Cancer management in terms of precision oncology.

Cancer processes have been studied for over a century, but clinical care still relies on morphological and histological approaches. Modern diagnostic and therapy options include molecular characterisation of abnormal genes, cell surface indicators, hormonal/endocrine mediators, and signaling pathways. Targeted medicines, synthetic lethal targeting, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have spurred hope for molecular targets in cancer management.

Surveillance of head neck cancer: Case for personalized and standardized surveillance.

Although surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or combined treatment often elicits an initial satisfactory response, relapses are frequently observed within two years. Current surveillance methods, including clinical exams and imaging evaluations, have not unambiguously demonstrated a survival benefit, most probably due to a lack of sensitivity in detecting very early recurrence. Current guidelines advise post-treatment surveillance of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients should involve scheduled appointments with a variety of practitioners.

Flash radiotherapy-gateway to promised land or another mirage.

Radiation therapy damages cancer cells with ionizing radiation, leading to their death. However, radiation‑induced toxicity limits the dose delivered to the tumor, thereby constraining the control effect of radiotherapy n tumor growth. In addition, the delayed toxicity caused by radiotherapy significantly harms the physical and mental health of patients.