in HS onset and disease severity.

An international expert survey on the worldwide digitalization in psychiatry: Global findings from the WPA survey.

Background: The World Psychiatric Association (WPA) Working Group on Digital Psychiatry aims to digitally supplement, support and improve mental health and care literacy, acceptance and accessibility across WPA member countries and National Psychiatric Associations (NPAs). To help with this goal, the present study was set to explore first the global status of digital mental health and care across NPAs METHODS: An international expert survey on the digitalization level across all 145 WPA NPAs was electronically distributed through Qualtrics. Descriptive statistics were carried out on the global dataset.

Urothelial carcinoma in situ with "early papillary formation" vs "lateral spread/shoulder lesion" of prior high-grade noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma: A survey of pathologist and urologist interpretations.

Objectives: Urothelial carcinoma in situ (CIS) with early papillary formation is terminology sometimes used to suggest incipient high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma (PUC) but may lead to confusion between true CIS and lateral flat spread of PUC.

Methods: It remains unclear how pathologists and urologists interpret this scenario, so a survey was circulated to 68 pathologists (group 1 = 28 academic genitourinary pathologists; group 2 = 17 pathologists with a self-reported genitourinary focus; group 3 = 23 pathologists self-reported as not genitourinary specialists) and 32 urologists.

Results: Regarding atypical urothelial lesions that appear mainly flat but contain possible papillae, group 3 was more likely to label this as CIS compared with groups 1 and 2 (35% for group 3 vs 13% for groups 1 and 2), while groups 1 and 2 more often adopted another descriptive diagnosis, such as "CIS with early papillary features" (38% for groups 1 and 2 vs 13% for group 3).

Host plant selection and performance of ambrosia beetles in flood-stressed versus ethanol-injected trees provide implications for management strategies.

Ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae) are fungus-farming woodborers that can cause damage to the trees they colonize. Some of these beetles target stressed plants that emit ethanol, and management strategies have proposed using ethanol-injected trees as trap trees to monitor or divert dispersing adult females away from valuable crops. In this study, we used container-grown trees from 8 species to compare the effect of ethanol injection versus flooding on ambrosia beetle host selection and colonization success.

A 12-h Difference in Exogenous Progesterone Initiation Does Not Have an Impact on Ongoing Pregnancy Rates in Artificial Cycles, as Long as Luteal Phase Support Starts Five Days Before Blastocyst Transfer.

Purpose: To elucidate if morning or evening start of exogenous progesterone (P4) five days before blastocyst embryo transfer (ET) impacts ongoing pregnancy rates (OPR) in artificial cycles.

Methods: Single-centre retrospective cohort study of 6493 artificial cycles for an ET (oestrogens and luteal phase support [LPS] with micronized vaginal progesterone [MVP] 400 mg/12 h), conducted at an infertility clinic, December 2018-July 2022. LPS was given from five days before ET.

Cardiovascular events in patients with gout initiating urate-lowering therapy with or without colchicine for flare prophylaxis: a retrospective new-user cohort study using linked primary care, hospitalisation, and mortality data.

Background: Initiating urate-lowering therapy can trigger gout flares. Gout flares have been associated with a temporally increased risk of cardiovascular events. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with gout initiating urate-lowering therapy with flare prophylaxis using colchicine (the drug recommended for gout flare prohphylaxis by many international societies) compared with no prophylaxis.

Enzymatic treatment shapes in vitro digestion pattern of phenolic compounds in mulberry juice.

The health benefits of mulberry fruit are closely associated with its phenolic compounds. However, the effects of enzymatic treatments on the digestion patterns of these compounds in mulberry juice remain largely unknown. This study investigated the impact of pectinase (PE), pectin lyase (PL), and cellulase (CE) on the release of phenolic compounds in whole mulberry juice.

Early hypoglycemia is not an independent risk factor for 2-year cognitive impairment in small for gestational age preterm infants of less than 32 weeks.

Unlabelled: The objective of this study is to evaluate whether early hypoglycemia is an independent risk factor for 2-year cognitive (COG) impairment in small for gestational age (SGA) preterm infants with gestational age (GA) < 32 weeks. We retrospectively reviewed data of 1364 preterm infants with a GA 24-31 weeks. Infants were classified based on blood glucose concentrations within the first 6 h of life (HOL) as < or ≥ 40 mg/dL (Glyc < 40 and Glyc ≥ 40, respectively) and subsequently by birth weight z-score as SGA or appropriate for gestational age (AGA).

Supramolecular dextran/polyamine phosphate nanocapsules with smart responsiveness for encapsulation of therapeutics.

The polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) polymer is here functionalized with branched and biocompatible polysaccharide dextran (DEX) molecules. Covalent conjugation of DEX to PAH has been achieved through a straightforward reductive amination approach, allowing for a controlled number of DEX chains per PAH polymer (PAH:DEX, n = 0.1, 0.

Delivery mode and risk of intraventricular hemorrhage: A retrospective single-center study on 1760 preterm infants of less than 32 weeks.

Objective: To evaluate the association between delivery mode and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in infants with a gestational age (GA) < 32 weeks.

Study Design: We retrospectively reviewed data of 1760 infants with a GA between 24 and 31 weeks/days born between 01.01.

Nurses' job embeddedness and turnover intention: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to review the relationship between job embeddedness and turnover intentions among nurses and explore the effects of the Job Embeddedness Scale, number of years in the career, education, and marital status on this relationship.

Methods: The review was conducted by searching the China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI), Weipu Database (CQVIP), China Biology Medicine (CBM), Wanfang Database, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and APA-PsycNet for articles on nurses' job embeddedness and turnover from intention up to March 2024. The research quality was evaluated using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) assessment criteria.

External Validation of the ISGPS Complexity Grading System for Minimally Invasive Pancreatoduodenectomy: Insights from the IGOMIPS registry.

Objective: To validate the ISGPS complexity grading system for minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD).

Background: Although concerns about patient safety persist, MIPD is gaining popularity. The ISGPS recently introduced a difficulty grading system to improve patient selection by aligning procedural complexity with surgeon and center expertise.

Interplay Between Helminth Infections, Malnutrition, and Gut Microbiota in Children and Mothers from Pemba, Tanzania: Potential of Microbiota-Directed Interventions.

Background/objectives: Despite efforts within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goal to end malnutrition by 2030, malnutrition and soil-transmitted helminth infections persist in sub-Saharan Africa. A significant barrier to success is the inadequate understanding of effective intervention methods. Most research on the gut microbiota's role in health has been conducted in developed countries, leaving a critical gap in knowledge regarding low-income populations.

Retrospective-Prospective Observational Study of Italian Patients Treated in Melanoma Adjuvant Cohort MAP-MADAM (Maximing ADjuvAnt MAP): Interim Analysis.

: Dabrafenib and trametinib (D + T) have been approved for the treatment of stage III melanoma with BRAF V600E V600K mutations in an adjuvant setting, based on the results from the COMBI-AD trial. To provide early access to this combination therapy prior to its commercial availability in Italy, a Managed Access Program (MAP) was run in Italy from June 2018 to December 2019. : The MADAM (Maximing ADjuvAnt MAP) study is an Italian retrospective-prospective observational study that included patients who received at least one dose of D + T through the MAP.