Nanoparticles in CNS Therapeutics: Pioneering Drug Delivery Advancements.

Introduction: The incidence of Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and malignancies, has risen significantly in recent decades, contributing to millions of deaths annually. Efficacious treatment of these disorders requires medicines targeting the brain. The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) poses a formidable challenge to effective drug delivery to the brain, hindering progress in CNS therapeutics.

A scoping review on parental/caregiver challenges in maintaining oral hygiene among children with autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Dental practitioners must develop feasible and evidence-based strategies to help parents/caregivers successfully implement daily oral hygiene measures among their children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Aim: This scoping review aimed to explore challenges faced by parents/caregivers while performing routine oral hygiene care among their children with ASD.

Design: A methodological framework recommended by Arksey and O'Malley and reporting guidelines prescribed by PRISMA-ScR were adopted.

Can periodontitis affect the COVID-19 severity, symptoms, hospital stay, and mortality? A case-control study.

Background/purpose: Poor oral hygiene and periodontal disease have been identified as potential risk factors for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present study aimed to determine the association between periodontitis and COVID-19 severity, nature of symptoms, mortality, and hospital stay.

Methods: In total, 163 COVID-19-positive patients (men: 93; women: 70) were categorized into two groups: the control group, consisting of 120 patients with asymptomatic or mild symptoms, and the case group, consisting of 43 patients with moderate-to-severe symptoms.

Indocyanine green based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in periodontal maintenance patients: a clinico-microbiological study.

Antimicrobial Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of periodontitis is being increasingly gaining attention but at present, very limited data are available on the clinical and microbiological outcomes obtained following Indocyanine Green as the photosensitizer in Maintenance patients. The objective was to evaluate the efficiency of Indocyanine(ICG)-green based photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in patients enrolled in maintenance therapy. Using a split mouth study design, 24 participants enrolled in the maintenance therapy, having diagnosed as Periodontitis, were randomly subjected to scaling and root planing(SRP).

Impact of final rinse with saline or alcohol solution on root canal sealability.

Endodontic irrigation protocols are not only used to clean and disinfect the root canal system, but also to condition the canal wall dentine for subsequent root filling. In this study we tested whether a final irrigation step with saline solution or 80% ethanol improved root canal sealabilty by two popular sealers, an epoxy resin (AH Plus) and a hydraulic calcium silicate cement-based product (BioRoot RCS). Root canals in extracted single-rooted human teeth were instrumented and filled with a matched gutta-percha cone and sealer.

Mapping the Nordic Research Landscape for the period 2016-2020: a comprehensive study of research outcomes, collaborations, and impact.

Background: This article aims to study the research outcomes of five Nordic countries in terms of research publications, spend on R&D, outcomes and collaborations as these are important parameters to understand research thrust of the countries/regions, in addition to their innovation capability.

Methods: The research outcomes of the Nordic countries in terms of the total number of publications, coauthored publications, publications with corporate collaborators, citations, the Field Weighted Citation Index (FWCI) and publications in different subject areas were retrieved using Scopus and its associate SciVal. The research outcomes were extracted for five years from 2016-2020.

Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing and cross platform messaging application in improving oral health knowledge, attitude and behaviours among pregnant women- A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Body goes through significant hormonal and physiological changes during pregnancy, which could be linked to changes in oral health. Many women are unaware of the negative consequences of poor dental health during and after pregnancy, both for themselves and their children. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) and cross platform messaging application (WhatsApp messenger) for oral health education on the oral health knowledge, attitude and behaviours among pregnant women attending ante natal care.

Role of CRISPR-Cas systems in periodontal disease pathogenesis and potential for periodontal therapy: A review.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) are DNA sequences capable of editing a host genome sequence. CRISPR and its specific CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein complexes have been adapted for various applications. These include activating or inhibiting specific genetic sequences or acting as molecular scissors to cut and modify the host DNA precisely.

Exploring medical and dental practitioner perspectives and developing a knowledge attitude and practice (KAP) evaluation tool for the common risk factor approach in managing non-communicable and periodontal diseases.

Background: The Common Risk Factor Approach (CRFA) is one of the methods to achieve medical-dental integration. CRFA addresses shared risk factors among major Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs). This study aimed to explore the perspectives of dental and medical practitioners concerning CRFA for managing NCDs and periodontal diseases and to create and validate a tool to evaluate the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of medical and dental practitioners in relation to utilization of CRFA for management of NCDs and Periodontal diseases.

Comparison of Sagittal Condylar Guidance Angle Obtained by Radiographic Methods and Manual Programming of Articulators in Dentate Patients - A Clinico-radiographic Study.

Background: The ultimate goal of advanced procedures in prosthetic dentistry is to construct a prosthesis based on the accurate reproduction of condylar guidance.

Aim: To compare the sagittal condylar inclination obtained using the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), panoramic image, and two articulator systems.

Settings And Design: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 20 dentate patients in the age group of 20-40 years.

Osseointegrative and antimicrobial properties of graphene oxide nano coated dental implants: A systematic review.

Introduction: Osseointegration stands as a pivotal concept within the realm of dental implants, signifying the intricate process through which a dental implant integrates with the adjoining bone tissue. Graphene oxide (GO) has been shown to promote osseointegration, the process by which the implant fuses with the surrounding bone. The objective of this study was to assess the osseointegrative and antimicrobial properties of GO nano coated dental implants.

Prevalence of tooth wear diseases in patients with diabetes and its impact on the quality of life in Dakshina Kannada population: a cross sectional study.

Background: Early detection and management of tooth wear (TW) has not been given due consideration in the dental profession. Thus, this study aimed to explore the prevalence of TW in adults with diabetes in Dakshina Kannada population using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) and recording its impact on quality of life using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14).

Methods: In total, 236 dentate adults with diabetes and TW, who visited the Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore were recruited to the study.

Transforming Prosthodontics and oral implantology using robotics and artificial intelligence.

The current review focuses on how artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics can be applied to the field of Prosthodontics and oral implantology. The classification and methodologies of AI and application of AI and robotics in various aspects of Prosthodontics is summarized. The role of AI has potentially expanded in dentistry.

Current Concepts of Ablative Surgery in Oral Cavity Cancer.

Introduction: Ablative surgery has evolved over the years with the attempt to extirpate the tumor in its entirety with the understanding of the molecular tumor biology, pattern of tumor invasion of the tumors, as well as availability of better instrumentations.

Materials And Methods: Subset-based evaluation and management of oral cancer.

Conclusion: For oral cancer, surgery is still the primary therapeutic option.

Oral Metronomic Chemotherapy in Advanced and Metastatic Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Need of the Hour.

Aim: The present review article aims to compile the best available evidence-based data on oral metronomic chemotherapy (OMCT) including its mechanism of action, its utility, and future directions.

Methods: A systematic search was carried out in PubMed database for available English literature from last 10 years between 2011 and 2021. Keyword combinations used were 'Oral Metronomic chemotherapy for oral cancer, mechanism of action of OMCT, Oral metronomic chemotherapy in India, OMCT in recurrent and palliative treatment of oral cancers.

A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Root Caries Amongst the Elderly Population in Udupi District, Karnataka State, India.

Objectives: To compare the prevalence of root surface carious lesions among the nondiabetic and diabetic elderly population and its association with various risk factors.

Methods: An observational analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 elderly participants, 431 males and 369 females, aged 50 years and above, with a minimum of ten teeth present, with 400 being diabetic and 400 nondiabetic from the various hospitals of the Udupi district. Demographics, socioeconomic status, oral hygiene practices, oral abusive habits, and history of type 2 diabetes were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire followed by an intraoral examination to assess root caries.

Potential of active learning in dentistry: A comparative study of Jigsaw versus inquired-based learning.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Jigsaw and Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) methods in promoting effective learning outcomes within diverse dental educational settings.

Methods: A total of 188 dental undergraduate students were recruited for the study and divided into Batch A (n = 96) and Batch B (n = 92). Each batch underwent two teaching sessions, one using the Jigsaw method and the other using IBL.

Periodontal Tissue Homoeostasis, Immunity, the Red Complex Pathogens, and Dysbiosis: Unraveling the microRNA Effect.

microRNAs are a family of small, non-coding RNA molecules that can regulate the translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Numerous miRNAs have been proposed as potential indicators for periodontal disease, and their regulation might serve as a potent means of restricting the disease process. MiRNAs act as important immune system regulators that promote the production of many cytokines, including interferon (IFN), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-1as well as RANK.