Seroprevalence of Measles Antibodies Among Migrant Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Incomplete or interrupted vaccination schedules put migrant communities at higher risk for measles, which remains a serious public health concern. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the pooled seroprevalence of measles antibodies among migrant groups globally and offer data to guide public health initiatives. Our literature search included PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases, covering publications from 1990 to 2023, and was systematically refined using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.

A Qualitative Analysis of Urbanization and Menstrual Health Among Young Women.

This qualitative study, grounded in theory, employed inductive coding for analysis, focusing on menstrual health among urban women aged 10-25. The research aims to explore the menstrual health status, practices, and beliefs of participants. The research delves into the impact of recent government initiatives on menstrual health and assesses the role of urbanization in shaping evolving menstrual health practices among young girls.

Clinical Profile, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Ectopic Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Prospective Indian Study.

Objectives To determine the clinical profile, management and outcomes in patients of ectopic pregnancy (EP) presenting to the hospital. Methods A prospective observational study was done on 75 women with ectopic pregnancy among a total of 1350 women who attended the Gynecology department over a period of 18 months from December 2020 until June 2022. The details of patients such as age, socioeconomic status, referral, symptoms, obstetric history, and signs and symptoms were recorded.

Parkinson's disease updates: Addressing the pathophysiology, risk factors, genetics, diagnosis, along with the medical and surgical treatment.

After only Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease. The incidence of this disease increases with age, especially for those above 70 years old. There are many risk factors that are well-established in the contribution to the development of PD, such as age, gender, ethnicity, rapid eye movement sleep disorder, high consumption of dairy products, traumatic brain injury, genetics, and pesticides/herbicides.

Adaptation of a Public-Private Partnership Model for the Implementation of Minipool Nucleic Acid Testing for Screening Routine Blood Donations and Assay Evaluation.

 Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) for the screening of blood donations is known to improve blood safety. The decision to initiate NAT requires careful deliberation of infrastructure, skilled manpower, and financial resources. This report outlines the initiative of the Government of Odisha to implement NAT screening in government blood banks in the state of Odisha, India, through public-private partnership (PPP) and evaluates the incremental yield of minipool NAT screening over serology testing of blood donations.

Lateral Lamella of Cribriform Plate (LLCP): A Computed Tomography Radiological Analysis.

Spectrum of disease involves nasal passage and paranasal sinuses termed as sinonasal disease. CT is superior to other imaging modalities in the assessment of the paranasal sinuses (PNS) pathology. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is the common modality of treatment for diseases of nose and PNS.

Diagnostic Utility of Mean Peak Systolic Velocity of Superior Thyroid Artery in Differentiating Graves' Disease from Thyroiditis.

Differentiating Graves' disease from thyroiditis can be at times clinically challenging. The gold standard test (thyroid nuclear imaging scan) is expensive, not routinely available, and has radiation exposure. Color Doppler ultrasonography of thyroid represents a suitable alternate which can be used for differentiating these conditions by studying thyroid blood flow parameters.

Spectrum of hemoglobin disorders in southern Odisha, India: a hospital based study.

Background: Hemoglobin disorders are the leading health concern in the world including India. There is a paucity of literature on the spectrum of hemoglobin disorders in southern districts of Odisha state. This study was undertaken to elucidate the occurrence of different hemoglobin disorders in a tertiary health care facility of Odisha state, India.

Erythrocyte cAMP in Determining Frequency of Acute Pain Episodes in Sickle Cell Disease Patients from Odisha State, India.

Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) occurs more frequently during stress in sickle cell disease patients. Epinephrine released during stress increases adhesion of sickled red blood cells (RBCs) to endothelium and to leukocytes, a process mediated through erythrocyte cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Increased adhesion of sickled RBCs retards blood flow through the capillaries and promotes vaso-occlusion.

Association of fetal hemoglobin level with frequency of acute pain episodes in sickle cell disease (HbS-only phenotype) patients.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a Mendelian single gene disorder with highly variable phenotypic expression. In the present study, we analyzed the influence of HbF, alpha thalassemia and other hematological indices to determine their association with acute pain episodes.

Method: This case control study consisted of SCD subjects with HbS phenotype experiencing three or more acute pain episodes in last twelve months (cases) and without any episode of acute pain during last twelve months (controls).

Pattern of Isolated Fatal Mechanical Injury in Homicidal Deaths: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Homicide is the death of one human being as a result of conduct of another. Multiple assaults on the body are seen in 70% cases, which indicate determination on the part of the accused to end the life of the victim.

Aim: To identify the pattern, distribution and means of inflicting fatal isolated mechanical injury on the body in cases of homicide.

Effect of BMI, Body Fat Percentage and Fat Free Mass on Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Young Adults.

Introduction: Maximal oxygen consumption (VO) is an important measure of cardiorespiratory capacity of an individual at a given degree of fitness and oxygen availability. Risk of cardiovascular diseases increases with increasing degree of obesity and a low level of VO has been established as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality.

Aim: To determine VO in young adults and to find its correlation with Body Mass Index (BMI), Body Fat% and Fat Free Mass (FFM).

An unusual case of spontaneous esophagopleural fistula.

Esophago-pleural fistula (EPF) is an uncommon condition, despite of an anatomical proximity of these structures. Causes of EPF include pneumonectomy for suppurative or tubercular disease of lung and carcinoma lung, malignancy of esophagus. Benign EPF is rare and may be due to trauma or infection.

Typhoidal Salmonellae: Use of Multi-Locus Sequence Typing to Determine Population Structure.

Enteric fever is an invasive infection predominantly caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A. The pathogens have evolved from other nontyphoidal salmonellaeto become invasive and host restricted. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance in typhoidal salmonellae in some countries is a major therapeutic concern as the travelers returning from endemic countries carry resistant strains to non endemic areas.

Evaluation of Antenatal to Neonatal Continuum Care Services Affecting Neonatal Health in a Tertiary Health-Care Setup.

Background: Maternal and child mortality and morbidity continue to be high despite existence of various national health programmes in India. Annually 41% of all Under 5 mortality is comprised of neonates, 3/4 of who die within the first week of life. Even though effective programmes are existing, optimum utilization is still a question.

Sequence analysis of pfcrt and pfmdr1 genes and its association with chloroquine resistance in Southeast Indian Plasmodium falciparum isolates.

Background: Due to the widespread resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine drug, artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been recommended as the first-line treatment. This study aims to evaluate the extent of chloroquine resistance in P. falciparum infection after the introduction of ACT.

Histoplasmosis presenting as isolated cervical lymphadenopathy: A rare presentation.

Histoplasmosis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by inhaling the spores of a fungus called Histoplasma capsulatum. Disseminated histoplasmosis is the most common form associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Here, we report a case of histoplasmosis presenting as isolated cervical lymphadenopathy in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient diagnosed by a less invasive method (fine-needle aspiration cytology) and confirmed by fungal culture of fine-needle aspiration material.

Is abdominal tuberculosis a surgical problem?

Introduction: Abdominal tuberculosis (TB) has always been a diagnostic challenge, even for the astute surgeon. In developing countries, extrapulmonary TB often presents as an acute abdomen in surgical emergencies such as perforations and obstructions of the gut. Abdominal TB in different forms has been found more often as an aetiology for the chronic abdomen.

Diagnosis and management of schwannomas originating from the cervical vagus nerve.

Introduction: A schwannoma is a benign, slow growing, encapsulated nerve sheath tumour. Presentation of a schwannoma is a diagnostic and management challenge.

Methods: Internet searches of PubMed/MEDLINE(®) for all articles listing schwannomas of the vagus nerve in the cervical/neck region (1980-2012) were undertaken to ascertain diagnostic pitfalls.

A rare case of subcutaneous mucormycosis due to Syncephalastrum racemosum: case report and review of literature.

Zygomycosis represent a group of uncommon but potentially fatal fungal infections. The incidence of zygomycosis has increased manifold in recent years. Despite aggressive treatment, it can lead to a highly invasive disease state with fatal outcomes, especially among immuno-compromised.