Transethosomes: A Comprehensive Review of Ultra-Deformable Vesicular Systems for Enhanced Transdermal Drug Delivery.

The transdermal route is one of the effective routes for delivering drugs. It also overcomes many limitations associated with oral delivery. One of the limitations of this route is the drug's poor skin permeability-stratum corneum, the skin's outermost layer that also acts as a barrier for the drug to penetrate.

Investigation of the physicochemical factors affecting the in vitro digestion and glycemic indices of indigenous indica rice cultivars.

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a vital food crop and staple diet for most of the world's population. Poor dietary choices have had a significant role in the development of type-2 diabetes in the population that relies on rice and rice-starch-based foods. Hence, our study investigated the in vitro digestion and glycemic indices of certain indigenous rice cultivars and the factors influencing these indices.

Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Kannada Version of the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS-Kn) Among Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) Survivors in a Tertiary Care Setup in India.

Background: Adherence in rehabilitation services includes attending appointments, regularly performing prescribed exercises, and correct exercise execution. The Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS) has been adapted into several languages, but there is lack of a standardized tool for various Indian languages and cultural contexts, particularly for use with cancer survivors. With the anticipated 57.

Ameliorative role of bioactive compounds against lead-induced neurotoxicity.

Lead (Pb) is an environmental toxin ubiquitously present in the human environment due to anthropogenic activities and industrialization. Lead can enter the human body through various sources and pathways, such as inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact, leading to detrimental health effects. The majority of lead that enters the body is removed by urine or feces; however, under chronic exposure conditions, lead is not efficient, as lead is absorbed and transferred to numerous organs, such as the brain, liver, kidney, muscles, and heart, and it is ultimately stored in mineralizing tissues such as bones and teeth.

Promotion of cellular differentiation and DNA repair potential in brain cancer cells by Shankhpushpi, (Clitoria ternatea L.) with rasayana properties in vitro.

Background: Brain ageing is accompanied by the diminution of neuronal plasticity, which is correlated with the inability to respond to loss of memory, various stress-induced stimuli, and increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders. In the recent past, plant based herbal medicines are of interest over synthetic drugs for therapeutic purposes due to lower side effects. The Indian traditional medicine Ayurveda describes several herbal remedies, such as rasayana (elixirs for rejuvenation), to treat many age-related diseases.

Nanotechnology-based non-invasive strategies in ocular therapeutics: Approaches, limitations to clinical translation, and safety concerns.

The eye is a highly sensitive and vital component that significantly affects human quality of life. Diseases that affect the eye are major contributors to visual impairment and blindness and can have a profound effect on an individual's well-being. Ocular drug delivery is challenging because of physiological and anatomical barriers.

Possible effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on contextual fear conditioning, hippocampal perivascular space, apoptosis and adrenal gland microarchitecture in rats.

Whilst the world sees the tremendous growth of mobile phone technology, radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) induced possible health effects have emerged as a topic of recent day debate. The current study is designed to test the hypothesis that chronic 900MHz radiation exposure would potentially dysregulate the stress response system (HPA axis) in vivo, via, its non-thermal mechanisms, leading to alterations in the microarchitecture of the adrenal gland, vulnerable brain regions such as the hippocampus which may results in altered behaviours in rats. Male albino Wistar rats aged four weeks, weighing 50-60g were subjected to 900MHz radiation from a cellphone for four weeks at a rate of one hour per day.

Menthol-based Novel Ultra-Deformable Vesicle: Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of an Antifungal Drug.

The current study aims to establish a novel ultra-deformable vesicular system to enhance the drug penetration across the skin by preparing the ketoconazole-loaded menthosomes. It was achieved through regular thin-film evaporation & hydration techniques. To examine the effect of formulation parameters on menthosome characteristics, a 2 full factorial design was used using Design-Expert® software.

Diverse phenotype of Ménière's disease associated with family history, thyroid disorder, migraine and associated disorders.

Objective: To better understand the clinical phenotype of Ménière's disease (MD), we examined family history, thyroid disorder, migraine, and associated disorders in complaints of people living with MD.

Method: We designed the study as a retrospective and examined data gathered from 912 participants with MD. Their data were originally collected by the Finnish Ménière Federation (FMF).

LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axes as potential biomarkers in cervical cancer: a comprehensive overview.

Despite the recent advances in vaccination and treatment strategies, cervical cancer continues to claim numerous lives every year. Owing to the fact that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) interact with coding transcripts, and effectuate key roles in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of cervical cancer, there has been extensive research in recent years to explore their potential as biomarkers for early detection, or as therapeutic targets. Through this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in discoveries about cervical cancer-associated lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axes, their dysregulation, and their roles in various signaling pathways associated with the growth, survival, invasion, and metastasis of cervical cancer cells.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review of Advancements in Diagnostics, Treatment, and Operational Efficiency.

Background And Aims: Artificial Intelligence (AI) beginning to integrate in healthcare, is ushering in a transformative era, impacting diagnostics, altering personalized treatment, and significantly improving operational efficiency. The study aims to describe AI in healthcare, including important technologies like robotics, machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), and to investigate how these technologies are used in patient interaction, predictive analytics, and remote monitoring. The goal of this review is to present a thorough analysis of AI's effects on healthcare while providing stakeholders with a road map for navigating this changing environment.

A Core Outcome Set for Adult General ICU Patients.

Objectives: Randomized clinical trials informing clinical practice (e.g., like large, pragmatic, and late-phase trials) should ideally mostly use harmonized outcomes that are important to patients, family members, clinicians, and researchers.

Structural Dynamics of Neutral Amino Acid Transporter SLC6A19 in Simple and Complex Lipid Bilayers.

B0AT1 (SLC6A19) is a major sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter that relies on angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) or collectrin for membrane trafficking. Despite its significant role in disorders associated with amino acid metabolism, there is a deficit of comprehensive structure-function understanding of B0AT1 in lipid environment. Herein, we have employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore the architectural characteristics of B0AT1 in two distinct environments: a simplified POPC bilayer and a complex lipid system replicating the native membrane composition.

TRIM32 regulates insulin sensitivity by controlling insulin receptor degradation in the liver.

Impaired insulin receptor signaling is strongly linked to obesity-related metabolic conditions like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, the exact mechanisms behind impaired insulin receptor (INSR) signaling in obesity induced by a high-fat diet remain elusive. In this study, we identify an E3 ubiquitin ligase, tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32), as a key regulator of hepatic insulin signaling that targets the insulin receptor (INSR) for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in high-fat diet (HFD) mice.

Biological functions of extracellular vesicle double C2-like domain beta in cervical cancer.

Double C-2 Like Domain Beta (DOC2B) located at 17q13.3 prevents metastasis by senescence induction and epithelial to mesenchymal transition inhibition in cervical cancer (CC). The extracellular vesicle (EV) mediated trafficking of DOC2B and its impact on tumor suppressive activity are not investigated in CC.

Biotechnological advances in plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for sustainable agriculture.

The rhizosphere, the soil zone surrounding plant roots, serves as a reservoir for numerous beneficial microorganisms that enhance plant productivity and crop yield, with substantial potential for application as biofertilizers. These microbes play critical roles in ecological processes such as nutrient recycling, organic matter decomposition, and mineralization. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) represent a promising tool for sustainable agriculture, enabling green management of crop health and growth, being eco-friendly alternatives to replace chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Biological and chemical properties of new multi-functional root canal irrigants.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of multi-functional root canal irrigating solutions in the removal of canal wall smear layers, antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and tissue dissolution efficacy.

Methods: Forty single-rooted teeth were mechanically instrumented and irrigated with Triton, EndoJuice™, EDTA, and 0.9 % saline.

Determination of Intrinsic Clearance and Fraction Unbound in Human Liver Microsomes and In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation of Human Hepatic Clearance for Marketed Central Nervous System Drugs.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the apparent intrinsic clearance (Cl) and fraction unbound in human liver microsomes (f) of 86 marketed central nervous system (CNS) drugs and to predict the in vivo hepatic blood clearance (CL).

Methods: Cl in human liver microsomes (HLM) was determined by substrate depletion, and f was determined by equilibrium dialysis. The relationship between lipophilicity (logP) and unbound intrinsic clearance (Cl) was explored using the Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) and Extended Clearance Classification System (ECCS).

Association Between Neighborhood Deprivation and Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major global health concern, affecting maternal and child health. Although genetic predispositions and individual medical histories are well-recognized risk factors, emerging research suggests a significant impact of external factors like neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics. This study systematically reviews and meta-analyzes the association between neighborhood deprivation and GDM incidence.

Comparing and assessing physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines for different populations with and without chronic conditions and/or disabilities: a systematic review protocol.

Physical activity guidelines targeting different populations with and without chronic diseases or disabilities are required to meet the diverse functional and physiological needs experienced by different subgroups of people to achieve optimal health benefits. As the importance of physical activity guidelines in promoting optimal health and well-being becomes increasingly recognised, there is a critical need for their systematic evaluation to ensure they remain effective, applicable and aligned with evolving health needs and scientific insights. This study aims to systematically review, critically evaluate, and compare global physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines on frequency, intensity, time, and type of exercise for adults, pregnant and postpartum women, and people living with chronic conditions and/or disabilities.

Excipient induced allergies in oral medications: unravelling the covert threat - a systematic review.

Excipients have been identified as 'inert' substances that often enhance the non-pharmacological aspects of a medication. However, recent clinical evidence elucidates their potential in inducing anaphylaxis and indicates that they are often overlooked as potential allergens in routine clinical practice. The aim of the study was to assimilate published evidence on excipient-induced allergies associated with the use of oral medications and to underline their potential as potent allergens.

Harnessing Trichoderma Mycoparasitism as a Tool in the Management of Soil Dwelling Plant Pathogens.

Maintaining and enhancing agricultural productivity for food security while preserving the ecology and environment from the harmful effects of toxicants is the main challenge in modern monoculture farming systems. Microbial biological agents can be a promising substitute for traditional synthetic pesticides to manage plant diseases. Trichoderma spp.

Mechanistic Modeling the Role of MicroRNAs and Transcription Factors in Disease Progression.

In this chapter, we illustrate the utilization of network analysis and mechanistic modeling, two potent branches of systems biology, to simplify the representation of intricate biological processes such as cell signaling, gene regulation, and metabolic pathways. Specifically, we demonstrate the application of a well-established method to generate a microRNA-transcription factor-gene regulatory feed-forward loop network extracted from the GEO dataset GSE163877. Furthermore, we outline a method for constructing a deterministic model using the LSODA method based on the sub-network.

Role of ZFHX4 in orofacial clefting based on human genetic data and zebrafish models.

Orofacial clefting (OFC) is a frequent congenital anomaly and can occur either in the context of underlying syndromes or in isolation (nonsyndromic). The two common OFC phenotypes are cleft lip with/without cleft palate (CL/P) and cleft palate only (CPO). In this study, we searched for penetrant CL/P genes, by evaluating de novo copy number variants (CNV) from an exome sequencing dataset of 50 nonsyndromic patient-parent trios.