Repeat Cesarean Section among Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Center of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Cesarean Section is the most common obstetrics surgery done for both maternal and fetal indications. There is a rising trend of cesarean section rates which is associated with increased maternal morbidities. This study aims to find out the prevalence of repeat Cesarean Section among women with previous cesarean sections done in a tertiary centre.

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C among HIV Infected Patients in Nepal over 1990-2020.

Background Hepatitis B and C (HBV and HCV) are viral infections caused by corresponding viruses. Here in this study we planned to conduct this meta-analysis to pool data on the prevalence and risk factors of HBV and/or HCV among HIV patients in Nepal. Method We used MOOSE guideline for the systemic review of available literature.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Nepal from 2000 to 2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

 To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from 2000-2020 in various parts of Nepal.   PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched using the appropriate keywords. All Nepalese studies mentioning the prevalence of T2DM and/or details such as risk factors were included.

Epidemiology of Road Traffic Accidents in Nepal from 2009/10 to 2019/20: A 10 Year Study.

Background: Road traffic accidents are the leading cause of deaths worldwide among children and young adults aged between 5 to 29 years. The risk of road traffic accident-related death is higher in low-income countries. Thus, we aim to evaluate the epidemiology of road traffic accidents in Nepal during the fiscal years from 2009/10 to 2019/20.

Carbamazepine induced toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome overlapping during pregnancy in a South-East Asian patient: A case report.

Introduction: Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are rare and severe forms of drug-induced skin reaction. Most frequently involved drugs are noted to be non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, antibiotics, and anticonvulsants. These have high morbidity and mortality and counts among dermatological emergencies.

Sleep quality among undergraduate students of a medical college in Nepal during COVID-19 pandemic: an online survey.

Background Good sleep quality is associated with a diverse range of positive outcomes such as better health, less daytime sleepiness, well-being and proper psychological functioning. Sleep deprivation or poor sleep quality leads to many metabolic, endocrine, and immune changes. Many studies have shown changes in sleep schedule along with worsening of sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Burnout among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu; A cross-sectional study.

Background: Medical students are more prone to burnout than the general population and students of other faculties due to the demanding nature of medical education with limited time and resources. Burnout has a negative impact on the academics and personal life of the students which can continue into their professional life and ultimately hamper patient care. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of burnout among medical students of a medical college and find its association with age, gender, and year of study.

Immunopathogenesis and immunobiology of SARS-CoV-2.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in a very short span of thirteen months has taken a considerable toll on humanity, resulting in over 3 million deaths with more than 150 million confirmed cases as on May 1, 2021. In the scarcity of a potential antiviral and protective vaccine, COVID-19 has posed high public health concerns, panic, and challenges to limit the spread of this pandemic virus. Only recently have a few vaccine candidates been developed, and vaccination programs have started in some countries.

Is Hydroxychloroquine with Azithromycin a Good Combination in COVID-19 Compared to Hydroxychloroquine Alone from Cardiac Perspective? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The global spread of COVID-19 and the lack of definite treatment have caused an alarming crisis in the world. We aimed to evaluate the outcome and potential harmful cardiac effects of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin compared to hydroxychloroquine alone for COVID-19 treatment.

Methods: PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.

Prevalence, awareness, risk factors and control of hypertension in Nepal from 2000 to 2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To analyse published literatures on prevalence, awareness, risk factors and control of hypertension in Nepal.

Methods: We used electronic databases to search relevant articles from January 2000 till October 2020. All relevant data from selected studies were extracted into a standardized form designed in Excel.

N-acetyl cysteine versus standard of care for non-acetaminophen induced acute liver injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the treatment of acetaminophen induced acute liver injury (ALI) is well established but its role in non-acetaminophen induced ALI is still elusive. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the role of NAC in non-acetaminophen induced ALI. We searched electronic databases for studies published till Oct 25, 2020.

Psychological distress among health service providers during COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has provoked a wide variety of psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and panic disorders, especially among health service providers. Due to a greater risk of exposure to the virus, increased working hours, and fear of infecting their families, health service providers are more vulnerable to emotional distress than the general population during this pandemic. This online survey attempts to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 and its associated variables among healthcare workers in Nepal.

Urology during COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: A Systematic Review.

 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has evolved as a pandemic of unimaginable magnitude. The health care system is facing a tremendous challenge to provide ethical and quality care. The transformation of the patient-based care to population-based care during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised ethical dilemma among urologists.

Different aspects of convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 treatment; a critical review.

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) and is ominously threatening the survival of humankind on the whole planet. With a quick spread of the outbreak from its origin, Wuhan, China, to almost all over the world, it has affected more than seven million people to date, hence it has devastated every part of the infrastructural skeleton of governance. Continuously escalating disease burden and lack of proven therapeutic approaches are mounting challenges to health scientists and ultimately to healthcare providers.

Role of Statins in the Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in the Population with Mean Cholesterol in the Near-Optimal to Borderline High Range: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The objective of this meta-analysis was to analyze the benefits and harms of treating the population with statins in those having mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the near-optimal (100 to 129 mg/dl) to borderline high (130 to 159 mg/dl) range and free of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: We searched PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 1994 and July 2020. We included RCTs with greater than 90% of participants free of CVD.

Hepatitis B vaccination status and knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Hepatitis B among preclinical medical students of a medical college in Nepal.

Background: Hepatitis B imposes a major public health problem with an increased risk of occupational exposure among unvaccinated health care workers. This study was conducted to determine the Hepatitis B vaccination status, along with the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Hepatitis B, among preclinical medical students of a medical college in Nepal.

Materials And Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among preclinical students of a medical college in Kathmandu, Nepal from 6th July to 14th July 2020.

Remdesivir: A potential game-changer or just a myth? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: COVID-19 outbreak has created a public health catastrophe all over the world. Here, we have aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on remdesivir use for COVID-19.

Main Methods: We searched Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and preprint sites and identified ten studies for qualitative and four studies for quantitative analysis using PRISMA guidelines.

Corticosteroids in COVID-19: Is it Rational? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Due to a lack of definitive treatment, many drugs were repurposed for Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) treatment; among them, corticosteroid is one. However, its benefit or harm while treating COVID-19 is not fully studied. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to assess the rationality on the use of corticosteroids in COVID-19.

Psychological distress in Nepalese residents during COVID-19 pandemic: a community level survey.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented health and economic impact. Psychological stress, anxiety and depression are affecting not only COVID-19 patients but also health professionals, and general population. Fear of contracting COVID-19, forced restrictive social measures, and economic hardship are causing mental trauma.

Favipiravir versus other antiviral or standard of care for COVID-19 treatment: a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The COVID-19 causing coronavirus is an enveloped RNA virus that utilizes an enzyme RNA dependent RNA polymerase for its replication. Favipiravir (FVP) triphosphate, a purine nucleoside analog, inhibits that enzyme. We have conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis on efficacy and safety of the drug FVP as a treatment for COVID-19.

Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19: The Study Points to Premature Decisions on Efficacy While Bells Ringing for Safety.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been a global disease burden. It has affected more than sixteen million people in the world within seven months of its first outbreak in Wuhan. Different treatment modalities, therapeutic and prophylactic agents for its therapy are underway.