Virulence factor profiles, phylogenetic background, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of lactose fermenting and nonlactose fermenting Escherichia coli from extraintestinal sources.

Context: In recent years, nonlactose fermenting (NLF) Escherichia coli have been increasingly isolated in the microbiology laboratory, but their clinical significance has not yet been clearly elucidated.

Aims: To characterize the lactose fermenting (LF) and NLF isolates on the basis of their virulence factors, phylogenetic background, and drug resistance property.

Settings And Design: This descriptive study was carried out in a multi-specialty tertiary care hospital.

Sevelamer Hydrochloride for Tumor Lysis Syndrome-related Hyperphosphatemia.

Background: Tumour lysis syndrome is associated with high levels of uric acid, phosphate and potassium along with low levels of calcium and abnormal renal function. Sevelamer, an oral phosphate-binder is used in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in children and adults on hemodialysis.

Case Characteristics: Two children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who presented with a high tumour load and developed tumour lysis syndrome.

Difficulties in using Oswestry Disability Index in Indian patients and validity and reliability of translator-assisted Oswestry Disability Index.

Background And Aim Of The Study: In Indian patients, in view of language plurality and illiteracy, self-reporting of English version of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is not practical. Our study aim was to find out to what extent self-reporting of ODI was possible and in cases where self-reporting was not possible, to see validity and reliability of a translator-assisted ODI score.

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients with low backache and who could not use the English version were assessed with ODI with the use of two translators at a gap of 3 h in a test and retest manner.

Lhermitte's Sign: The Current Status.

Lhermitte's sign was described by Marie and Chatelin and named after Jean Lhermitte. This sign is mostly described as an electric shock like condition by some patients of multiple sclerosis. This sensation occurs when the neck is moved in a wrong way or rather flexed.

Hypertrichosis pinnae auris may enhance the hearing power of an individual.

In this correspondence, we hypothesize that the hypertrichosis pinnae auris might influence the hearing power of an individual. It is a well established fact that the inner cells of the ears acts as sensory cells which respond to the incoming sound vibrations. The occurrence and degree of hairiness have been reported to increase with advancing age; therefore, we theorize that there might be the presence of the sensory activity in the hairs present on the outer area of the ear, which would enhance the hearing ability of the individuals.

Microbiological Profile and Drug Sensitivity Pattern among Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients in Tertiary Care Centre in Mangalore, Coastal Karnataka, India.

Background: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is the most common respiratory tract infection in day to day practice. The knowledge of organism commonly causative of CAP helps in early empirical treatment initiation.

Aim: To study the microbiological profile of patients with community acquired pneumonia and to study drug sensitivity pattern.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia: A rare lesion that mimics oral cancer clinically and histopathologically.

With screening for oral cancer being increasingly performed by physicians, ulceroproliferative lesions of the oral cavity that resemble carcinoma may present a diagnostic challenge. We present one such case wherein the lesion resolved spontaneously after incisional biopsy. A clinical diagnosis of necrotizing sialometaplasia was confirmed by histopathology.

HIV in Females: A Clinico-epidemiological Study.

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virusinfected women account for almost half the number of cases of HIV worldwide. Despite reduction in HIV prevalence among the population, the percentage of Indian women contracting the disease seems to have increased. The social implications are also different in females.

Bilateral parotid enlargement following snake bite: a rare sign.

Snakebite is a common medical emergency in India. Unusual complications may occur after viper bite. Bilateral parotid enlargement after viper bite is a rare entity.

Effect of eccentric isotonic quadriceps muscle exercises on patellofemoral pain syndrome: an exploratory pilot study.

Purpose: There is a decrease in quadriceps muscle strength in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Various types of strengthening exercises of the quadriceps are done as part of its management, but the effect of isotonic eccentric quadriceps muscle exercises on patellofemoral pain syndrome has not been studied. Hence the aim of this exploratory pilot study was to evaluate the effect of eccentric quadriceps training in patients with patellofemoral pain.

Microleakage of bonded amalgam restorations using different adhesive agents with dye under vacuum: an in vitro study.

Aim: In an effort to minimize tooth preparation, yet provide additional retention to compromised tooth structure, bonded amalgam restorations were introduced. Various resin-based adhesives have been tried earlier under bonded amalgam restorations. Still there are controversies regarding the outcome of bonded amalgam restorations regarding their adaptability to the tooth structure and microleakage.