Impact of Mouthwashes on Antibacterial Activity of Subjects with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Aim: The study aimed to assess the impact of mouthwashes on antibacterial activity of individuals with fixed orthodontic appliances.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 individuals were considered in the study. Sixty (20 each group) nonextraction class I individuals were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.

Assessment of Alteration in Capnometry Monitoring during Intravenous Sedation with Midazolam for Oral Surgical Procedures.

Introduction: Capnography is routinely used for monitoring of patients subjected to sedation for different surgical procedures. There is still paucity of data highlighting the capnographic assessment of patients on midazolam sedation undergoing oral surgical procedures. Hence, we planned the present study to assess the alterations occurring in the end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO) values monitored during intravenous (IV) sedation with midazolam during various oral surgical procedures.

Gingival Crevicular Fluid Turnover Markers in Premenopausal vs Postmenopausal Women receiving Orthodontic Treatment.

Background: Orthodontic treatment is one of the commonly used dental treatments. Orthodontic forces act on the bone by modulating the biomolecules, chiefly the osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteopontin (OPN), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK), and RANK ligand (RANKL) (OPG ligand). Hormonal changes are known to cause marked alteration in the levels of these biomolecules.

Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Flap Designs and Postoperative Outcome in the Surgical Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare triangular and envelope flap designs and the postoperative outcome in the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar.

Materials And Methods: A total of 50 participants were assessed clinically and were divided randomly into two groups. Group I (participants operated by triangular flap) and group II (participants operated by envelope flap), with 25 participants each between the age group of 20 and 30 years.

An Innovative Approach to Retention: Thermoplastic Retainer.

Aim: The aim of this study was to design and introduce a retainer that overcomes the common shortcomings seen in other retainers.

Materials And Methods: Hard thermoplastic sheet of 0.5 mm thickness is vacuum or pressure-molded onto the patient cast.

Screening in Public Health and Clinical Care: Similarities and Differences in Definitions, Types, and Aims - A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The concept of screening can be many times misleading to many people. This may be partly due to the way screening is described and explained in textbooks and journal articles.

Aim: To review prominent public health and epidemiology textbooks, dictionaries, and relevant journal publications for definitions and examples of screening, with the aim of identifying common usages and concepts, as well as sources of potential confusion.

The cell biology and role of resorptive cells in diseases: A review.

Resorptive cells are responsible for the resorption of mineralized matrix of hard tissues. Bone-resorbing cells are called osteoclasts; however, they can resorb mineralized dental tissues or calcified cartilage and then they are called odontoclasts and chondroclasts, respectively. Resorptive cells form when mononuclear precursors derived from a monocyte-macrophage cell lineage are attracted to certain mineralized surfaces and subsequently fuse and adhere onto them for exerting their resorbing activity.

Immunohistochemical expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog in histologic gradings of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Context: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 10q23. PTEN has its major function in the regulation of cell adhesion, cell cycle arrest, migration, apoptosis programming, and differentiation. This genomic region suffers loss of heterozygosity in many human cancers.

Comparison of the Solubility of Conventional Luting Cements with that of the Polyacid Modified Composite Luting Cement and Resin-modified Glass lonomer Cement.

Introduction: This study was planned to find the solubility of the conventional luting cements in comparison with that of the polyacid-modified composite luting cement and recently introduced resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) with exposure to water at early stages of mixing.

Materials And Methods: An in vitro study of the solubility of the following five commercially available luting cements, viz., glass ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji I, GC), zinc phosphate (Elite 100, GC), polyacid-modified resin cement (PMCR) (Principle, Dentsply), polycarboxylate cement (PC) (Poly - F, Dentsply), RMGIC (Vitremer, 3M), was conducted.

Corrosion resistance of stainless steel, nickel-titanium, titanium molybdenum alloy, and ion-implanted titanium molybdenum alloy archwires in acidic fluoride-containing artificial saliva: An study.

Objective: (1) To evaluate the corrosion resistance of four different orthodontic archwires and to determine the effect of 0.5% NaF (simulating high fluoride-containing toothpaste of about 2250 ppm) on corrosion resistance of these archwires. (2) To assess whether surface roughness (Ra) is the primary factor influencing the corrosion resistance of these archwires.

Prevalence of Carcinomatous Foci in Oral Leukoplakia: A Clinicopathologic Study of 546 Indian Samples.

Introduction: Oral Leukoplakia (OL), the most common potentially malignant disorder, is diagnosed clinically on the basis of exclusion of other lesions. In a country like India, where prevalence of oral cancer is very high, the issue of carcinomatous foci within OL at the time of initial diagnosis of leukoplakia has never been addressed before.

Aim: To estimate the prevalence and risk factors for epithelial dysplasia as well as carcinoma within OL lesions at the time of initial clinical presentation in an Indian population with high prevalence of tobacco use.

Osteosarcoma of the posterior maxilla.

Osteosarcoma is a very uncommon tumor of the maxillofacial region. Due to the occurrence of the tumor at a young age and its aggressive nature, radical surgery forms the only modality of treatment. A combination of radiotherapy and postoperative chemotherapy has been used for the management of this tumor.

Comparative evaluation of effect of different polishing systems on surface roughness of composite resin: An in vitro study.

Aims And Objectives: Satisfactory composite restoration depends upon its smooth finish, quality of polishing agents, type of composite material used, and its composition. The present study evaluated the effect of different polishing systems on the surface roughness of composite resin.

Materials And Methods: Forty discs of composite were prepared and equally subjected to different finishing and polishing procedures; (i) unpolished control group, (ii) sof-lex discs, (iii) diamond tips, and (iv) Astrobrush groups.

Relation Between Periodontal Status and Pre-Cancerous Condition (Oral Lichen Planus): A Pilot Study.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic mucocutaneous disease mostly seen in middle aged and elderly females. Oral lichen planus can occur in different oral sites such as gingiva, labial, buccal mucosa and on the tongue. And can have an indirect effect on initiating periodontitis.

Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of glass fiber reinforced, carbon, and quartz post in endodontically treated teeth: An in-vitro study.

Aim And Objectives: Use of posts improves the physical properties of endodontically-treated teeth. Different post types are developed such as metal, custom-made, carbon, and quartz. The present study was conducted to evaluate the fracture resistance of glass fiber-reinforced, carbon, and quartz post in endodontically-treated teeth.

Morphological analysis of collagen and elastic fibers in oral squamous cell carcinoma using special stains and comparison with Broder's and Bryne's grading systems.

Objectives: Morphologic detection of connective tissue fiber changes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using special stains remains less documented. The aims of the present study were to study the collagen and elastic fibers in different stages of OSCC and to correlate these changes with two grading systems - Broder's and Bryne's.

Study Design: Forty-eight cases of OSCC were studied using hematoxylin and eosin, Verhoeff's - Van Gieson stain for elastic fibers and picrosirius red stain for collagen fibers.

Applications of cone beam computed tomography for a prosthodontist.

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a medical imaging technique of X-ray computed tomography where the X-rays are divergent, forming a cone. CBCT systems have been designed for imaging hard tissues of the maxillofacial region. The increasing availability of this technology provides the dental clinician with an imaging modality capable of providing a three-dimensional representation of the maxillofacial skeleton with minimal distortion.

Prevalence of the developmental defects of the enamel in children aged 12-15 years in Kollam district.

Aim And Objectives: To determine the prevalence of developmental defects of enamel in children aged 12-15 years in Kollam district and to examine the etiological factors associated with the developmental defects of the enamel (DDE).

Materials And Methods: A total of 2,500 children from 10 urban and 10 rural schools were examined using modified DDE criteria for recording enamel defects. Ten index permanent teeth were screened for the DDE.

Two-dimensional morphometric analysis of young Asian females to determine attractiveness.

Introduction: Attractive people do not seem to consistently possess such ideal characteristics or share common features. There is no general consensus about the linear and angular characteristics that discriminate between attractive and normal persons.

Aim: This study determines how young Asian women considered to be attractive differ in their twodimensional facial characteristics from normal women of the same age and race.

Effectiveness of health education and behavioral intervention for tobacco de-addiction among degree students: A clinical trial.

Background: Objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of tobacco use among the degree students of Oxford institutions in Bangalore city, offer a tobacco cessation intervention for tobacco users among the degree students, and assess the effectiveness of intervention by comparing with the control group.

Materials And Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted to assess the prevalence of tobacco use and the effectiveness of tobacco cessation behavioral intervention offered to degree students of Oxford institutions in Bangalore city. Then were randomly selected and divided into 55 students in the study group (group A) and 60 students in the control group (group B).

Comparative evaluation of shear bond strengths of veneering porcelain to base metal alloy and zirconia substructures before and after aging - An in vitro study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of veneering porcelain to base metal alloy and zirconia substructures before and after aging. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the failure pattern.

Materials And Methods: Twenty rectangular blocks (9 mm length × 4 mm height × 4 mm width) of base metal alloy (Bellabond plus, Bego, Germany) and zirconia (Will ceramZ zirconia K block) were fabricated for shear bond strength test.

Oral Myiasis Affecting Gingiva in a Child Patient: An Uncommon Case Report.

Certain dipteran flies larvae causing invasion of the tissues and organs of the humans or other vertebrates are called as myiasis, which feed on hosts dead or living tissues. It is well documented in the skin and hot climate regions; underdeveloped countries are affected more commonly. Oral cavity is affected rarely and it can be secondary to serious medical conditions.

Qualitative assessment of red blood cell parameters for signs of anemia in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Aim: Anemia of chronic disease is defined as anemia occurring in chronic infections and inflammatory conditions that is not caused by marrow deficiencies or other diseases and in the presence of adequate iron stores and vitamins. The present case control study was aimed to assess the red blood cell parameters for signs of anemia in patients with mild, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: A simple random sampling method was used to select 80 healthy male patients, who were divided into four groups based on full mouth periodontal examination as follows: group I patients comprised the control group (n = 20), which included patients with a clinically healthy periodontium, group II patients (n = 20) were diagnosed with mild chronic periodontitis, group III (n = 20) included moderate chronic periodontitis patients, and patients with severe chronic periodontitis formed group IV (n = 20).