35 results match your criteria: "Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC)[Affiliation]"

Human milk feeding practices and serum immune profiles of one-year-old infants in the CHILD birth cohort study.

Am J Clin Nutr

January 2025

Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • This study explored the relationship between current human milk feeding (HMF) and infant immune biomarker profiles in a cohort of 605 infants from Canada.
  • Results indicated that infants currently receiving HMF had higher levels of specific immune-related biomarkers compared to those who weren't.
  • The findings suggest that HMF status is important for immune development, but the duration and exclusivity of HMF did not significantly correlate with the biomarkers measured.
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Maternal diet may modulate human milk microbiota, but the effects of nutritional supplements are unknown. We examined the associations of prenatal diet and supplement use with milk microbiota composition. Mothers reported prenatal diet intake and supplement use using self-administered food frequency and standardised questionnaires, respectively.

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Microbial colonization programs are structured by breastfeeding and guide healthy respiratory development.

Cell

September 2024

Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • The study examined how breastfeeding and microbial colonization in infants are related to respiratory health, specifically asthma risk, by analyzing data from over 2,200 children.
  • Researchers discovered that early cessation of breastfeeding can lead to the early introduction of certain harmful microbes linked to immune issues and asthma, while extended breastfeeding supports healthier microbial development.
  • The findings emphasize the significance of prolonged breastfeeding for better respiratory health in children and point to potential new targets for interventions aimed at preventing asthma.
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Networks of human milk microbiota are associated with host genomics, childhood asthma, and allergic sensitization.

Cell Host Microbe

October 2024

Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the impact of the human milk microbiota (HMM) on the long-term health of children, particularly focusing on asthma and allergic conditions like atopy.
  • Researchers followed 885 mothers and their children from birth to age 5, linking HMM composition to the mothers' genetics and children's health outcomes.
  • Findings suggest that certain bacterial communities in human milk, especially decreased diversity and increased Lawsonella, are correlated with higher rates of childhood atopy and asthma, highlighting the genetic influence on HMM composition.
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Article Synopsis
  • This study explores the relationship between maternal genetics, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), and respiratory health in infants fed human milk.
  • Researchers quantified 19 HMOs from 980 mothers and identified genetic markers linked to HMOs on several chromosomes, including notable findings on chromosomes 19 and 3.
  • The study suggests that certain HMOs may help reduce the risk of respiratory issues, like recurrent wheezing, in preschoolers, depending on their genetic predispositions.
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Background: Despite global public health organizations endorsing breastfeeding or human milk (HM) as the optimal source of nutrition for infants, detailed knowledge of how HM composition influences infant growth is lacking. In this commentary we summarize and interpret the key findings of a large systematic review on HM components and child growth (N = 141 articles included). We highlight the most consistent associations, discuss study quality issues, explore socio-economic and time trends in this body of research, and identify gaps and future research directions.

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Background: A lack of safety data on postpartum medication use presents a potential barrier to breastfeeding and may result in infant exposure to medications in breastmilk. The type and extent of medication use by lactating women requires investigation.

Methods: Data were collected from the CHILD Cohort Study which enrolled pregnant women across Canada between 2008 and 2012.

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Objective: Breastfeeding is associated with reduced postpartum depression, stronger parent-child relationships, and fewer behavioral disorders in early childhood. We tested the mediating roles of postpartum depression and parent-child relationship in the association between breastfeeding practices and child behavior.

Study Design: We used standardized questionnaire data from a subset of the CHILD Cohort Study (n = 1,573) to measure postpartum depression at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years, parent-child relationship 1 year and 2 years, and child behavior at 5 years using the Child Behavior Checklist (range 0-100).

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Background: The gut microbiome undergoes primary ecological succession over the course of early life before achieving ecosystem stability around 3 years of age. These maturational patterns have been well-characterized for bacteria, but limited descriptions exist for other microbiota members, such as fungi. Further, our current understanding of the prevalence of different patterns of bacterial and fungal microbiome maturation and how inter-kingdom dynamics influence early-life microbiome establishment is limited.

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Links between human milk (HM) and infant development are poorly understood and often focus on individual HM components. Here we apply multi-modal predictive machine learning to study HM and head circumference (a proxy for brain development) among 1022 mother-infant dyads of the CHILD Cohort. We integrated HM data (19 oligosaccharides, 28 fatty acids, 3 hormones, 28 chemokines) with maternal and infant demographic, health, dietary and home environment data.

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Human Milk Macronutrients and Child Growth and Body Composition in the First Two Years: A Systematic Review.

Adv Nutr

January 2024

Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Canada. Electronic address:

Among exclusively breastfed infants, human milk (HM) provides complete nutrition in the first mo of life and remains an important energy source as long as breastfeeding continues. Consisting of digestible carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids, as well as fats and fatty acids, macronutrients in human milk have been well studied; however, many aspects related to their relationship to growth in early life are still not well understood. We systematically searched Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science to synthesize evidence published between 1980 and 2022 on HM components and anthropometry through 2 y of age among term-born healthy infants.

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Breastfeeding supplies infant gut bacteria with human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) as a nutrient source. HMO profiles are influenced by the FUT2 gene, which encodes an enzyme affecting the fucosylation of milk sugars. 20 to 40% of individuals have a "non-secretor" polymorphism that inactivates the FUT2 gene, resulting in variable HMO proportions in milk.

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Human Milk Bioactive Components and Child Growth and Body Composition in the First 2 Years: A Systematic Review.

Adv Nutr

January 2024

Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Electronic address:

Human milk (HM) contains macronutrients, micronutrients, and a multitude of other bioactive factors, which can have a long-term impact on infant growth and development. We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science to synthesize evidence published between 1980 and 2022 on HM components and anthropometry through 2 y of age among term-born infants. From 9992 abstracts screened, 141 articles were included and categorized based on their reporting of HM micronutrients, macronutrients, or bioactive components.

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Allergic diseases affect millions of people worldwide. An increase in their prevalence has been associated with alterations in the gut microbiome, i.e.

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Human milk contains all of the essential nutrients required by the infant within a complex matrix that enhances the bioavailability of many of those nutrients. In addition, human milk is a source of bioactive components, living cells and microbes that facilitate the transition to life outside the womb. Our ability to fully appreciate the importance of this matrix relies on the recognition of short- and long-term health benefits and, as highlighted in previous sections of this supplement, its ecology (i.

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Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of life, but many infants receive pumped milk, formula, donor human milk, or other nutritional sources during this critical period. Substantive evidence shows early nutrition influences development of the microbiome and immune system, affecting lifelong health. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear and the nuances of human milk feeding are rarely considered.

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Introduction: Allergic conditions, such as asthma, hay fever and eczema, are some of the most common conditions impacting children globally. There is a strong incentive to study their determinants to improve their prevention. Asthma, hay fever and eczema are influenced through the same immunological pathway and often copresent in children ('the atopic march').

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The Relationship Between Diet, Gut Microbiota, and Serum Metabolome of South Asian Infants at 1 Year.

J Nutr

February 2023

Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Diet is known to affect the gut microbiota and the serum metabolome in adults, but this has not been fully explored in infants. Infancy is an important developmental period that may influence a person's long-term health. Infant development can be affected by diet, which also interacts with the developing gut microbiota.

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Background: Early antibiotic exposure is linked to persistent disruption of the infant gut microbiome and subsequent elevated pediatric asthma risk. Breastfeeding acts as a primary modulator of the gut microbiome during early life, but its effect on asthma development has remained unclear.

Methods: We harnessed the CHILD cohort to interrogate the influence of breastfeeding on antibiotic-associated asthma risk in a subset of children (n = 2,521).

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Background: The human milk proteome comprises a vast number of proteins with immunomodulatory functions, but it is not clear how this relates to allergy of the mother or allergy development in the breastfed infant. This study aimed to explore the relation between the human milk proteome and allergy of both mother and child.

Methods: Proteins were analyzed in milk samples from a subset of 300 mother-child dyads from the Canadian CHILD Cohort Study, selected based on maternal and child allergy phenotypes.

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Source of human milk (mother or donor) is more important than fortifier type (human or bovine) in shaping the preterm infant microbiome.

Cell Rep Med

September 2022

Manitoba Interdisciplinary Lactation Centre (MILC), Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Electronic address:

Milk fortifiers help meet the nutritional needs of preterm infants receiving their mother's own milk (MOM) or donor human milk. We conducted a randomized clinical trial (NCT03214822) in 30 very low birth weight premature neonates comparing bovine-derived human milk fortifier (BHMF) versus human-derived fortifier (H2MF). We found that fortifier type does not affect the overall microbiome, although H2MF infants were less often colonized by an unclassified member of Clostridiales Family XI.

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