Natural biopolymer-based hydrogels: an advanced material for diabetic wound healing.

A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is an open sore or wound that typically develops on the bottom of the foot. Almost 15% of people with diabetes are suffering from delayed wound healing worldwide. The main vehicle for the development of ulcers in the diabetic population is poor circulation and peripheral neuropathy.

Cochlear-Carotid Interval: Bridging Surgical Insights and Radiological Findings in Cadaveric Human Temporal Bones.

The temporal bone is a complex neurovascular structure. The procedure of cochlear implantation is performed with in few millimetres of area around which important structures like internal carotid artery, jugular bulb and facial nerve are present. Displacement of an electrode into the carotid canal although rare is considered as a major complication in cochlear implant surgery.

Torsemide in Edema Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Torsemide is a loop diuretic used to manage edema associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI). It acts by inhibiting sodium and chloride ions reabsorption in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, thereby increasing urine output and reducing fluid accumulation. Compared to other diuretics, torsemide has an extended duration of action, higher bioavailability, and its elimination route is primarily through the hepatic route, making it effective in patients with CKD and AKI.

Microsurgical clipping of large MCA aneurysm in a 2-month-old child.

Background: Cerebral aneurysms in children have a low incidence and accounts for less than 4% of all cerebral aneurysms. These aneurysms have been linked to various factors. Severe headache, seizures, and motor-sensory deficits are common presentations.

Incidence and risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection in 623 intensive care units throughout 37 Asian, African, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern nations: A multinational prospective research of INICC.

Objective: To identify urinary catheter (UC)-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) incidence and risk factors.

Design: A prospective cohort study.

Setting: The study was conducted across 623 ICUs of 224 hospitals in 114 cities in 37 African, Asian, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries.

An atypical case of hypomagnesemia-induced cerebellar syndrome with literature review.

Cerebellar ataxia in adults is always a diagnostic challenge. One of the important causes of late-onset cerebellar ataxia is hypomagnesemia. Hypomagnesemia can have varied manifestations and is attributable to numerous causes.

An international prospective study of INICC analyzing the incidence and risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infections in 235 ICUs across 8 Asian Countries.

Background: Identify urinary catheter (UC)-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) incidence and risk factors (RF) in 235 ICUs in 8 Asian countries: India, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Methods: From January 1, 2014, to February 12, 2022, we conducted a prospective cohort study. To estimate CAUTI incidence, the number of UC days was the denominator, and CAUTI was the numerator.

Frequency of Positive Cuff Leak Test Before Extubation in Robotic Surgeries Done in Steep Trendelenburg Position.

Anaesthesia for robotic surgeries done in steep trendelenburg position are associated with risks such as facial oedema, conjunctival chemosis, raised intraocular pressure, laryngeal oedema, and delayed awakening. We proposed the use of the cuff leak test in them to record the frequency of laryngeal oedema at the end of surgery and attempted to find its correlation with probable risk factors. We conducted a prospective observational study of 100 patients aiming primarily to assess the frequency of positive cuff leak test in robotic abdominal surgeries performed in trendelenburg position.

Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicting Case Severity in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Review.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly contagious and has taken an enormous toll on the worldwide quality of life and the global economy, in addition to the lives lost due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Precautionary measures and timely identification of the infected cases are essential to minimize the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Infection with this virus causes a spike in the proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in immune system-mediated host tissue damage, thus leading to mortality.

Effect of Yoga on the Stress, Anxiety, and Depression of COVID-19-Positive Patients: A Quasi-Randomized Controlled Study.

The spread of COVID-19 has resulted in reports of increase in stress, anxiety, and depression across society, especially in people who have tested positive for COVID-19, which affects their mental health and well-being. This article reports a quasi-randomized controlled study conducted in the COVID wards of a hospital to examine the efficacy of add-on yoga intervention in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression in COVID-affected patients under quarantine. The peripheral capillary oxygen saturation level and heart rate of the COVID-19-affected patients were also measured.

Rare Case of C3 Glomerulopathy in a Patient of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Complement component 3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a recently defined entity comprising dense deposit disease and C3 glomerulonephritis. It is associated with nonrenal diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1, ocular drusen, acquired partial lipodystrophy, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. We describe a case of 13-year-old boy of the known case of type 1 DM, who developed proteinuria, and swelling over his face, and lower limbs, which on renal biopsy, was diagnosed as a case of C3G.

COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Single Centre Study from Northern India.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pre-immunosuppressed state along with other existing co-morbidities can influence the outcomes of COVID-19 in transplant patients.

Material And Methods: This was a single centre prospective cohort study done in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), who underwent kidney transplantation (from December 2012 to November 2020), who were actively followed up at our centre and were diagnosed with COVID-19 disease between 1 April and 30 November 2020.

Comparing Effectiveness of Combination of Collagen Peptide Type-1, Low Molecular Weight Chondroitin Sulphate, Sodium Hyaluronate, and Vitamin-C Versus Oral Diclofenac Sodium in Achilles Tendinopathy: A Prospective Randomized Control Trial.

Background Achilles tendinopathy, a common cause of heel pain, is primarily considered mechanical in origin, but its pathogenesis and treatment lack consensus. Molecules such as collagen peptide type-1, low molecular weight chondroitin sulphate, sodium hyaluronate and vitamin C have been shown to act as building blocks of tendon structure, and oral supplementation of these have promising results in Achilles tendinopathy. Methods This study was a prospective randomized control trial to compare the effectiveness of oral diclofenac sodium versus a nutraceutical combination of collagen peptide type-1, chondroitin sulphate, sodium hyaluronate, and vitamin C in the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy on pain and ultrasonographic structures.

"It was not okay because you leave your friends behind": A prospective analysis of transition to adult care for adolescents living with perinatally-acquired HIV in South Africa.

Objective: To determine facilitators and barriers to successful transition to adult care for adolescents living with perinatally-acquired HIV in South Africa.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 30 adolescents living with perinatally-acquired HIV after their pediatrician deemed them ready for transition to adult care but prior to their transition. Eighteen months after enrollment, we measured transition status, engagement in care (i.

The Mandible Sparing "POSC Technique" for Management of Middle and Posterior Third Tongue Cancers.

Cancer of the tongue forms more than 50% of oral cavity cancers. Generally, patients come with locally advanced tongue cancer. The treatment for this cancer is multi-modality.

Where are we after 50 years of the Fontan operation?

First introduced in 1971, the Fontan procedure is the final common destination for all patients with a functional single ventricle. The procedure itself has evolved tremendously over the last five decades. This review traces this journey and presents the importance, outcomes and future outlook of the procedure in the current era.

Anesthetic nuances in Segawa's syndrome: A case report and review of the literature.

Segawa's syndrome, dopamine-responsive dystonia, is a rare genetic disorder that typically begins in childhood by around 4-6 years of age. It is characterized by abnormal gait and dystonia. A 33-year-old man presented for autologous skin grafting of a nonhealing wound under general anesthesia.

Oral teratoma in a neonate: A case report of anesthetic challenge.

Congenital teratoma of oral cavity in a neonate is a rare condition associated with compromised airway and challenges anesthesiologist in airway management. In this report, we describe a scenario of neonate with multiple oral teratoma, cleft palate, and bifid tongue who presented with respiratory distress for surgical excision of mass. The compromised airway can be successfully managed by appropriate prior planning and effective communication between anesthesiologist and surgical team.

Disclosure, Social Support, and Mental Health are Modifiable Factors Affecting Engagement in Care of Perinatally-HIV Infected Adolescents: A Qualitative Dyadic Analysis.

Adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV in South Africa face significant barriers to successful transition from pediatric to adult care. We performed in-depth qualitative interviews with 41 adolescents living with HIV and 18 of their caregivers to investigate modifiable factors to improve engagement in care prior to transition to adult care. Based on dyadic, inductive content analysis, findings suggest that HIV status disclosure, social support, and mental health are targets for improvement in engagement in care.

Six-year study on peripheral venous catheter-associated BSI rates in 262 ICUs in eight countries of South-East Asia: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium findings.

Background: Short-term peripheral venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection rates have not been systematically studied in Asian countries, and data on peripheral venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections incidence by number of short-term peripheral venous catheter days are not available.

Methods: Prospective, surveillance study on peripheral venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections conducted from 1 September 2013 to 31 May 2019 in 262 intensive care units, members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium, from 78 hospitals in 32 cities of 8 countries in the South-East Asia Region: China, India, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. For this research, we applied definition and criteria of the CDC NHSN, methodology of the INICC, and software named INICC Surveillance Online System.

Six-year multicenter study on short-term peripheral venous catheters-related bloodstream infection rates in 204 intensive care units of 57 hospitals in 19 cities of India: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) findings.

Background: Short-term peripheral venous catheters-related bloodstream infections (PVCR-BSIs) rates have not been systematically studied in developing countries, and data on their incidence by number of device-days are not available.

Methods: Prospective, surveillance study on PVCR-BSI conducted from September 1, 2013 to May 31, 2019 in 204 intensive care units (ICUs), members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC), from 57 hospitals in 19 cities of India. We applied US INICC definition criteria and reported methods using the INICC Surveillance Online System.

Comparison of outcome after ACL reconstruction in terms of subjective assessment of symptoms and function and clinical assessment of ligament stability.

Background: The knee joint is frequently involved in sports and other injuries with Anterior cruciate ligament being a very common ligament to be injured. The Lachman test, pivot-shift test, and instrumented knee laxity examination are frequently used and reported for evaluation of ACL reconstruction. The aim of this study is to examine and evaluate the relationships between the clinical assessment of ligament stability and subjective assessment of symptoms and function after ACL reconstruction.