The effect of different adhesive strategies and diamond burs on dentin bond strength of universal resin cements.

Objectives: To evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of universal cements (UCs) to dentin prepared with different diamond burs using various adhesive strategies.

Materials And Methods: One-hundred-twenty molars were prepared to expose the mid-coronal dentin. The teeth were divided into two groups according to diamond bur preparations: coarse and super-fine grit burs.

Effect of Particulate Matter 2.5 on Primary Gingival Keratinocyte and Human Gingival Fibroblast Cell Lines.

Objective:  Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), an important air pollution particle, has been previously studied for its effects on various normal and cancer tissues.

Validation of the Thai translation of the attitudes toward euthanasia scale.

In Thailand, euthanasia has been a controversial topic for several decades. The assessment of attitudes toward euthanasia among medical students who will become future medical practitioners is essential for the progression of future legislation and practice. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Attitude Towards Euthanasia scale in the Thai context and measure its validity and reliability.

Iron induces blood-brain barrier alteration contributing to cognitive impairment in β-thalassaemia mice.

Iron overload has been associated with cerebrovascular disease and cognitive impairment in β-thalassaemia patients, typically appearing earlier than in the general population. However, the mechanisms of iron overload on cerebrovascular pathology remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of heavy iron overload on the blood-brain barrier and neurohistology, particularly in the CA3 region of hippocampus and its contribution to cognitive impairment in β-thalassaemia mice.

The D126G mutation contributes to the early-onset X-linked juvenile retinoschisis.

X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS) is an inherited retinal disease caused by mutations in the RS1 gene, resulting in splitting of the retinal layers and visual disturbances. To provide insights on this disease in our cohort, genetic examination, clinical presentation, and functional analysis were performed. We observed three main RS1 mutations in our cohort of six unrelated patients: RS1-D126G, RS1-R209H, and RS1-R213W.

Changes of health-related quality of life within 6 months after stroke by clinical and sociodemographic factors.

Stroke causes functional disabilities and reduces the quality of life of stroke survivors. This retrospective cohort study aimed to examine changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) six months after a stroke and the effect of stroke characteristics and sociodemographic factors on HRQoL. Participants completed a questionnaire that included the stroke characteristics, sociodemographic characteristics, and the 5-level European Quality of Life 5 dimensions (EQ-5D-5L) before discharge.

Effect of partial and total replacement of fishmeal by soybean meal in feed on growth and gut performance of Penaeus vannamei.

This study evaluated the growth and gut performance of shrimp fed three isonitrogenous diets (37% crude protein) with varying inclusions of fish meal (FM) and soybean meal (SBM): F1 (27.5% FM), F2 (10% FM + 23.5% SBM), and F3 (38% SBM).

Comparative outcomes of microsurgical dorsal root entry zone lesioning (DREZotomy) for intractable neuropathic pain in spinal cord and cauda equina injuries.

Treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and cauda equina injury (CEI) remains challenging. Dorsal root entry zone lesioning (DREZL) or DREZotomy is a viable surgical option for refractory cases. This study aimed to compare DREZL surgical outcomes between patients with SCI and those with CEI and to identify predictors of postoperative pain relief.

Digital PCR detection of microsporidia in household pipe water of patients with microsporidial keratitis.

This is a prospective non-comparative experimental study aimed to investigate the presence of microsporidia in household pipe water of microsporidial keratitis (MK) patients and to describe the patients' characteristics and behavioral risk factors. This study was conducted at Walailak University Hospital, Thailand, from July 2022 to February 2024. Patients diagnosed with MK were surveyed using a questionnaire to assess personal behaviors and source of household water.

Effect of isolated compounds from Combretum trifoliatum on toxicity and detoxification enzymes in Nilaparvata lugens.

The brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) is a major insect pest of Oryza sativa that causes crop yield loss in tropical regions, including Thailand. In this study, the crude ethanolic extract of the leaves and branches of Combretum trifoliatum , its active isolated components, apigenin and camphor, and Finopril were tested for their ability to control the first to fifth instars of N. lugens.

Development of colorimetric and fluorescent closed tube LAMP assay using simplified extraction for diagnosis of Meloidogyne enterolobii in root tissues.

Meloidogyne enterolobii, a guava root-knot nematode, is a highly virulent pest in tropical and subtropical regions causing galls or knots in roots of diverse plant species posing a serious threat to agriculture. Managing this nematode is challenging due to limitations in conventional identification based on isolation and microscopic classification requiring expertise and time. A colorimetric and fluorescent LAMP assay using simplified extraction method targeting rDNA-ITS region was developed to detect M.

A cost-utility analysis of adding SGLT2 inhibitors for the management of type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease in Thailand.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients is associated with end-stage renal disease and significant economic burden. While sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) show renal benefits in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), their cost-effectiveness in Thailand remains unclear. This study evaluates the cost-utility of adding SGLT2i (dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, and canagliflozin) to standard of care therapy (SoCT) for T2D patients with CKD in Thailand.

The molecular reach of antibodies crucially underpins their viral neutralisation capacity.

Key functions of antibodies, such as viral neutralisation, depend on high-affinity binding. However, viral neutralisation poorly correlates with antigen affinity for reasons that have been unclear. Here, we use a new mechanistic model of bivalent binding to study  >45 patient-isolated IgG1 antibodies interacting with SARS-CoV-2 RBD surfaces.

Electrochemically Driven Site-Selective N-Hydroxymethylation of Indoles and Derivatives.

Described herein is a facile electrochemical strategy for the generation of formaldehyde from N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) and water (H2O) toward a direct and site-selective N-hydroxymethylation of indoles and derivatives. Mechanistic studies suggested that N-(hydroxymethyl)-N-methylacetamide generated in situ from DMA/H2O under electrochemical conditions serves as a formaldehyde surrogate. The developed methodology features mild, base- and metal catalyst-free conditions.

Molecular Display of the Animal Meta-Venome for Discovery of Novel Therapeutic Peptides.

Animal venoms, distinguished by their unique structural features and potent bioactivities, represent a vast and relatively untapped reservoir of therapeutic molecules. However, limitations associated with comprehensively constructing and expressing highly complex venom and venom-like molecule libraries have precluded their therapeutic evaluation via high throughput screening. Here, we developed an innovative computational approach to design a highly diverse library of animal venoms and "metavenoms".

A Sentinel Survey in Remote Western Thailand Indicates that School-Aged Children and Reproductive-Aged Women of the Indigenous Pwo Karen Community are Iodine Sufficient.

Indigenous peoples are often not routinely included in iodine programs because of language barriers and remote access, and may thus be at higher risk of iodine deficiency disorders, which could adversely impact their quality of life. We conducted this cross-sectional study in the remote Pwo Karen community of Thailand to determine the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) of school-aged children (SAC) and women of reproductive age (WRA) and investigate the iodine content in household salt. We measured UIC in spot urine samples from healthy SAC and WRA, administered a questionnaire, estimated daily iodine intake and collected household salt samples to determine salt iodine concentration.

Biochemical characterization and inhibitor potential of African swine fever virus thymidine kinase.

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease affecting both domestic pigs and wild boars. In domestic pigs, ASF is a rapidly-progressing disease with a mortality rate reaching 100 %, causing tremendous economic loss in affected areas. ASFV is caused by African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV), which is a large, enveloped double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Asfarviridae family.

Recommendations on Ultrasound-Guided Hyaluronic Acid Soft Tissue Augmentation of the Upper Face in Asians.

Background: Ultrasonography allows real-time imaging of facial soft tissue during hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injections. However, there is currently limited guidance relating to ultrasound-guided HA filler placement in the upper face.

Aims: To develop guidance for the effective use of ultrasonography to improve the safety of HA filler injection procedures.

A primary school-based dengue solution model for post-COVID-19 in southern Thailand: Students understanding of the dengue solution and larval indices surveillance system.

One of the consequences of the COVID-19 lockdown is that it hinders school-based dengue management interventions. This is due to the closure of schools and the limited availability of online lessons in certain schools. Conversely, the level of basic understanding that primary school children have about the condition is directly related to their likelihood of getting it and their ability to modify their behaviour to prevent it.

Enhancement of in vitro transcellular absorption and in vivo oral bioavailability of apigenin by self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems.

This study aims to develop a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) to solve the limited oral bioavailability problem of apigenin, a bioactive flavonoid. Apigenin-loaded SNEDDS consisting of Gelucire 44/14, Tween 80, and PEG 400 in the mass ratios of 25:37.5:37.

A systematic review of circulating IP-10/CXCL10 in patients with Plasmodium infections in relation to disease severity.

Interferon γ-induced protein 10 kDa (IP-10) or C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) is produced and secreted from specific leukocytes such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes, which play key roles in the immune response to Plasmodium infections. This systematic review aimed to collate and critically appraise the current evidence on IP-10 levels in malaria patients. It provided insights into its role in malaria pathogenesis and potential as a biomarker for Plasmodium infections and disease severity.