"Efficacy of cytotoxic effect of green tea catechins on the human periodontal fibroblasts and human dental pulp fibroblasts -An in vitro study".

Background: Inflammation of tooth-supporting tissue and the pulp tissue is followed by wound healing and regeneration process that involves the specific type of connective tissue cells, the fibroblasts. During periodontitis and pulpitis, the inflammation of the tissue causes damage to the fibroblasts. These fibroblasts secrete collagen proteins and maintain the structural framework; along with this the inflammatory process moves toward healing where in the specific cells such as the fibroblast cells play important roles.

Comparison of culture and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for identification of various species from subgingival plaque samples of healthy and periodontally diseased individuals.

Introduction: are facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli and recognized as opportunistic pathogens of various extraoral infections. Only a few studies attempted to identify all the seven species of phenotypically and genotypically in healthy individuals and patients with chronic periodontitis. Studies to determine the prevalence of in subgingival plaque samples from healthy individuals, chronic gingivitis and periodontitis among Indian population are lacking.

Detection and comparison of prevalence of through culture and Real Time-polymerase chain reaction in subgingival plaque samples of chronic periodontitis and healthy individuals.

Introduction: The micro-flora of oral cavity is a myriad of micro-organism. Any infection of oral cavity leads to diseased condition which is a transitional transformation of the micro-organism in a specific paradigm depending upon the diseased condition. Periodontitis is one of the predominant chronic diseases which is a multifactorial infection.

Phenotypic Expression of Oral Fibroblasts Derived from Oral Submucous Fibrosis: An Assay through Cell Culture.

Objective: The present study aimed to establish cell lines of fibroblast from human OSF tissues and their response to varying concentrations of arecoline. The various morphological forms of fibroblasts were identified to establish phenotypic change.

Materials And Method: Fibroblast cell lines were obtained from control samples as well as from OSF cases.

Green tea catechins showed antibacterial activity on streptococcus mutans -An study.

Background: The main bacterial aetiological agents in caries formation are the α-haemolytic Streptococcal species Streptococcus mutans, which has been found to be the initiator of most dental caries. The leaves of Camellia sinensis known as green tea, has properties, such as antibacterial and anti-cariogenic. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) one of the most abundant catechins found in green tea is known to contribute to these effects.

Solitary Median Maxillary Central Incisor: A Case Report with 3-Year Follow-Up and Literature Review.

A solitary median maxillary central incisor (SMMCI) is a rare anomaly that can occur alone or be associated with other systemic abnormalities. Early diagnosis of SMMCI is crucial as it might indicate the presence of an associated congenital or developmental abnormality. The prevalence of live-born children with SMMCI is determined to be 1:50,000 and is more common among females.

Site specificity and expression profile of miR-21 in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common epithelial malignancy of the oral cavity which has evolved globally as a grave and growing health problem. It shares a wide geographic variation with respect to the incidence rate and exhibits anatomic adaptation to oral environment with varied clinical presentation along with a spectrum of histological mélange. Besides, in recent cancer research, both genetics and epigenetics add on at the molecular level and accounts for this diversification and tumor heterogeneity of OSCC and thereby substantiates to the miRNA expression profiling in OSCC.

Green synthesis of therapeutically active 1,3,4-oxadiazoles as antioxidants, selective COX-2 inhibitors and their in silico studies.

A modest, competent and green synthetic procedure for novel coumarinyl-1,3,4-oxadiazolyl-2-mercaptobenzoxazoles 8i-t has been reported. Analysis of the docked (PDB ID: 5IKR; A-Chain) poses of the compounds illustrated that they adopt identical conformations to the extremely selective COX-2 inhibitor. The biological outcomes as well as computational study suggested that the compounds originated to have elevated resemblance towards COX-2 enzyme than COX-1.

Individuals Age Determination from Human Dental Pulp Through DNA Analysis by PCR.

 Age estimation in forensic odontology is having a great importance in recent times because of the request by court or other government authorities so that immigrants whose real age is unknown should not suffer unfair disadvantages because of their supposed age, and so that all legal procedures to which an individual's age is relevant can be properly followed.  The present study was planned to be conducted on pulp tissue and dental hard tissues derived from individuals for DNA isolation and age determination .  The present study was an experimental single-blinded study consisting of 30 extracted teeth categorized into three groups as follows: Group A: 10 to 20 years, Group B: 21 to 30 years, Group C: 31 to 40 years.

Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of oral gram negative anaerobes from Indian subjects.

Objectives: There is paucity of information on the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of oral anaerobic bacteria. In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance trend of oral Gram negative bacteria from Indian subjects.

Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 304 isolates against twelve different antibiotics were determined using gradient diffusion MIC strips.

Microwave assisted regioselective synthesis of quinoline appended triazoles as potent anti-tubercular and antifungal agents via copper (I) catalyzed cycloaddition.

Quinolin-3-yl-methyl-1,2,3-triazolyl-1,2,4-triazol-3(4H)-ones 8j-v were synthesized by click chemistry as an ultimate tactic where [3 + 2] cycloaddition of azides with terminal alkynes has been evolved. Herein, we are inclined to divulge the implication and prevalence of CuSO·5HO and THF/water promoted [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions. The foremost supremacy of this method are transitory reaction times, facile workup, excellent yields (88-92%) with exorbitant purity and regioselective single product formation both under conventional and microwave method.

Idiopathic first bite syndrome - A rare case report with review of literature.

First bite syndrome (FBS) is a condition that classically presents as severe pain in the preauricular region, initiated on the first bite of a meal. In most of the cases reported, it is associated with a history of upper neck surgery or tumor of the parotid salivary gland or parapharyngeal space (PPS). Some propose that FBS arises due to damage to the cervical sympathetic trunk leading to the loss of sympathetic innervations to the parotid salivary gland.

Molecular identification of species from the oral cavity of patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy individuals.

Introduction: species are recognized as part of human oral microbiota and implicated as periodontal pathogens associated with various periodontal diseases. The three original species - and were initially isolated from periodontitis in adults, but subsequent studies demonstrated their presence also at periodontally healthy sites in both children and adults. Their association with periodontal disease is a matter of controversy.

Comparison of cluster analysis of by arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction between healthy and chronic periodontitis subjects.

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic destructive inflammatory disease of the oral cavity. The main causative agent is presence of biofilm formed due to different micro-organisms. Among different micro- organisms "red complex" bacteria is known to be the main causative agent in progression of periodontitis.

Diminishing reactive adipogenesis leads to disease progression of oral submucous fibrosis.

Oral fibroblasts, similar to dermal fibroblasts, have the potential to resist the local insults like trauma to the oral mucosa by differentiating into adipocytes and secreting antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin (Camp) and this physiologic process in known as reactive adipogenesis. We hypothesize that in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), due to constant secretion and up-streaming of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF- β), oral fibroblast lose their adipogenic differentiation potential and Camp production, which leads to progressive fibrosis in OSF. The implication of this hypothesis could open some promising vistas on still unexplored innate immune systems harboured by oral mucosa.

Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials for the non-surgical treatment of periodontitis.

Background: Systemic antimicrobials can be used as an adjunct to mechanical debridement (scaling and root planing (SRP)) as a non-surgical treatment approach to manage periodontitis. A range of antibiotics with different dosage and combinations are documented in the literature. The review follows the previous classification of periodontitis as all included studies used this classification.

Comparative Evaluation of Immunohistochemical Expression of p16 with p16 Microsatellite Marker by PCR in Surgical Margins of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is most common oral cancer with multifactorial etiology. Surgical therapy is treatment of choice but known to have recurrence. The main reason for recurrence is associated with surgical margins which need to be tumor free.

Quantitative assessment of Scardovia wiggsiae from dental plaque samples of children suffering from severe early childhood caries and caries free children.

Scardovia wiggsiae has recently been identified as a potential pathogen associated with dental caries. The aim of the present study was to detect and quantify S. wiggsiae from dental plaque samples of children suffering from severe early childhood caries and children who were caries free by employing a real time DNA polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) method.

culture of oral keratinocytes using direct explant cell culture technique.

Background: Culture of cells and tissues is a standard research method practiced in many laboratories. In most of the cases, these cultures are being used as substrates for cell products or as investigative tools for delving the mechanism of gene expression, cell proliferation and transformation. Primary monolayer cell culture has been beneficial to study the general biology of both oral and skin keratinocytes.

Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of oral isolates of .

Background: is involved in the etiology of localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP), a condition that frequently requires supplemental antibiotic therapy. Information on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and guidelines for oral antibiotic therapy are not available on Indian patients.

Aim: The main aim of the present study was to screen clinical isolates on a panel of antibiotics commonly used for oral/systemic therapy.

An evaluation of cytotoxicity of curcumin against human periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

Introduction: Curcumin, a component of turmeric ( L.), is a molecule of multitude of medicinal properties. Although curcumin has found a place in the treatment of gingival and periodontal diseases, there are no reported cytotoxicity studies on the cells of clinical significance (i.

Forensic application of frontal sinus measurement among the Indian population.

Aim: Studies have been done in diversified population, demonstrating the uniqueness of frontal sinus; data related to the Indian population are less. Thus, the present study was aimed to determine the frontal sinus measurement and to assess its forensic application in the Indian population.

Materials And Methods: A total of 400 individuals with Indian origin (21-30 years) were included in the study.

Comparison of histochemical staining techniques for detecting mast cells in oral lesions.

Mast cells are large cells with granular cytoplasm that participate in wound healing, angiogenesis and defense against pathogens. They also contribute to inflammation by initiating innate and acquired immunity. The granules of these cells exhibit characteristic staining properties.

Pulpotomy with curcumin: Histological comparison with mineral trioxide aggregate in rats.

Context: It is important to develop new therapeutic materials that have requisite clinical actions, are safe and economical.

Aims: This study aims to histologically evaluate curcumin, an extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa) as a pulpotomy agent in rat molars and to compare it to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).

Settings And Design: Animal study.

Interleukin-21 and its association with chronic periodontitis.

Context: Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a pleiotropic cytokine, well documented to contribute to the development of Th17 cells which have been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Periodontal disease is a chronic infection of tooth-supporting tissue.

Aim: This study evaluates the saliva and serum levels of IL-21 in patients with chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy individuals.