Glaucoma Detection and Feature Identification via GPT-4V Fundus Image Analysis.

Purpose: The aim is to assess GPT-4V's (OpenAI) diagnostic accuracy and its capability to identify glaucoma-related features compared to expert evaluations.

Design: Evaluation of multimodal large language models for reviewing fundus images in glaucoma.

Subjects: A total of 300 fundus images from 3 public datasets (ACRIMA, ORIGA, and RIM-One v3) that included 139 glaucomatous and 161 nonglaucomatous cases were analyzed.

Challenges and support factors in managing type 2 diabetes among pregnant women in Thailand: A convergent mixed-methods study.

Background: Sociocultural and behavioral factors have a multifaceted impact on maternal health. In Thailand, cultural influences significantly shape behaviors of diabetes self-management in women. However, the experience of self-managing diabetes in pregnant women with preexisting Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear.

The relationship between stress, social support, and quality of life among spouses of patients at the end-of-life stage in Thailand: A correlational study.

Background: Non-communicable diseases have become a leading global health challenge, with mortality rates steadily rising. Insufficient patient care can worsen chronic illness, often placing significant caregiving responsibilities on the patient's spouse. In some cases, spouses may need to leave their jobs to provide full-time care, especially during the end-of-life stage.

Experiences, perceptions and ethical considerations of the malaria infection study in Thailand.

Background: Thailand has made significant progress in malaria control efforts in the past decade, with a decline in the number of reported cases. However, due to cross-border movements over the past 5 years, reported malaria cases in Thailand have risen. The Malaria Infection Study in Thailand (MIST) involves deliberate infection of healthy volunteers with Plasmodium vivax malaria parasites, and the assessment of the efficacy of potential vaccine and drug candidates in order to understand acquired protection against malaria parasites.

Isolation of PCSK9-specific nanobodies from synthetic libraries using a combined protein selection strategy.

Nanobodies (Nbs) hold great potential to replace conventional antibodies in various biomedical applications. However, conventional methods for their discovery can be time-consuming and expensive. We have developed a reliable protein selection strategy that combines magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS)-based screening of yeast surface display (YSD) libraries and functional ligand-binding identification by Tat-based recognition of associating proteins (FLI-TRAP) to isolate antigen-specific Nbs from synthetic libraries.

Resilience-building in palliative care professionals: scoping review.

Unlabelled: Resilience-building in palliative care professionals: scoping review BACKGROUND: Burnout, demoralisation and compassion fatigue are common among palliative care professionals. Practising palliative care necessitates a quality of resilience in order to ensure constant and optimal patient care. However, there is no universal approach to prevent burnout or raise resilience among palliative care professionals.

Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Patients Who Underwent the Arterial Switch Operation at Siriraj Hospital-Thailand's Largest National Tertiary Referral Center.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the short- and long-term outcomes of patients who underwent the arterial switch operation (ASO) at Siriraj Hospital in Thailand, and to identify postoperative complications and factors that significantly affect patient survival.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively studied all patients with dextro-transposition of the great arteries and anatomic variants who underwent the ASO from January 1995 to December 2020. Twenty-year overall survival and 15-year freedom from reoperation/reintervention were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Effect of a modified methyl methacrylate-p-styrene sulfonic acid copolymer-based gel desensitizer on dentin permeability and tubule occlusion in human dentin .

Background/purpose: Tubular occlusion is an effective method to treat dentin hypersensitivity. This study aimed to determine the effect of a modified methyl methacrylate-p-styrene sulfonic acid copolymer-based gel desensitizer on dentin permeability and tubule occlusion in extracted human premolars.

Materials And Methods: Hydraulic conductance (HC) measurement (n = 50) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM; n = 64) were performed.

Clinical Efficacy Between Intravenous Paracetamol and Intravenous Fentanyl for Propofol Deep Sedation in Colonoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Sedation practices for colonoscopy indeed vary widely around the globe. Due to a lack of data on intravenous paracetamol, we aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of intravenous paracetamol compared to intravenous fentanyl under propofol deep sedation for colonoscopy.

Methods: A total of 225 patients who underwent colonoscopy at Siriraj Hospital were randomly assigned to two groups.

The impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on the incidence, therapy, and outcomes of fournier gangrene: insights from a systematic review of case reports.

Background: The clinical characteristics, therapy, and outcome of Fournier Gangrene (FG) in patients using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) were examined in this systematic review.

Methods: Without a publication year restriction, we searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane. Additionally, we manually searched bibliographies using the terms "Fournier's gangrene" and "SGLT2 inhibitors.

Efficacy, Safety, and Cost-effectiveness of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Whitfield's Spirit Solution for Treating Superficial Fungal Foot Infections: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: A novel antifungal formulation combining zinc oxide nanoparticles and Whitfield's spirit solution (ZnO-WFs) was developed to enhance the treatment of superficial fungal foot infections.

Methods: This 8-week, randomized, double-blinded controlled trial compared the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of ZnO-WFs with those of Whitfield's spirit solution (WFs) alone and a zinc oxide nanoparticle solution (ZnOs). Seventy of the 84 enrolled patients completed the trial.

Evaluating AI performance in nephrology triage and subspecialty referrals.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise in revolutionizing medical triage, particularly in the context of the rising prevalence of kidney-related conditions with the aging global population. This study evaluates the utility of ChatGPT, a large language model, in triaging nephrology cases through simulated real-world scenarios. Two nephrologists created 100 patient cases that encompassed various aspects of nephrology.

Tinea manuum: a 5 year retrospective study of demographic data, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes.

Tinea manuum is a superficial fungal infection affecting the hands, particularly the palms and interdigital areas. This retrospective study investigated clinical features, laboratory findings, treatment, and outcomes in patients with fungal hand infections at Siriraj Hospital between 2016 and 2020. Among 107 patients, representing 1.

Dosimetry Assessment of Potential Hazard from Visible Light, Especially Blue Light, Emitted by Screen of Devices in Daily Use.

Visible light has been considered to have minimal impact on the skin. However, the increasing use of electronic devices has led to a significant increase in exposure to visible light, especially blue light. We measured the irradiance (mW/cm) and estimated dose (J/cm) of visible light and blue light emitted from various electronic devices including smartphones, tablets and computers.

Lymphomatoid Papulosis Type E With T-Cell Receptor Gamma Positivity.

Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is currently categorized as a primary lymphoproliferative disorder that follows a chronic, recurrent clinical course. The diagnosis of LyP is mainly based on clinical presentation and histopathological correlation. Six subtypes of LyP have been described and recognized, each with different histological features and sometimes distinct clinical presentations.

Etiology of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in Tertiary-Care Hospitals in Thailand: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: To describe the top three causative organisms of hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in Thailand.

Patients And Methods: This multi-center retrospective cohort study included HAP/VAP patients hospitalized in 2019 in three university-affiliated hospitals and a private hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Medical records of patients with a documented diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia (NP) were systematically reviewed to collect data on demographic, clinical, microbiological, and 30-day readmission due to NP.

The Association Between Tuberculosis and Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Recent research suggests that tuberculosis (TB) may pose a potential risk factor for osteoporosis, although the available evidence remains limited. This study aimed to comprehensively assess osteoporosis risk in TB patients through systematic review and meta-analysis methodology. Two investigators independently conducted a literature search using the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) databases up to April 2024.

Knowledge, Attitude, Awareness, and Practice Regarding Mites Among the Thai Population.

Background: mites are common ectoparasites in humans and can cause various skin disorders known as demodicosis, ranging from nonspecific facial dermatitis to conditions resembling eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, folliculitis, and acne. Overgrowth of these mites can lead to pityriasis folliculorum, perioral dermatitis, blepharitis, and rosacea, significantly impacting skin health. This study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitude, awareness, and practice regarding mites in the Thai population and analyze the influencing factors associated with these aspects.

Protozoocidal activity of against .

is a major pathogen of the gastrointestinal tract, and infections impact both human health and the economy. The ongoing issues with drug resistance and the side effects of current anti- treatments highlight the urgent need for new therapeutic options. This study focused on investigating the efficacy of crude extracts of from Thailand against .

Comprehensive care of ulcerative colitis: new treatment strategies.

Introduction: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the colon driven by aberrant immune activation. Although advanced medical therapies form the cornerstone of ulcerative colitis management, unmet needs include failure to induce and sustain remission in a substantial proportion of patients and in managing acute severe ulcerative colitis. We review new treatment strategies that might improve patient outcomes in the management of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis.

Preoperative myosteatosis and perioperative serum chloride levels predict 180 day major complications after radical cystectomy.

This study aimed to investigate the role of myosteatosis, sarcopenia, and perioperative serum biomarkers as independent predictors of major complications within 180 days following radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). We retrospectively analyzed of 127 MIBC patients who underwent RC between 2013 and 2023 at a single institution. Preoperative body composition was assessed using CT scans at the L3 vertebral level to measure psoas muscle density (PMD), skeletal muscle density (SMD), axial muscle density (AMD), and muscle indices.

Validation of Muscle Ultrasound Speckle Tracking and the Effect of Nordic Hamstring Exercise on Biceps Femoris Displacement.

Objective: This study aimed to validate the ultrasound speckle tracking (UST) algorithm, determine the optimal probe location by comparing normalized cross-correlation (NCC) values of muscle displacement at two locations (proximal vs. middle) of the biceps femoris long head (BFlh) using the UST, and investigate the effects of Nordic hamstring curl exercise (NHE) training on BFlh displacement.

Methods: UST efficacy was verified with ex vivo uniaxial testing of porcine leg muscles.