15,344 results match your criteria: "Mailman School of Public Health; Columbia University[Affiliation]"
Temporal generative models for learning heterogeneous group dynamics of ecological momentary assessment data.
Biometrics
October 2024
Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, 10032, United States.
One of the goals of precision psychiatry is to characterize mental disorders in an individualized manner, taking into account the underlying dynamic processes. Recent advances in mobile technologies have enabled the collection of ecological momentary assessments that capture multiple responses in real-time at high frequency. However, ecological momentary assessment data are often multi-dimensional, correlated, and hierarchical.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAuthors' reply to correspondence on "direct potable reuse and birth defects prevalence in Texas": An augmented synthetic control method analysis of data from a population-based birth defects registry.
Environ Epidemiol
December 2024
School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Automated analysis of digital medical images in cervical cancer screening: A systematic review.
medRxiv
September 2024
Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.
Article Synopsis
- Cervical cancer screening in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) faces challenges due to a lack of specialists and costly diagnostic tools, prompting researchers to create low-cost portable devices and automate image analysis for better decision-making.
- A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the range of automated technology systems used for cervical cancer screening, resulting in 17 studies using mobile device images and 56 studies using conventional devices.
- The findings show that computer-aided diagnostics (CAD) outperform manual analysis in accuracy, but the clinical validation of these novel devices is still insufficient in LMICs where they are most needed.
An overlooked risk for skin health: Less availability and higher cost of sunscreen for people with melanated skin.
Dialogues Health
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher is recommended for everyone, but traditional formulas often leave a white cast that doesn't suit darker skin tones.
- A study conducted in Harlem during Spring 2023 identified 385 sunscreen products, revealing that 78.7% were traditional white sunscreens, with tinted options being limited and more expensive.
- Tinted sunscreens, which are better for melanated skin, were found to be significantly less available and pricier compared to traditional ones, highlighting a need for improved access and affordability for effective sun protection.
Sex differences in the relationship between body composition and cardiac structure and function.
Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging
October 2024
Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to characterize sex differences in the relationship between body composition and cardiac structure and function. In secondary analyses, we explored pathophysiologic mediators of these relationships.
Methods And Results: In a cross-sectional analysis of 25,063 UK Biobank participants (54% female, median age 55 years), the sex-specific associations of visceral adipose tissue volume (VAT), appendicular lean mass (ALM), and muscle fat infiltration (MFI) with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) measures of cardiac structure and function were assessed using linear regression models.
It's personal: navigating research questions that stem from our lived experiences.
Int J Epidemiol
October 2024
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Predictors of trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity among racially and ethnically diverse patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.
Cardiooncology
October 2024
Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - The study evaluates the incidence of trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity (TIC) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) recovery in a diverse group of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, finding that TIC occurs in about 10.6% of patients.
- - Among the 496 patients studied, non-Hispanic Black (NHB) individuals had a higher rate of TIC but lower rates of LVEF recovery compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), although race/ethnicity was not a significant predictor after accounting for other cardiovascular disease risk factors.
- - Key factors associated with increased risk of TIC included older age, lower baseline LVEF, the use of anthracy
Examining concordance of sexual-related factors and PrEP eligibility with HIV risk perception among adolescent girls and young women: cross-sectional insights from DREAMS sites in Kenya, Malawi, and Zambia.
BMC Public Health
October 2024
Population Council, Washington, D.C, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how adolescent girls and young women in Kenya, Malawi, and Zambia perceive their risk of HIV exposure, aiming to understand factors influencing this self-appraisal and identify opportunities for engaging them in preventive measures like PrEP.
- Using cross-sectional data from 2016/2017, the researchers analyzed sexual-related factors associated with perceived HIV risk and assessed PrEP eligibility based on national guidelines.
- Results show a discrepancy between reported perceived risk and actual HIV risk factors, with some associations found, particularly relating to partners' HIV exposure and other sexual behaviors, highlighting a need for targeted interventions in this demographic.
Characteristics of Hospitalized Patients With and Without Celiac Disease on a Gluten-Free Diet.
Dig Dis Sci
November 2024
Celiac Disease Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Article Synopsis
- A study examined the demographics, dietary habits, and health diagnoses of hospitalized patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD) over a 12-year period, distinguishing between those with and without celiac disease (CD).
- Among 1,527 patients analyzed, only about 30% were diagnosed with CD, with notable differences such as a higher proportion of whites and non-Hispanics in the CD group.
- The findings indicated that patients with CD had fewer additional dietary restrictions but faced a greater risk of malnutrition compared to those without the diagnosis.
Effects of mixed metal exposures on MRI diffusion features in the medial temporal lobe.
Neurotoxicology
December 2024
Departments of Neurology, Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Radiology, Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Virgina, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how exposure to mixed metals, particularly from welding fumes, is linked to brain structure and cognitive function, focusing on the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in 42 exposed individuals and 31 controls.
- - Results showed that those exposed to metals had altered brain metrics indicating poor processing speed and cognitive performance, resembling symptoms seen in Alzheimer's disease, although no significant changes in brain structure were observed.
- - The findings suggest that long-term exposure to metal mixtures could potentially lead to neurological changes similar to those seen in Alzheimer's risk groups, highlighting the need for further research on environmental impacts on brain health.
Refining Criteria for a Neurodevelopmental Subphenotype of Bipolar Disorders: A FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise for Bipolar Disorders Study.
Biol Psychiatry
October 2024
Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Psychiatric Emergency and Post Emergency Department, Pole Urgence, Montpellier, France; L'Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex mental health condition, and researchers aimed to identify a neurodevelopmental phenotype (NDP) that contributes to its development and impacts clinical outcomes.
- By analyzing data from over 4,400 BD patients, they established nine specific clinical features that characterize this NDP, which are linked to poorer prognosis and treatment responses.
- The findings suggest that patients with a higher NDP load may have overlapping genetic factors with ADHD, indicating a potential shared biological basis for these disorders.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Digital Intervention to Improve the Sexual Health of Adolescent and Young Adult Male Emergency Department Patients.
J Adolesc Health
January 2025
Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated a digital health intervention called Dr. Eric, aimed at improving sexual health among adolescent and young adult males in emergency departments.
- A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted with 119 male participants aged 14-21, comparing those using the app and text messaging (intervention group) to those receiving usual care.
- Results showed that the intervention was feasible and well-received, with participants increasing condom use in the short term, though the effect did not last by the 13-week follow-up.
Association Between Dietary Patterns and Subgingival Microbiota: Results From the Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance, and Insulin Resistance Study (ORIGINS).
J Clin Periodontol
January 2025
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to explore how different dietary patterns are linked to the types of bacteria found below the gumline in participants with varying probing depths.
- Researchers analyzed data from 651 participants, using dietary assessments and subgingival plaque samples to measure various microbial diversity metrics and taxa ratios.
- Results showed that higher scores on dietary quality indices (AHEI and APDQS) were associated with lower microbial diversity and certain taxa ratios, indicating that nutritious diets might reduce harmful bacteria in the mouth.
Design of a Location-Based Case-Control Study of Built Environment Risk Factors for Pedestrian Fatalities in the U.S.
Am J Epidemiol
October 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States.
Article Synopsis
- The location-based case-control design studies the environmental factors surrounding health events, like pedestrian fatalities, by analyzing specific locations over time.
- Researchers examined a large dataset of over 9 million intersections and road segments in U.S. metropolitan areas to identify the locations of pedestrian deaths from 2017 to 2018.
- By comparing locations where fatalities occurred (case-locations) to matched locations without fatalities (control-locations), the study aims to gain insights into the causes of pedestrian deaths using advanced geographic information systems and additional data collection methods.
Defining Urbanicity in the Context of Psychosis Research: A Qualitative Systematic Literature Review.
Schizophr Bull
October 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Studies show that being born or raised in urban areas may increase the likelihood of developing psychosis, but results vary across different regions, particularly between Northern/Western Europe and Southern Europe, Latin America, and Asia.
- A qualitative systematic literature review analyzed 61 relevant articles to explore how urbanicity is defined and measured in relation to psychosis.
- The findings highlighted that urbanicity lacks a uniform definition, varies significantly between Global North and South, and emphasizes the importance of neighborhood-level factors in understanding the risk of psychosis.
Global obesity epidemic and rising incidence of early-onset cancers.
J Glob Health
October 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the rising rates of early-onset cancers in people aged 25-49 and explores whether this trend is linked to increasing obesity levels globally from 2000-2012.
- It analyzed cancer incidence data from 42 countries and found notable increases in both obesity-related and non-obesity-related cancers, with the most significant rises in Western nations.
- Results indicated a positive correlation between the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the incidence of certain obesity-related cancers, particularly colon, rectal, and pancreatic cancers, with a delay of up to 15 years in cancer diagnosis being considered in the analysis.
A platform to map the mind-mitochondria connection and the hallmarks of psychobiology: the MiSBIE study.
Trends Endocrinol Metab
October 2024
Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; H. Houston Merritt Center for Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Health is influenced by mitochondrial energy transformation, which plays a crucial role in regulating various body systems that relate to resilience and disease risk throughout life.
- The MiSBIE study aims to explore how mitochondria affect interconnected systems like neuroendocrine, immune, and cognitive functions, focusing on individuals with mitochondrial diseases.
- This research seeks to enhance understanding of mitochondrial diseases, develop new health biomarkers, and better integrate knowledge of the connections between energy processes and overall health.
Left Atrial Function and Incident Heart Failure in Older Adults.
J Am Soc Echocardiogr
October 2024
Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Heart failure (HF) is increasingly common in older adults, and left atrial (LA) dysfunction may play a role in its development, though this connection is not fully understood.
- A study involving 795 older adults without previous cardiovascular events used various echocardiography techniques to assess LA function and tracked the onset of HF over an average of 11.4 years.
- Results showed that LA stiffness and the LA coupling index (LACI) were significant predictors of new-onset HF, with LACI being a particularly strong independent indicator even after accounting for other risk factors.
Hormones, Stress, and Heart Disease in Transgender Women with HIV in LITE Plus.
Am J Prev Med
October 2024
Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Article Synopsis
- Cardiovascular disease is a major health issue for transgender women with HIV, partly influenced by factors like hormone therapy and psychosocial stress.
- A study analyzed data from 108 Black and Latina transgender women with HIV to investigate how stress affects CVD risk in relation to hormone therapy duration.
- Findings showed that while hormone therapy duration was linked to higher CVD risk, stress did not significantly impact this relationship, suggesting that age and overall physiological stress (measured by allostatic load) are more critical to CVD risk in this population.
Combining Ultrasonography and Endometrial Aspiration as a One-Stop Screening for Endometrial Neoplasia.
Obstet Gynecol
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, LIJ Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, and the Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York; the Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Leuven, and the Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combining endometrial aspiration and sonohysterography for screening endometrial cancer and hyperplasia in women over 50.
- Conducted from February 2014 to October 2020, the study involved 1,170 women, revealing significant findings: 7% were diagnosed with cancer, and 3.6% with hyperplasia, with most cancers detected within a year.
- The combined screening method showed high sensitivity (99.1%) but lower specificity (24.9%), while a sequential approach improved specificity and positive predictive value, indicating that the combined method is a promising tool for detecting endometrial issues.
Plasma metabolomics profiles and breast cancer risk.
Breast Cancer Res
October 2024
Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women, and metabolomics could help explain the rising incidence beyond known risk factors.* -
- A study involving 40 BC cases and 70 controls identified eight metabolic features linked to BC risk, though statistical significance was lost after accounting for multiple comparisons.* -
- Incorporating these metabolic features into predictive models improved breast cancer risk assessment accuracy significantly, suggesting potential for future research in larger cohorts.*
The U.S. Latino HIV Crisis - Ending an Era of Invisibility.
N Engl J Med
November 2024
From the Center for Latino Adolescent and Family Health (V.G.-R., M.T.-K., A.B.), and the Institute for Policy Solutions, School of Nursing (V.G.-R., M.T.-K., A.B.), Johns Hopkins University; and the U.S. Presidential Advisory Council on HIV/AIDS (V.G.-R.) - both in Washington, DC; and the Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University (M.T.-K.), and the Department of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, New York University (A.B.) - both in New York.
The brain-body energy conservation model of aging.
Nat Aging
October 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Aging brings about complex changes in energy metabolism, where damaged cells increase energy demands, but overall energy expenditure in the body stays stable or decreases.
- - The brain plays a crucial role in managing energy resources; as tissues age and accumulate damage, the brain activates energy conservation responses to cope with lower energy availability.
- - The proposed brain-body energy conservation (BEC) model of aging discusses the costs of cellular aging, the brain's perception of increased energy needs, and how external stressors or interventions can alter aging patterns.
Training health leaders to strengthen our response to the climate crisis.
BMJ
October 2024
EarthMedic/EarthNurse Foundation for Planetary Health.
Influenza-Like Illness in Lesotho From July 2020 to July 2021: Population-Based Participatory Surveillance Results.
JMIR Public Health Surveill
October 2024
Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Participatory surveillance in Lesotho, called "LeCellPHIA," involved at-risk populations reporting influenza-like illness (ILI) symptoms via phone calls from interviewers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- The study analyzed ILI trends and demographic factors from July 2020 to July 2021, revealing a 75% response rate with 122,985 reports, indicating higher ILI risk in older age groups, particularly those 60 and above.
- Findings were shared in real-time with health authorities to help monitor ILI trends and inform public health policies aimed at reducing COVID-19 transmission.