980 results match your criteria: "Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme[Affiliation]"
Parasit Vectors
December 2024
Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK.
Background: Intestinal schistosomiasis was confirmed endemic in Mangochi District, Malawi, in May of 2018 following an unexpected encounter with discreet populations of Biomphalaria spp. freshwater snails during routine malacological surveillance activities. Since then, only limited malacological surveillance of Biomphalaria has been carried out, and so the distribution of Biomphalaria populations in this area is currently unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Glob Public Health
December 2023
Friends for International TB Relief (FIT), Hanoi, Vietnam.
Despite 30 years as a public health emergency, tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the world's deadliest diseases. Most deaths are among persons with TB who are not reached with diagnosis and treatment. Thus, timely screening and accurate detection of TB, particularly using sensitive tools such as chest radiography, is crucial for reducing the global burden of this disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet
December 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK; Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.
Infect Immun
December 2024
Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Protection against infections with intracellular bacteria requires the interaction of macrophages and T-lymphocytes, including CD8 T cells. Recently, the expression of natural killer cell receptors NKG2A and NKG2C was introduced as markers of CD8 T-cell subsets. The goal of this study was to functionally characterize human NKG2A and NKG2C-expressing T cells using the major pathogen () as a model organism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
November 2024
Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA. UK.
Simple and easy to use kits for SARS-Cov-2 self-testing during epidemic waves are needed to optimize diagnostic capacity in low- and middle-income countries. SARS-Cov-2 self-testing kits are available, but application of these novel diagnostic technologies is less understood in low and middle-income contexts. We investigated the ability to understand and perform instructions for use (IFUs) for STANDARD Q COVID-19 Ag Test (SD Biosensor) and Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test Device (Abbott Rapid Diagnostics) for anterior nares (AN) nasal self-sampling and self-testing for COVID-19 in rural and urban Malawi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Digit Health
December 2024
Centre for Antimicrobial Optimisation, Imperial College London, London, UK; The David Price Evans Global Health and Infectious Diseases Unit, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Infections occurring in the mother and neonate exert a substantial health burden worldwide. Optimising infection management is crucial for improving individual outcomes and reducing the incidence of antimicrobial resistance. Digital health technologies, through their accessibility and scalability, hold promise in improving the quality of care across diverse health-care settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLOS Glob Public Health
November 2024
Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Potentially toxic metals and trace elements have been used in Malawi for a long time. However, data on exposure to these elements by susceptible groups like pregnant women and its associations with reproductive health outcomes in Malawi and southern hemisphere is limited. We investigated the concentrations of potentially toxic metals as well as trace elements in pregnant women and assessed the relationship between the levels these elements in maternal blood and sociodemographic factors, dietary habits and birth outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Glob Health
November 2024
Department of Community Health Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Global health has traditionally focused on the primary health development with disease-specific focus such as HIV, malaria and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). As such, surgery has traditionally been neglected in global health as investment in them is often expensive, relative to these other priorities. Therefore, efforts to improve surgical care have remained on the periphery of initiatives in health system strengthening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWellcome Open Res
November 2024
Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Southern Region, Malawi.
Background: Binary diagnostic tests are commonly used in medicine to answer a question about a patient's clinical status, most commonly, do they or do they not have some disease. Recent advances in statistical methodologies for performing inferential statistics to compare commonly used test metrics for two diagnostic tests have not yet been implemented in a statistical package.
Methods: Up-to-date statistical methods to compare the test metrics achieved by two binary diagnostic tests are implemented in the new R package testCompareR.
Wellcome Open Res
October 2024
Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Southern Region, Malawi.
Background: The COVID-19 epidemic in Malawi involved almost 90,000 recorded cases and 2,638 deaths. In response to early concerns about vulnerable older people in rural areas, we developed 'Kuteteza': a COVID-19 mitigation response project. Clinicians, public health professionals, and researchers collaborated with government and district-level staff in two Southern Malawi districts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
November 2024
Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Institute, London, United Kingdom.
EClinicalMedicine
November 2024
Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Background: Clinical severity scores can identify patients at risk of severe disease and death, and improve patient management. The modified early warning score (MEWS), the quick Sequential (Sepsis-Related) Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), and the Universal Vital Assessment (UVA) were developed as risk-stratification tools, but they have not been fully validated in low-resource settings where fever and infectious diseases are frequent reasons for health care seeking. We assessed the performance of MEWS, qSOFA, and UVA in predicting mortality among febrile patients in the Lao PDR, Malawi, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
October 2024
Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
BMC Health Serv Res
October 2024
Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Background: According to the 2016-2017 Tanzania HIV Impact Survey, only 45% of men living with HIV (MLWH) were aware of their HIV status. In an effort to increase HIV testing in Tanzania, including among men, the Government of Tanzania passed a law in December 2019 allowing HIV self-testing (HIVST) to be included in the national testing strategies. The objective of this paper is to describe the development and pilot feasibility assessment of the Self-Testing Education and Promotion (STEP) intervention, which includes male peer education and demand creation for HIVST, and nurse-led distribution of HIVST kits in a community setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntimicrob Resist Infect Control
September 2024
Emory University, Atlanta, USA.
Environmental cleaning is essential to patient and health worker safety, yet it is a substantially neglected area in terms of knowledge, practice, and capacity-building, especially in resource-limited settings. Public health advocacy, research and investment are urgently needed to develop and implement cost-effective interventions to improve environmental cleanliness and, thus, overall healthcare quality and safety. We outline here the CLEAN Group Consensus exercise yielding twelve urgent research questions, grouped into four thematic areas: standards, system strengthening, behaviour change, and innovation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Glob Health
October 2024
Public Health Group, Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi; Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Arch Dis Child
October 2024
Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Alder Hey Childrens NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
Eye (Lond)
December 2024
Department of Eye & Vision Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Introduction: Hand hygiene is key in preventing healthcare-associated infections, but it is challenging in maternity settings due to high patient turnover, frequent emergencies and volume of aseptic procedures. We sought to investigate if adaptions to the WHO hand hygiene reminders could improve their acceptability in maternity settings globally, and use these findings to develop new reminders specific to maternity settings.
Methods: Informed by Sekhon 's acceptability framework, we conducted an online survey, semi-structured interviews and a focus group examining the three WHO central hand hygiene reminders ('your five moments of hand hygiene', 'how to hand wash' and 'how to hand rub') and their acceptability in maternity settings.
BMC Med Res Methodol
September 2024
Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.
Background: Many studies in infectious diseases struggle to recruit participants. The SARS-CoV-2 infection, transmission dynamics, and household impact in Malawi (SCATHIM) study reported a refusal rate of 57.2%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med
September 2024
Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
Background: Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) proteins are expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes, mediating parasite sequestration in the vasculature. PfEMP1 is a major target of protective antibodies, but the features of the antibody response are poorly defined.
Methods: In Malawian children with cerebral or uncomplicated malaria, we characterized the antibody response to 39 recombinant PfEMP1 Duffy binding like (DBL) domains or cysteine-rich interdomain regions (CIDRs) in detail, including measures of antibody classes, subclasses, and engagement with Fcγ receptors and complement.
BMC Infect Dis
August 2024
Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Objective: To review HIV testing services (HTS) costs in sub-Saharan Africa.
Design: A systematic literature review of studies published from January 2006 to October 2020.
Methods: We searched ten electronic databases for studies that reported estimates for cost per person tested ($pptested) and cost per HIV-positive person identified ($ppositive) in sub-Saharan Africa.
Wellcome Open Res
April 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
Background: Hospital admission due to breathlessness carries a significant burden to patients and healthcare systems, particularly impacting people in low-income countries. Prompt appropriate treatment is vital to improve outcomes, but this relies on accurate diagnostic tests which are of limited availability in resource-constrained settings. We will provide an accurate description of acute breathlessness presentations in a multicentre prospective cohort study in Malawi, a low resource setting in Southern Africa, and explore approaches to strengthen diagnostic capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Glob Health
September 2024
Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
Background: HIV prevalence and incidence has declined in East, Central, and Southern Africa (ECSA), but remains high among female sex workers (FSWs). Sex worker programmes have the potential to considerably increase access to HIV testing, prevention, and treatment. We aimed to quantify these improvements by modelling the potential effect of sex worker programmes at two different intensities on HIV incidence and key health outcomes, and assessed the programmes' potential cost-effectiveness in order to help inform HIV policy decisions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF