Development steps of multimodal exercise interventions for older adults with multimorbidity: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: Multicomponent exercise interventions are recommended for older adults and for those with chronic diseases. While multiple programs have been tested, no one has yet explored how these programs were developed. This review set out to determine what development steps multicomponent exercise intervention studies that include older adults with multimorbidity have taken.

Hydroxyapatite ceramic-coated femoral components in younger patients followed up for 27 to 32 years.

Aims: This study reports the results of 38 total hip arthroplasties (THAs) in 33 patients aged less than 50 years, using the JRI Furlong hydroxyapatite ceramic (HAC)-coated femoral component.

Methods: We describe the survival, radiological, and functional outcomes of 33 patients (38 THAs) at a mean follow-up of 27 years (25 to 32) between 1988 and 2018.

Results: Of the surviving 30 patients (34 THAs), there were four periprosthetic fractures: one underwent femoral revision after 21 years, two had surgical fixation as the stem was deemed stable, and one was treated nonoperatively due to the patient's comorbidities.

Intraoral Microvascular Anastomosis in Immediate Free Flap Reconstruction for Midfacial Tumor Defects: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

(1) Background: The current landscape of midface reconstruction is marked by ongoing evolution, with notable advancements in surgical techniques, microvascular procedures, and the implementation of multidisciplinary approaches, all of which have significantly enhanced both functional and aesthetic outcomes. Conventionally, microvascular anastomoses for free flaps in midfacial reconstruction have been executed using cervical vessels. However, this approach necessitates neck access, resulting in extraoral scars and a substantial pedicle length.

Circadian regulation of pulmonary disease: the importance of timing.

Circadian regulation causes the activity of biological processes to vary over a 24-h cycle. The pathological effects of this variation are predominantly studied using two different approaches: pre-clinical models or observational clinical studies. Both these approaches have provided useful insights into how underlying circadian mechanisms operate and specifically which are regulated by the molecular oscillator, a key time-keeping mechanism in the body.

The Use of Human Amniotic Membrane (hAM) as a Treatment Strategy of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Literature.

: Although it is very uncommon, medication-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (also known as MRONJ) can have serious consequences. Traditionally, this adverse event has been recognised in patients who were treated with bisphosphonate (BP) drugs. Nevertheless, in recent years, it has been established that individuals having treatment with various types of medications, such as a receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand inhibitor (denosumab) and antiangiogenic agents, have had the same issue.

What do women think about having received their breast cancer risk as part of a risk-stratified NHS Breast Screening Programme? A qualitative study.

Background: Risk-stratified screening is being considered for national breast screening programmes. It is unclear how women experience risk-stratified screening and receipt of breast cancer risk information in real time. This study aimed to explore the psychological impact of undergoing risk-stratified screening within England's NHS Breast Screening Programme.

A qualitative study to explore the acceptability and feasibility of implementing person-focused evidence-based pain education concepts in pre-registration physiotherapy training.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to engage with physiotherapy clinicians, academics, physiotherapy students and patients to explore the acceptability, feasibility, and practical considerations of implementing person-focused evidence-based pain education concepts, identified from our previous research, in pre-registration physiotherapy training.

Design: This qualitative study took a person-focused approach to ground pain education in the perspectives and experiences of people who deliver and use it. Data was collected focus groups and in-depth semi-structured interviews.

Clinician acceptability of an antibiotic prescribing knowledge support system for primary care: a mixed-method evaluation of features and context.

Background: Overprescribing of antibiotics is a major concern as it contributes to antimicrobial resistance. Research has found highly variable antibiotic prescribing in (UK) primary care, and to support more effective stewardship, the BRIT Project (Building Rapid Interventions to optimise prescribing) is implementing an eHealth Knowledge Support System. This will provide unique individualised analytics information to clinicians and patients at the point of care.

A New Tool to Aid the Differential Diagnosis of Physiological Remodelling from Cardiac Pathology When Assessing Left Ventricle, Left Atrial and Aortic Structure and Function in Male Arab and Black Paediatric Athletes.

To determine if published Z-scores for left ventricular (LV), left atrial (LA) and aortic structure as well as indices of LV function (Doppler and TDI) in paediatric athletes and non-athletes are appropriate for application in male Arab and black paediatric athletes. If inappropriate, we aim to provide new nomograms and Z-scores for clinical application. 417 (297 Arab, 120 black) male paediatric (11-18 years) athletes, were evaluated by 2D echocardiography as per British Society of Echocardiography recommendations, and biological age (by radiological X-ray) assessment.

Case Report: Spontaneous lung intercostal hernia series and literature review.

Spontaneous lung intercostal hernia (SLIH) is a rare condition potentially carrying severe morbidity. About 120 cases have been described so far, with an apparently increasing number of reports in recent years. The main presenting findings are chest pain and bulging, with ecchymosis in the affected area, hemoptysis, respiratory distress, and signs of infection or incarceration being described as well.

ClinCirc identifies alterations of the circadian peripheral oscillator in critical care patients.

BackgroundAssessing circadian rhythmicity from infrequently sampled data is challenging; however, these types of data are often encountered when measuring circadian transcripts in hospitalized patients.MethodsWe present ClinCirc. This method combines 2 existing mathematical methods (Lomb-Scargle periodogram and cosinor) sequentially and is designed to measure circadian oscillations from infrequently sampled clinical data.

Strategies for Success With Umbilical Cord Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children With Malignant and Non-Malignant Disease Indications.

Umbilical Cord blood is an intuitively attractive stem cell source, but its use has declined since it is associated with an increased procedure-related morbidity and transplant related mortality. Some of this reflects that cord blood transplants are more often HLA-mismatched compared to other unrelated donor transplants. The ability to transplant in such a setting, indeed without high rates of chronic Graft versus Host Disease (GVHD), constitutes an advantage compared to other unrelated donor cell sources and there are other advantages specifically associated with cord blood as a donor cell source.

Circulating Survivin Protein Levels in Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Platinum-Based Chemotherapy.

The survivin protein contributes to the development and progression of tumors. Protein expression and mRNA levels correlate with clinicopathological parameters and survival of cancer patients. Our purpose was to evaluate whether circulating survivin levels have any diagnostic or predictive value in lung cancer.

Immune infiltrate diversity confers a good prognosis in follicular lymphoma.

Background: Follicular lymphoma (FL) prognosis is influenced by the composition of the tumour microenvironment. We tested an automated approach to quantitatively assess the phenotypic and spatial immune infiltrate diversity as a prognostic biomarker for FL patients.

Methods: Diagnostic biopsies were collected from 127 FL patients initially treated with rituximab-based therapy (52%), radiotherapy (28%), or active surveillance (20%).

Uptake of internet-delivered UK adult hearing assessment.

Objective: To evaluate uptake of the internet-based hearing test, with respect to the 11% of UK adults that have hearing loss but do not use hearing aids.

Design: Feasibility study in a primary care practice in the North of England.

Study Sample: Adults aged 50-74 years were sent postal invitations to complete an internet hearing test ( = 600).

Histopathology at autopsy: why bother?

Aims: The frequency of histopathological sampling at autopsy varies, even though inadequate sampling may limit the value of autopsy reports. This study aims to investigate the contribution of histopathology at autopsy in a major teaching hospital.

Methods And Results: A total of 532 coronial autopsy reports from Manchester Royal Infirmary were analysed retrospectively.

Circadian asthma airway responses are gated by REV-ERBα.

Background: The circadian clock powerfully regulates inflammation and the clock protein REV-ERBα is known to play a key role as a repressor of the inflammatory response. Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airways with a strong time of day rhythm. Airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) is a dominant feature of asthma; however, it is not known if this is under clock control.

The introduction of risk stratified screening into the NHS breast screening Programme: views from British-Pakistani women.

Background: UK national guidelines suggest women at high-risk of breast cancer should be offered more frequent screening or preventative medications. Currently, only 1 in 6 high-risk women are identified. One route to identify more high-risk women is via multifactorial risk assessment as part of the UK's NHS Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP).

Engagement barriers and service inequities in the NHS Breast Screening Programme: Views from British-Pakistani women.

Objectives: Previous research has largely attempted to explore breast screening experiences of South Asian women by combining opinions from Pakistani, Bangladeshi, and Indian women. This research often fails to reach the most underserved sub-groups of this population, with socioeconomic status not routinely reported, and English fluency being a participation requirement. With uptake low amongst British-Pakistani women, this study explores the experiences these women encounter when accessing the NHS Breast Screening Programme.

'It's difficult, I think it's complicated': Health care professionals' barriers and enablers to providing opportunistic behaviour change interventions during routine medical consultations.

Objectives: Internationally, public health strategies encourage health care professionals to deliver opportunistic behaviour change interventions. The present study: (1) examines the barriers and enablers to delivering interventions during routine consultations, and (2) provides recommendations for the design of interventions to increase delivery of opportunistic behaviour change interventions.

Design: Qualitative interview study.

What do hearing healthcare professionals do to promote hearing aid use and benefit among adults? A systematic review.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the evidence in relation to what hearing healthcare professionals do during hearing aid consultations and identifying which behaviours promote hearing aid use and benefit among adult patients.

Design: Searches were performed in electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar. The Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool and Melnyk Levels of Evidence were used to assess quality and level of evidence of eligible studies.