Exploring the Bioaccessibility of Roasted Japanese Green Tea: Impact of Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion.

In this study, the effects were explored of digestive enzymes and pH on the bioaccessibility of polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities in Hojicha (roasted green tea, RT) infusions during simulated in vitro digestion. Roasting modifies its polyphenolic profile and reduces bitterness, making it a popular variation of green tea. In this study, RT was used for assessing how the roasting-induced changes influenced the tea's bioaccessibility and stability under digestive conditions.

Novel Development and Sensory Evaluation of Extruded Snacks from Unripe Banana (Musa ABB cv. Kluai 'Namwa') and Rice Flour Enriched with Antioxidant-Rich Microcapsules.

With the growing consumer demand for natural functional ingredients that promote health and well-being while preventing age-related diseases, this study aimed to develop extruded snacks enriched with (turmeric) microcapsules, recognized for their significant antioxidant properties. Unripe banana flour (Musa ABB cv. Kluai 'Namwa') and rice () flour were employed as a gluten-free base to create this novel extruded snack.

Molecular Phylogeny and Morphology Reveal Four New Species of (Bolbitiaceae, Agaricales) from the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China.

The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, known for its high altitude, geological history of plate collision, crustal uplift, and special ecology factors, provides an ideal environment for studying fungal biodiversity in extreme environmental conditions. Some species within the , containing secondary metabolites such as psilocybin, phallotoxins, and amatoxins, have potential medicinal value for treating psychiatric disorders and for use in drug development. This study investigates (Bolbitiaceae, Agaricales) on the Plateau, based on specimens collected over the past decade, using morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses.

Phage therapy could be key to conquering persistent bacterial lung infections in children.

Persistent bacterial lung infections in children lead to significant morbidity and mortality due to antibiotic resistance. In this paper, we describe how phage therapy has shown remarkable efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies, demonstrating significant therapeutic benefits through various administration routes. Ongoing trials are evaluating its safety and effectiveness against different pathogens.

New and species (Pleosporales, Ascomycota) from spp. in China.

Saprobic fungi are known for their critical role in decomposition and nutrient cycling. The study of saprobic fungi is equally important, as it helps in understanding their ecological roles and identifying their hidden diversity. This study focused on saprobic fungi on , which is poorly studied compared to economically important hosts like coffee, tea, and rubber.

A New Short-Term Assessment Condition for Evaluating Nonfunctional Electromyographic Activity of Masseter Muscle During Wakefulness.

Background: Awake bruxism involves masticatory muscle activity during wakefulness, potentially leading to clinical concerns. Accurate electromyography (EMG) assessment is challenging with brief durations.

Objective: To establish a reliable, short-term measure for nonfunctional masseter muscle activity during wakefulness.

Novel and (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales) species from terrestrial habitats in China and Thailand.

During our investigations of saprobic fungi, five fungal collections from terrestrial habitats in China and Thailand were examined using both morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic approaches (LSU, ITS, 1-α, and 2), resulting in the identification of three novel species: , , and . and are morphologically similar in their asexual morphs but can be distinguished based on their molecular phylogenetic data. In this study, our new species, , represents the fourth sexual species within the genus, characterized by yellow-brown ascomata and fusiform ascospores.

Highly oxygenated cyclohexenes from the leaves of Roxb. ex Hornem and their cytotoxic and -glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Phytochemical investigation of the leaf extract of Roxb. ex Hornem led to the isolation and identification of two new highly oxygenated cyclohexenes, uvariagrandols A () and B (), together with seven known compounds (-). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods as well as comparisons made from the literature.

A prospective comparative trial to determine the optimal number of EUS-guided fineneedle passes for successful organoid creation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: EUS-guided fine-needle organoid creation (EUS-FNO) from pancreatic cancer (PC) has been increasingly important for precision medicine. The cost for pancreatic organoid creation is substantial and close to 2000 USD/specimen in our institution, and the specimen has to be processed immediately after tissue acquisition so the more passes and specimens, the higher cost of organoid creation will incur. To date, no prospective comparison trial has answered how many needle passes of EUS-FNO needed for a successful organoid creation.

Overexpression of multiple cytochrome P450 genes with and without knockdown resistance mutations confers high resistance to deltamethrin in Culex quinquefasciatus.

Background: The cytochrome P450s-mediated metabolic resistance and the target site insensitivity caused by the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene were the main mechanisms conferring resistance to deltamethrin in Culex quinquefasciatus from Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of cytochrome P450 genes and detect mutations of the vgsc gene in deltamethrin-resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus populations in Thailand.

Effect of safflower seed oil on the molecular structural and enzyme hydrolysis properties of maize starch-lipid complexes.

To investigate the impact of safflower seed oil on the structural and digestive properties of complexes formed by fatty acids of varying chain lengths with maize starch, the starch-fatty acid ternary complexes were prepared by a hydrothermal method. The results indicated that safflower seed oil inhibited the complexation of relatively short-chain fatty acids (C10:0, C12:0, and C16:0) with starch, and promoted the complexation of long-chain fatty acids (C18:0). Intriguingly, safflower seed oil showed no significant impact on the formation of linoleic acid (C18:2) complexes, suggesting selective interactions within the starch-fatty acid complexes.

Phytometabolites, Pharmacological Effects, Ethnomedicinal Properties, and Bioeconomic Potential of Velvet Apple (Diospyros discolor Willd.): A Review.

Diospyros discolor Willd., commonly known as Velvet apple or Mabolo, is an underutilized fruit. Traditionally, various parts of D.

Assigning (genus ) to Pseudoberkleasmiaceae (Dothideomycetes, Pleosporomycetidae, Pleosporales) and introducing as a novel species.

species are dematiaceous hyphomycetes that are characterised by acropleurogenous, dictyoseptate, campanulate or cheiroid, and brown to dark brown conidia that are composed of several layers of cells radiating from a protuberant basal cell, and mostly seen with appendages arising from the apical cells. The genus was introduced based on morphology to accommodate five of the six species that exhibited holoblastic conidial ontogeny. was referred to as Ascomycota genus as it was challenging to resolve its taxonomic placement based solely on the available morphological data (no DNA sequence data was previously available).

The impact of an integrated intervention program combining drug therapy with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) education on reinfection with intestinal parasitic infections among the Karen hill tribe in northern Thailand.

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are a major health problem among the Karen hill tribe in Thailand. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an integrated intervention program of drug therapy combined with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) education on reinfection with IPIs among the Karen hill tribe in an endemic area of northern Thailand.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in two Karen villages, involving 691 residents, in Omkoi District, Chiang Mai Province; one village was designated as the intervention group and the other as the control group.

Diversity of Lignicolous Freshwater Fungi from Yuanjiang River in Yunnan (China), with the Description of Four New Species.

Yuanjiang River (Red River) is one of the six major water systems in Yunnan Province, which originates from western Yunnan Province. This river system features numerous tributaries, complex terrain, and abundant natural resources. During the investigation on the diversity of lignicolous freshwater fungi in the Yuanjiang River, nine species were collected and identified, five belonging to and four to .

Additions to Dictyosporiaceae: comb. et gen. nov., Two New Species and Four New Host Records from Medicinal Plants in Southwestern China.

Medicinal plants serve as vital resources for preventing and treating diseases, with their flowers, fruits, leaves, roots, or entire plants being utilized in the pharmaceutical industry or as direct therapeutic agents. During our investigation of microfungi associated with medicinal plants in Guizhou and Sichuan Provinces, China, several asexual and sexual fungal morphs were collected. Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis based on combined ITS, LSU, SSU and datasets revealed that these taxa are related to the family Dictyosporiaceae.

Diversity of Species Associated with Trunk Diseases of (Peach) in Northern China.

Peach () is widely cultivated in China, but fungal diseases, particularly Cytospora canker, significantly impact tree health, reducing fruit yield and economic value. This disease mainly weakens tree branches and trunks, sometimes leading to tree death. There are no updated studies on the diversity of species associated with peach Cytospora canker in northern China.

Multigene phylogeny, taxonomy, and potential biological properties of and species (Roussoellaceae, Dothideomycetes) from Asteraceae weeds in northern Thailand.

In our study, dead stems of two Asteraceae species (weeds) were collected from northern Thailand. Both morphology and multigene phylogeny were used to determine the identity of the taxa. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of combined LSU, SSU, ITS, and data revealed two new species , and with one new host record of .

Taxonomic novelty in Pleomonodictydaceae and new reports for (Phaeosphaeriaceae), and (Pleurotremataceae).

This study introduces a novel genus , with its type . The specimen was collected on dead aerial branches of in Italy. Based on the examination of morphology and the results of phylogenetic analyses involving nuclear 18S rDNA (SSU), nuclear 28S rDNA (LSU), nuclear rDNA ITS1-5.

Nitrided Ti-6Al-4V: A Catalyst for Increase Mineralization and Osteogenic Marker Expression.

Plasma nitriding is one of the surface modifications that show more effectiveness than other methods. In this study, the plasma-based ion implantation (PBII) technique was performed on the surface of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V, Ti64) using a mixture of nitrogen (N) and argon (Ar), resulting in a plasma-nitrided surface (TiN-Ti64). The surface composition of the TiN-Ti64 was verified through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Seasonal volatile organic compound dynamics in urban and forest environments in Thailand: Implications for air quality and secondary pollutants.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) notably influence air quality, climate and secondary pollutant formation, particularly regions in where urban emissions interact with natural biogenic sources at the interface of urban and natural ecosystems. This study examined the VOC profiles in the Sakaerat dry evergreen forest and the urban area of Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, throughout 2023, focusing on seasonal and spatial variations in biogenic and anthropogenic VOCs (BVOCs and AVOCs, respectively). Hydrocarbons, mainly alkanes, dominated VOC compositions, contributing 43.

Effects of isoflavone interventions on bone turnover markers and factors regulating bone metabolism in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Unlabelled: This study examined how isoflavone interventions impact bone health in postmenopausal women. Analyzing 73 trials found that isoflavones reduce bone resorption markers, enhance bone minerals, and increase hormones regulating bone metabolism. This suggests that isoflavones could help address bone health issues in postmenopausal women.

Cave-dwelling phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Thailand: population composition and pathogen detection of Bartonella and Trypanosoma.

Background: Leishmaniasis is an emerging vector-borne disease that occurs in Thailand. Although Leishmania (Mundinia) parasites, the causative agents of the disease have been identified, the vectors of the disease remain unidentified. In the present study, we collected sand flies from three caves located in endemic areas of leishmaniasis, including Lampang and Chiang Rai in northern Thailand, and Songkhla in southern Thailand.

Oil palm leaf protein hydrolysate and its novel peptides as alternative plant-based α-glucosidase inhibitors.

Diabetes, particularly type II, is a global health concern, with current treatments like α-glucosidase inhibitors often causing gastrointestinal side effects. This study explored the antihyperglycemic potential of crude protein hydrolysate from oil palm leaves (OPL) as a plant-based α-glucosidase inhibitor. OPL protein hydrolysate was extracted under acidic, neutral, and alkaline conditions, and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was assessed.