Oral Myiasis Affecting Gingiva in a Child Patient: An Uncommon Case Report.

Certain dipteran flies larvae causing invasion of the tissues and organs of the humans or other vertebrates are called as myiasis, which feed on hosts dead or living tissues. It is well documented in the skin and hot climate regions; underdeveloped countries are affected more commonly. Oral cavity is affected rarely and it can be secondary to serious medical conditions.

Qualitative assessment of red blood cell parameters for signs of anemia in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Aim: Anemia of chronic disease is defined as anemia occurring in chronic infections and inflammatory conditions that is not caused by marrow deficiencies or other diseases and in the presence of adequate iron stores and vitamins. The present case control study was aimed to assess the red blood cell parameters for signs of anemia in patients with mild, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: A simple random sampling method was used to select 80 healthy male patients, who were divided into four groups based on full mouth periodontal examination as follows: group I patients comprised the control group (n = 20), which included patients with a clinically healthy periodontium, group II patients (n = 20) were diagnosed with mild chronic periodontitis, group III (n = 20) included moderate chronic periodontitis patients, and patients with severe chronic periodontitis formed group IV (n = 20).

Gummy Smile Correction with Diode Laser: Two Case Reports.

Beautification of smiles is becoming an everyday requirement in dental practice. Apart from teeth, gingiva also plays an important role in smile esthetics. Excessive visualization of gingiva is a common complaint among patients seeking esthetic treatment.

Assessment of Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Aggressive Periodontitis.

Background: "Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a destructive disease characterized by the following: The involvement of multiple teeth with a distinctive pattern of periodontal tissue loss; a high rate of disease progression; an early age of onset; and the absence of systemic diseases.'' Chronic low-level bacteremia and systemic inflammatory response have been suggested as a pathogenic link between periodontal disease and systemic disease. The present study was aimed to assess the levels of systemic inflammatory markers in patients with AgP.

Numb chin syndrome associated with metastatic invasive ductal carcinoma of breast.

Numb chin syndrome (NCS), also known as mental nerve neuropathy, is characterized by facial and oral numbness restricted to the distribution of the mental nerve. Although not a common neuropathy, the clinical importance of this syndrome is its frequent association with malignancies. A 56-year-old Indian female reported with a complaint of numbness on the left side of chin.

Autofluorescence based diagnostic techniques for oral cancer.

Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Despite of various advancements in the treatment modalities, oral cancer mortalities are more, particularly in developing countries like India. This is mainly due to the delay in diagnosis of oral cancer.

Estimation of Specific Salivary Enzymatic Biomarkers in Individuals with Gingivitis and Chronic Periodontitis: A Clinical and Biochemical Study.

Background: Host response to periodontal disease includes the release of different enzymes from stromal, epithelial or inflammatory cells. The enzymes which are produced from these cells are associated with cell injury and cell death like: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Normal enzymatic activity of these enzymes is necessary for healthy functioning of gingiva and periodontium.

Comparative Evaluation of Dimensional Accuracy of Elastomeric Impression Materials when Treated with Autoclave, Microwave, and Chemical Disinfection.

Background: Impression materials during impression procedure often get infected with various infectious diseases. Hence, disinfection of impression materials with various disinfectants is advised to protect the dental team. Disinfection can alter the dimensional accuracy of impression materials.

Denture Adhesives in Prosthodontics: An Overview.

The use of denture adhesives is common among denture wearers, and it is also prescribed by many dentists. Prescribing denture adhesives has been viewed by many prosthodontists as a means of compensating for any defects in the fabrication procedures. Denture adhesives add to the retention and thereby improve chewing ability, reduce any instability, provide comfort and eliminate the accumulation of food debris beneath the dentures.

Comparitive Evaluation of Propofol and Midazolam as Conscious Sedatives in Minor Oral Surgery.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the efficacy of propofol and midazolam as an intravenous sedative agent in minor oral surgical procedures in terms of: (a) the onset of action, (b) heart rate, (c) oxygen saturation, (d) systolic and diastolic blood pressure, (e) respiratory rate, (f) pain during the injection of sedative agent, (g) recovery period, (h) side effects, (i) patient's cooperation during the surgery.

Methodology: This was a double blind randomized study in which one group of 20 patients received propofol with the induction dose of 0.5 mg/kg and 50 μg/kg/min which was administered by syringe infusion pump as a maintenance dose and the other group received midazolam in a single dose of 75 μg/kg and no maintenance dose was given, instead 5 % dextrose was administered by syringe infusion pump at the rate of 50 μg/kg/min.

Lasers: The Magic Wand in Esthetic Dentistry!!

In this era of fast developing technologies and innovative ideas, the need for faster treatment has become a necessity. Treatment with lasers that is much less time-consuming and painless is accepted and appreciated by the patient. Use of Lasers is not new; they have been in use for decades since their development by Maiman in 1960.

Evaluation of the Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior of the Preclinical and Clinical Dental Students.

Background: Dentists play very important role in the oral health education of the community. Thus it is important to know the status of knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward the maintenance of oral health at the student level. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the oral health knowledge, attitude, and behavior among preclinical and clinical dental students.

Intraosseous schwannoma of the maxilla mimicking a periapical lesion: a diagnostic challenge.

Schwannomas are a type of nerve sheath tumours predominant in the soft tissues of the head and neck. They commonly present as slow growing, painful swellings and may rarely be accompanied by paresthesia. Less than 1% of schwannomas are intraosseous with affliction to the mandible over maxilla.

The role of myofibroblasts in wound healing, contraction and its clinical implications in cleft palate repair.

Myofibroblasts after its discovery in 1971 as the principal cell for wound healing has come a long way as far as research is concerned. The primary focus of research has been regarding preventing certain unwanted effects of this cell such as wound contraction and scarring. As far as the oral and maxillofacial region is concerned, the primary concern of this untoward effect is during repair of cleft palate surgically which results impaired development of palate and the dentoalveolar structures.

Cytokeratin 19 expression patterns of dentigerous cysts and odontogenic keratocysts.

Background: Although numerous investigators have studied the pattern of keratin expression in different odontogenic cysts, the results have been variable.

Aim: The present study was conducted to determine the pattern of expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK 19) in the epithelial lining of odontogenic keratocysts and dentigerous cysts.

Materials And Methods: The epithelial layers showing expression of the epithelial marker CK 19 was determined by immunohistochemical methods in 15 tissue specimens each of histopathologically confirmed cases of dentigerous cysts and odontogenic keratocysts.

Effect of intra-orifice barriers on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth - an ex-vivo study.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of roots obturated with guttapercha using bonded amalgam, GC Light cure GIC (resin modified glass ionomer cement) and Tetric N Flow (flowable hybrid composite) as different intra orifice barriers.

Materials And Methods: Eighty freshly extracted mandibular premolars with straight roots were reduced to 14 mm from the coronal aspect. All canals were enlarged to size 30 and specimens were obturated with gutta percha cones, except for control group specimens the coronal 3 mm of root fillings of all other group specimens were removed with the aid of heated plugger.

A comparative study of fluoride release from two different sealants.

Objectives: The introduction of fluoride releasing sealants and glass ionomer cements as fissure sealants adds another dimension to prevention of pit and fissure caries. The ability of resin sealants and glass ionomer cements to release fluoride on a long term basis to the sealed enamel and the adjacent unsealed pit and fissure and cuspal incline enamel may allow for further reduction in pit and fissure caries experience for children. Hence, the study was conducted to compare the amount of fluoride release in the plaque after placing fluoride releasing pit and fissure sealants and glass ionomer fissure sealants used in Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) approach.

Fundamentals of cone beam computed tomography for a prosthodontist.

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT, also referred to as C-arm computed tomography [CT], cone beam volume CT, or flat panel CT) is a medical imaging technique of X-ray CT where the X-rays are divergent, forming a cone.[1] CBCT systems have been designed for imaging hard tissues of the maxillofacial region. CBCT is capable of providing sub-millimeter resolution in images of high diagnostic quality, with short scanning times (10-70 s) and radiation dosages reportedly up to 15-100 times lower than those of conventional CT scans.

Soft tissue cephalometric norms for central India (malwa) female population.

Background: The various soft tissue traits that contribute to an aesthetically pleasing face. This should be considered during orthodontic treatment. The aim of the present study was to propose soft tissue norms for Central Indian (Malwa) female population.

Brushing-induced surface roughness of two nickel based alloys and a titanium based alloy: a comparative study - in vitro study.

Background: Alloys with high nickel content have been increasingly used in dentistry. Alloys have high corrosion rates when exposed to chemical or physical forces that are common intra orally. Titanium is the most biocompatible materials for crowns, fixed partial dentures and implants in the present use, but paradoxically the self-protective oxide film on the titanium can be affected by excessive use of the most common preventive agents in dentistry.

Clinical study to know the efficacy of Amlexanox 5% with other topical Antiseptic, Analgesic and Anesthetic agents in treating minor RAS.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of topical antiinflammatory agent (amlexanox 5%), along with topical antiseptic, analgesic, and anesthetic agent (benzalkonium chloride 0.01%, choline salicylate 8.7% and lidocaine hydrochloride 2%), in promoting ulcer healing, decreasing ulcer size, erythema, pain and recurrence in minor RAS.

Chronic idiopathic hyperphosphatasia with unusual dental findings - A case report.

Chronic idiopathic hyperphosphatasia(CIH) or juvenile Paget disease is believed to be a distinct disease characterized by an increase in the serum alkaline phosphatase, cortical thickening and bowing of the long bones, especially the femora. It is a rare autosomal recessive bone disorder, with excessive bone resorption and bone formation. Skeletal malformations in the legs may cause problems in walking and may eventually result in short stature.

Frequency of partial edentulism and awareness to restore the same: a cross sectional study in the age group of 18-25 years among kerala student population.

Treating partial edentulousness forms a major share of prosthodontic clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to find out the frequency of partial edentulism, its arch distribution status, awareness to restore, and the ratio of removable to fixed prosthesis among a student sample aged 18-25 years. The methodology selected was a questionnaire survey followed by clinical examination of the student community from Tirur taluk, Malappuram district, Kerala.

Mixture tetracycline citric acid and detergent - A root canal irrigant. A review.

Background: Root canal irrigants play an indispensable role for the complete disinfection of the root canal system, in particular those areas of the root canal that are not accessible for instrumentation. Sodium hypochlorite, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and chlorhexidine are the most commonly used root canal irrigants in endodontic practice, but they do not satisfy all the properties of an ideal root canal irrigant. Mixture tetracycline, citric acid and detergent, a root canal irrigant, is commercially available as BioPure MTAD (Dentsply, Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK).