A bibliometric analysis of publication output in selected South American countries.

Research output provides an insight into the development of the scientific capability of a country. Budget allocation for research and development (R&D) is directly proportional to the research output of a country. Bibliometric analysis of South American countries has not been done in many studies.

Exosomes: Mediators of cellular communication in potentially malignant oral lesions and head and neck cancers.

Exosomes are a unique type of extracellular vesicles that contain a plethora of biological cargo such as miRNA, mRNA, long non-coding RNA, DNA, proteins and lipids. Exosomes serve as very effective means of intercellular communication. Due the presence of a lipid bilayer membrane, exosomes are resistant to degradation and are highly stable.

Cell Junctions in Periodontal Health and Disease: An Insight.

Cells are the building blocks of all living organisms. The presence of cell junctions such as tight junctions, gap junctions, and anchoring junctions between cells play a role in cell-to-cell communication in periodontal health and disease. A literature search was done in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science to gather information about the effect of cell junctions on periodontal health and disease.

Elemental Composition of Betel Leaves Using a Novel Optical Spectroscopic Technique.

Objective: Assess trace elements in betel leaves and slaked lime from different regions of Karnataka, India using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). Materials and Method: Betel leaves from six different regions of Karnataka were obtained and named (for the purpose of the study) BL1, BL2, BL3, BL4, BL5, and BL6 and they were sun-dried. A single tube of slaked lime was obtained from the local ‘paan’ shop.

Comparative evaluation of pH and Ca ion release from MTA on interaction with platelet-rich fibrin and blood clot: an study.

'Regenerative endodontics' using host-derived scaffolds and biomaterials (MTA) is popular in the management of teeth with open apex. Alkaline pH and bioactivity contribute to tissue healing and remineralization. We assessed the influence of PRF and Blood Clot on the pH and Ca ion release from MTA.

A scoping review exploring oral health inequalities in India: a call for action to reform policy, practice and research.

Introduction: Reduction in health inequalities and providing universal access to health care have been identified as two important global milestones by the World Health Organization for countries to achieve by 2030. Therefore, recognizing the magnitude of oral health inequalities in India has become a pressing priority to improve access to dental care within the country. This scoping review was conducted with the aim of reviewing, collating and analysing the current knowledge base on oral health inequalities in India.

Effect of whitening toothpastes on the surface roughness and microhardness of human teeth-an in vitro study.

Objective: To determine the effect of whitening toothpastes on the surface roughness and microhardness of human teeth.

Methodology: Surface roughness was estimated using the Talysurf instrument, and microhardness was estimated using the Vickers hardness tester before and after the application of whitening toothpastes on mounted extracted human teeth.

Results: In the activated charcoal group, there was a reduction in the surface roughness from 1.

Effectiveness of probiotics compared to antibiotics to treat periodontal disease: Systematic review.

Objectives: Probiotics are promising adjuncts to non-surgical periodontal therapy (scaling and root planing (SRP)) for managing gingival and periodontal diseases. Probiotics are considered alternatives to antibiotics, especially with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Hence, the present systematic review aims to generate evidence on the role of probiotics compared to antimicrobial agents for managing periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis).

Building Automation Pipeline for Diagnostic Classification of Sporadic Odontogenic Keratocysts and Non-Keratocysts Using Whole-Slide Images.

The microscopic diagnostic differentiation of odontogenic cysts from other cysts is intricate and may cause perplexity for both clinicians and pathologists. Of particular interest is the odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), a developmental cyst with unique histopathological and clinical characteristics. Nevertheless, what distinguishes this cyst is its aggressive nature and high tendency for recurrence.

4-Year Pulp Survival in a Randomized Trial on Direct Pulp Capping.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess pulp survival in a randomized trial on pulp lavage in adult nonpainful posterior teeth with carious pulp exposure. The treatment included complete caries excavation, direct pulp capping with mineral trioxide aggregate, and immediate restoration with composite resin.

Methods: Fluid was collected from the pulp wound to assess matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and total protein values.

A Nonlinear Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution and Microstrain Evaluation in Short Dental Implants with Three Different Implant-Abutment Connections in Single and Splinted Conditions in the Posterior Mandible.

Background: Stress distribution plays a vital role in the longevity and success of implant-supported prosthesis. This study evaluated the von Mises stress and microstrain in the peri-implant bone and the implant-abutment junction of short dental implants with three different implant-abutment connections in splinted and unsplinted conditions using finite element analysis (FEA).

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, nine transversely isotropic finite element models were developed, and randomly divided into three equal groups (n = 3): control, (Group AC) single-standard 4.

Reliability of the electric pulp tester as an indicator of pulpal anesthesia in primary maxillary posterior teeth to assess the need for supplemental injections: An observational clinical study.

Background: The primary maxillary molars occasionally remain sensitive during operative procedures even post the buccal supraperiosteal injection. This could be due to the widely flared palatal roots receiving accessory innervation from the palatal nerves. Identifying inadequate anesthesia upfront using the electric pulp test (EPT) would give vital information to the clinician on the need of a supplemental palatal injection.

Expression of PTCH gene in ameloblastoma and odontogenic keratocyst: A comparative study.

Aim: This is a cross-sectional comparative study, aimed to quantify the expression of patched (PTCH) gene in ameloblastoma, odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and also the comparison of both the expressions.

Materials And Methods: Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted and quantified, and the expression of the PTCH gene was done in 17 cases of ameloblastoma and 17 cases of OKC by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results: It was observed that there was an overexpression of the PTCH gene in both ameloblastoma and OKC with a good mean cycle threshold (CT) value of 32.

Anti-infective Efficacy of Mechanical Debridement with Adjunctive Modalities on Clinical and Cytokine Parameters in Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objectives:  Periodontal debridement involves conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) along with variant forms of adjunctive therapies. In the present clinical trial, we investigated if the adjunctive use of HybenX gel or diode laser along with SRP could provide a favorable outcome for the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Materials And Methods:  The present study involved 60 subjects diagnosed with chronic periodontitis who were randomly assigned as test groups (laser or HybenX) or control group (SRP alone).

Effect of educational intervention in reducing exposure to second hand tobacco smoke among 12-year-old children as determined by their salivary cotinine levels and knowledge, attitude and behavior - a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Tobacco use is one of the most important public health concerns, with approximately 8.7 million tobacco-related deaths each year, primarily in low- and middle-income countries. Even more concerning is the fact that 1.

Nanotechnology-based mucoadhesive and mucus-penetrating drug-delivery systems for transbuccal drug delivery.

Buccal drug-delivery systems present a promising approach for the drug delivery to the buccal mucosa, addressing oral cavity-specific problems, enabling systemic delivery and minimizing adverse effects on biological systems. Numerous strategies have been proposed to load drug-containing nanoparticles (NPs) to the buccal mucosa for local and systemic applications. There has been considerable interest in the development of mucoadhesive buccal formulations, particularly hydrogel composites utilizing mucoadhesive films incorporating NPs.

Spontaneous miscarriage/abortion in the first trimester and expectant management - a meta-analysis approach.

Introduction: To determine effectiveness and side effects of expectant care in first-trimester miscarriage. An increase in the spontaneous miscarriage rate and its associated complications exerts a burden on the overall health and quality of life of women. Expectant care in a first-trimester miscarriage has shown success ranging 75-80%.

Correlational analysis between salivary and blood glucose levels in individuals with and without diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To estimate the association of patient-related demographic, socioeconomic status, physical activity, stress, and dietary factors influencing the relationship between salivary and blood glucose levels in individuals with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).

Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 166 participants with and without DM. Saliva and blood were collected to estimate the glucose levels.

Nintedanib-induced osteomyelitis of the jaw against the background of COVID-19 infection.

Purpose: Various medications are administered to treat Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and prevent its complications. Some medicines have complications and long-term effects, which may mimic other conditions, making precise diagnosis difficult. This report aims to bring to light one such complication, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), secondary to a commonly prescribed medication for preventing lung fibrosis post-COVID-19 infection.

Role of Dietary Fibre in Managing Periodontal Diseases-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Intervention Studies.

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease, that leads to tooth loss and is associated with other systemic diseases. The role of dietary fibre in the prevention and management of periodontal diseases is not well understood. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess how an intake of dietary fibre affects periodontal diseases in humans and any concomitant effects on systemic inflammation.

Prevalence of Incidental Maxillary Sinus Anomalies on CBCT Scans: A Radiographic Study.

CBCT significantly impacts dental procedures and has brought significant reforms to our approach to diagnosis and treatment planning despite its limitations in differentiating soft tissues. It is an excellent imaging modality and quickly identifies sinus opacification and provides valuable insight into paranasal sinus pathologies, with considerably lower radiation exposure. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of maxillary sinus abnormalities in CBCT scans, identify the frequency, type, and location of these findings, and find the correlation between the distance of periapical lesions and radiographic changes in the maxillary sinus.

Investigating the link between frontal sinus morphology and craniofacial characteristics with sex: A 3D CBCT study on the South Indian population.

Measurement of craniofacial parameters plays an important role in sex determination in forensic science. The present study was done using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans to evaluate the morphologic structure of the frontal sinuses and compare it with the width of nasal, cranial, maxillary and mandibular width which might help us in sex determination. A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted using 142 full field of view (FOV) scans of patients archived from the department.