The severity of inflammation in major neuropsychiatric disorders: comparison of neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios between schizophrenia, bipolar mania, bipolar depression, major depressive disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder.

Background: As non-specific markers of immune dysregulation, neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios (NLR and PLR) have been consistently shown to be increased in major neuropsychiatric disorders. Although this increase seems to be trans-diagnostic, the extent to which its magnitude differs between disorders remains largely unclear.

Aim: The aim of this study was to directly compare the severity of inflammation (as reflected by NLR and PLR) between schizophrenia (Sch), bipolar mania (BD-M), bipolar depression (BD-D), major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).

The Effects of Intraoperative Local Tranexamic Acid on Periorbital Edema and Ecchymosis in Septorhinoplasty.

Introduction: The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of local administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) through lateral osteotomy line on postoperative periorbital edema and ecchymosis.

Materialmethod: Thirty patients underwent open technical septorhinoplasty were included. Before lateral osteotomies, the surgeon opened narrow subperiosteal tunnels on the both sides.

Nuances to provide ideas for radiologic diagnosis in primary spinal paragangliomas: report of two cases.

Spinal paragangliomas are rarely-observed neuroendocrine benign tumors in the extra-adrenal paraganglionic system. Primary spinal involvement is even rarer. Radiologic differential diagnosis is not easy.

Multicenter study of pars plana vitrectomy for optic disc pit maculopathy: MACPIT study.

PurposeTo evaluate surgical intervention with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for correction of optic disc pit maculopathy (ODP-M).Patients and methodsRetrospective chart review from 13 centres of 51 eyes of 50 patients with ODP-M who underwent PPV between 2002-2014. Anatomic and final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) outcomes were evaluated for all cases with different adjuvant techniques.

Plasma growth arrest-specific 6 levels in term and preterm newborns.

Objective: Growth Arrest-Specific 6 (GAS6) is a vitamin K-dependent protein. Despite a similar structure to Protein S, it has no anticoagulant activity. An association between GAS6 and some diseases for adults has been reported.

Association Between Age of Beginning Primary School and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: In April 2012, the Turkish national education system was modified, and the compulsory school age of entry (first grade) was redefined as a minimum of 60 months and a maximum of 66 months (replacing the former minimum criterion of 72 months). In this study, we hypothesized that students starting school before 72 months (the previous age standard for the first grade) may experience (1) a greater number of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and (2) lower functioning in social, behavioral, and academic domains.

Method: We performed a cross-sectional community-based study in the first and second grades of all primary schools (4356 students) located in the Kadıköy county of Istanbul, Turkey.

Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review.

Context: Nocturnal enuresis or bedwetting is the most common type of urinary incontinence in children. It has significant psychological effects on both the child and the family. Enuresis nocturna is defined as the inability to hold urine during the night in children who have completed toilet training.

An unusual cause of hematuria; primary epiploic appendagitis.

Introduction: Primary epiploic appendagitis (PEA) is self limiting inflammatory disease of colonic epiploic appendices.

Presentation Of Case: Herein, a 40 years old patient describing abdomino-inguinal pain with clotty hematuria having PEA was presented. At first, the patient was thought to have a primary bladder pathology, but after a meticioulus examination, he found to have PEA and managed by conservative measures.

Are Hounsfield densities of ureteral stones a predictive factor for effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy?

Unlabelled: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) has long been used successfully to dissolve ureteral stones. We researched whether Hounsfield values of ureteral stones is a factor that affects the success of SWL.

Methods: Data from 144 patients who had diagnoses of ureteral stones and underwent SWL, were retrospectively reviewed between January 2011 and December 2012.

Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis caused by seasonal temperature changes.

Background: Primary nocturnal enuresis is the most frequent urologic complaint among pediatric patients. Enuresis is believed to have a complex etiology involving genetic, somatic, and behavioral factors. We study the relationship between seasonal temperature changes effect and monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE).

Pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous arthritis of knee joint associated with rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha medication: a case report.

Tuberculosis infection (TB) is one of the most important problems for the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with anti-TNF agents. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common clinic form of the TB in these patients. However, tuberculosis arthritis is very rare.