Tumor-induced Osteomalacia in a Boy with Maxillary Ossifying Fibroma.

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare, paraneoplastic disorder of hypophosphatemia associated with elevated tumor-produced fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). Maxillofacial tumors are rarely involved in TIO, especially maxillary TIO in children. We present a 14-year-old boy with osteomalacia and high serum levels of FGF23, a hormone associated with decreased phosphate resorption, due to a maxillary tumor.

Types of medication administration errors and comparisons among nursing graduands in Indonesia, Taiwan, and Thailand: A cross-sectional observational study.

Background: Despite medication administration safety having been introduced, practiced, and examined in nursing schools for many years, errors are commonly reported among new nurses. Understanding medication errors that nursing graduands might commit is essential for patient safety and fostering collaboration among neighboring countries.

Objectives: To assess and compare types of medication administration errors identified by nursing graduands in Asian countries using a medication errors scenario.

Can Radiation Therapy Quality Assurance Improve Nasopharyngeal Cancer Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Reporting the First Phase of a Prospective International Atomic Energy Agency Study.

Purpose: Most new nasopharyngeal cancer cases occur in low-income and middle-income countries, and these patients experience poorer overall survival than that of new nasopharyngeal cancer cases in high-income countries. The goal of this research project is to determine whether the introduction of a radiation therapy quality assurance program can ultimately improve outcomes for nasopharyngeal cancer patients in lower-income and middle-income countries. This study reports the results of the first phase of the International Atomic Energy Agency Coordinated Research Project (325-E3-TM-47712).

Value and risk of percutaneous liver biopsy in patients with cirrhosis and clinical suspicion of autoimmune hepatitis.

Objective: The decision regarding whether to perform a liver biopsy in patients with cirrhosis and clinically suspected autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) remains a challenge. This study aimed to assess the utility and complications of percutaneous liver biopsy in cirrhosis for differentiating AIH from other liver conditions.

Methods: A clinicopathological database of patients undergoing percutaneous liver biopsies for suspected AIH (unexplained hepatitis with elevated γ-globulin and autoantibody seropositivity) was reviewed to identify patients presenting with cirrhosis.

Screening the risk factors for methamphetamine use in pregnant women not receiving prenatal care.

Objective: To develop a screening tool for the risk factors potentially indicating methamphetamine use in pregnant women who are not receiving prenatal care.

Method: This prospective cohort, Institutional Review Board-approved study was performed at a university hospital in Thailand between January 2017 and January 2019. A screening tool was developed using data from 125 pregnant women not receiving prenatal care upon their first admission for childbearing at the hospital delivery room.

The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on gastroenterologists in Southeast Asia: A mixed-methods study.

Background And Aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has impacted gastroenterology practices worldwide; however, its protracted effects within Southeast Asia were unknown. The primary aim of the study was to determine the impact of the pandemic on clinical demands including burnout among gastroenterologists within the region. The secondary aim was to identify risk factors for burnout and determine regional stressors.

Influence of gender on the clinical outcomes of Asian non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients: insights from the prospective multicentre COOL-AF registry.

Objective: To determine the effect of gender on clinical outcomes of Asian non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients.

Design: This is a cohort study.

Setting: 27 university and regional hospitals in Thailand.

Effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning on walking in people with multiple sclerosis: double-blind randomised controlled trial.

Background: Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is the exposure of body parts to brief periods of circulatory occlusion and reperfusion. Recent studies have also shown that RIPC can improve exercise performance in healthy individuals.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of RIPC on walking in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).

How to combat efforts to overturn bans on electronic nicotine delivery systems: lessons from tobacco industry efforts during the 1980s to open closed cigarette markets in Thailand.

Until 1990, it was illegal for transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) to sell cigarettes in Thailand. We reviewed and analysed internal tobacco industry documents relevant to the Thai market during the 1980s. TTCs' attempts to access the Thai cigarette market during the 1980s concentrated on political lobbying, advertising and promotion of the foreign brands that were illegal to sell in Thailand at the time.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of behavioural economic incentive programmes for the promotion of a healthy diet and physical activity: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Introduction: Obesity and being overweight are major risk factors for metabolic syndrome and non-communicable diseases. Despite the recommendation that a healthy diet and physical activity can reduce the severity of these diseases, many fail to adhere to these measures. From a behavioural economic perspective, adherence to such measures can be encouraged through financial incentives.

Long-term visual and anatomic outcomes of patients with peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome.

Background/aims: To analyse the long-term anatomic and visual outcomes of patients with peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome (PPS), a recently described entity in the pachychoroid disease spectrum.

Methods: This study retrospectively included patients from several retina centres worldwide. Visual acuity (VA), retinal thickness and choroidal thickness at baseline, 6 months and final follow-up were assessed.

Relative contributions of family history and a polygenic risk score on COPD and related outcomes: COPDGene and ECLIPSE studies.

Introduction: Family history is a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We previously developed a COPD risk score from genome-wide genetic markers (Polygenic Risk Score, PRS). Whether the PRS and family history provide complementary or redundant information for predicting COPD and related outcomes is unknown.

Association of HLA polymorphisms and acetaminophen-related Steven-Johnson syndrome with severe ocular complications in Thai population.

Background/aims: To investigate the association of genetic polymorphisms of human leucocyte antigens (HLA) class I and II genes with acetaminophen-related Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) who developed severe ocular complications (SOC) in the Thai population.

Methods: A prospective case-control study including 20 unrelated Thai acetaminophen-related SJS/TEN patients with SOC and 60 Thai healthy volunteers, recruited at three university hospitals in Bangkok, Thailand, from September 2014 to August 2019. HLA genes were analysed using PCR amplification followed by hybridisation with sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) probes with bead-based typing kits.

Prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus using fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels among individuals with impaired fasting plasma glucose: a cross-sectional study in Thailand.

Objectives: About 11%-30% of individuals with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diagnosed by the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75 g OGTT). This study investigated (1) the prevalence and cut-off levels for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in IFG individuals that most effectively predict the presence of T2DM diagnosed by a 75 g OGTT; (2) the predictors associated with T2DM; and (3) the pathophysiological characteristics of patients with IFG.

Materials And Methods: A single-centre, cross-sectional study was conducted in a primary care setting.

Red Marrow Absorbed Dose Calculation in Thyroid Cancer Patient Using a Simplified Excel Spreadsheet.

Objectives: Absorbed dose to red marrow (D) can be calculated using blood dosimetry. However, this method is laborious and invasive. Therefore, image-based dosimetry is the method of choice.

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: protocol for a one-arm, open-label intervention study to estimate the optimal timing of tenofovir in pregnancy.

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a public health threat and the main route of transmission is from mother to child (MTCT). Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) treatment can reduce MTCT of HBV although the optimal timing to attain undetectable HBV DNA concentrations at delivery is unknown. This protocol describes the procedures following early initiation of maternal TDF prior to 20 weeks gestation to determine efficacy, safety and feasibility of this approach in a limited-resource setting.

Distribution of injectate administered through a catheter inserted by three different approaches to ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block: a prospective observational study.

Background: Despite the popularity of continuous thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB), there is a paucity of information on catheter tip position and distribution of injectate through the catheter. We observed, in real time, the spread of dye, the catheter tip position and sensory block levels produced with three different (intercostal (IC), transverse process sagittal (TS) and paralaminar (PL)) approaches to ultrasound-guided TPVB in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

Methods: After the induction of general anesthesia, ultrasound-guided TPVB was conducted with a patient in the lateral decubitus position.

Defining the endoscopic ultrasound features of chronic pancreatitis in Asians: a multicenter validation study.

Background: Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) features and criteria have been described in chronic pancreatitis, challenges remain with interoperator variability and ease of adoption. The aim of this study was to define and validate the EUS features of chronic pancreatitis in a multicenter prospective study in Asia.

Method: The study was divided into two parts: the first part was conducted to derive the EUS features of chronic pancreatitis with adequate interoperator agreement; the second was to prospectively evaluate these features in a multicenter cross-sectional study and determine the optimal combination of features for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.

Validity of mild TBI risk score to predict intracranial hemorrhage in cases of mild traumatic brain injury in Thailand.

Background: Patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) will receive a brain CT scan based on risk of injury. A previous study established a scoring system for patients with mild TBI that assigned <3 points for the low-risk group, 3-6 points for the moderate-risk group, and ≥6 points for the high-risk group. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the external validity of mild TBI risk scores for predicting intracranial hemorrhage in patients with mild TBI who had been transferred to receive a brain CT scan at the 10 nationwide CT scan-capable facilities in Thailand.

Fragmented QRS in prediction of ischemic heart disease diagnosed by stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: In patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), many studies demonstrated an association between fragmented QRS complex (fQRS) on 12-lead ECG and myocardial scar, heart failure, and increased mortality. However, data in adults without history of IHD is limited. We aimed to evaluate whether there is an association between fQRS and IHD diagnosed by stress cardiac MRI.

Efficacy and economic evaluation of delivery of care with tele-continuous EEG in critically ill patients: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial (Tele-cRCT) study protocol.

Introduction: Some critically ill patients are confirmed by continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) monitoring that non-convulsive seizure (NCS) and/or non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) are causes of their depressed level of consciousness. Shortage of epilepsy specialists, especially in developing countries, is a major limiting factor in implementing cEEG in general practice. Delivery of care with tele-continous EEG (tele-cEEG) may be a potential solution as this allows specialists from a central facility to remotely assist local neurologists from distant areas in interpreting EEG findings and suggest proper treatment.

Rate of kidney function decline and factors predicting progression of kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with reduced kidney function: A nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Currently, the data on independent risk factors for the progression of kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with CKD are limited. This study aimed to investigate CKD progression in T2DM patients who have reduced kidney function with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRs) between 15 and 59 mL/min/1.73 m .