Evaluating Prostate Cancer: The Diagnostic Impact of MRI and Its Relationship With Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS)-Guided Biopsy.

Background Prostate disorders, including benign enlargement and malignancy, are commonly evaluated through imaging techniques. Historically, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) has been used for prostate imaging and biopsy. However, multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), which integrates structural and functional imaging methods, offers enhanced diagnostic capabilities.

Translation and Validation of Tinnitus Sample Case History Questionnaire in Tamil.

Unlabelled: Tinnitus is a subjective acoustic perception in the absence of any external source. Symptoms associated with tinnitus are insomnia, lack of concentration, depression, anxiety and elevated levels of stress. There were many questionnaires to evaluate the severity of tinnitus, one such questionnaire is the Tinnitus Sample Case History Questionnaire (TSCHQ).

Investigating hematuria among young Indian adults using MDCT urography.

Hematuria may suggest bladder cancer, renal cell carcinoma, UUT-UCC, or urinary tract stones. Therefore, it is of interest to use Multi-Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) to determine the cause of hematuria in children and connect MDCT results with cystoscopic and histological findings. The study included 110 young people under 40 with microscopic or macroscopic hematuria.

Fibrinolysis and clinical outcomes in acute pulmonary embolism. Madras medical college pulmonary embolism (M-PER) registry from India.

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is the third most common cause of vascular death. Data on APE from India and other low-and middle-income countries is sparse.

Objectives: Study the clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, in-hospital mortality (IMH) and 12 months mortality of patients with APE in India.

Glomerulonephritis and Septic Pulmonary Embolism: A Rare but Life-Threatening Complication of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation.

Infection-related glomerulonephritis (IRGN) is an immunologically mediated glomerular injury triggered by an extrarenal infection. Infective endocarditis-associated glomerular nephritis is an entity caused by infection of the cardiac valves. IRGN is most common in children, and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is commonest in the age group of 2-14 years.

Beyond the Usual Suspects: Ethylene Glycol Poisoning Complicated by Rare Neurological Sequelae.

Ethylene glycol poisoning is a known clinical entity with established diagnostic and management protocols. However, instances presenting with rare neurological complications pose diagnostic challenges and necessitate prompt recognition and intervention. This report details the case of ethylene glycol poisoning in a 38-year-old male patient who initially presented with a history of brake oil consumption at his residence, followed by a delayed presentation with vomiting, abdominal pain, and reduced urine output, and subsequently developed unusual neurological sequelae, including unsteadiness, hearing difficulties, and an inability to close his eyes.

Bridging gaps: The urgent call for cardio-obstetrics as a subspecialty in India.

Cardiovascular disease complicates 1-4% of pregnancies. Women with heart disease going through pregnancy are on the increase. While global maternal deaths during pregnancy are decreasing, India remains a significant contributor to maternal deaths in the world.

Prevalence, predictors, and outcome of pulmonary mucormycosis in COVID-19 associated rhino orbital mucormycosis in a tertiary care center in South India.

Background And Purpose: India witnessed an explosive rise in mucormycosis following COVID-19 infection. Pulmonary mucormycosis closely followed rhino orbital mucormycosis as the most common presentation. The need for advanced resources and lack of clinical suspicion for COVID-19-associated pulmonary mucormycosis led to widespread underdiagnosis and poor response to late therapy.

Assessing the Effect of the Anti-tuberculosis Drug Rifampicin on Known Hypertensive Patients With Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Care Center.

Background Epidemiological evidence suggests an indirect link between hypertension and tuberculosis, and several studies have reported that rifampicin has potentially diminished the hypotensive effects of many anti-hypertensive agents by inducing cytochrome P450. This study investigates rifampicin's effect on the target blood pressure in known hypertensive patients whose blood pressure had been previously controlled with anti-hypertensive drugs. Methodology This prospective observational study was conducted at the Institute of Internal Medicine, Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, from June 2021 to December 2022.

A Case Series of Dengue Myocarditis: A Complication Observed in Dengue Patients.

Dengue is a prevalent arthropod-born viral disease with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from undifferentiated fever to a more severe form of the disease, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. However, atypical manifestations such as hepatic, neurological, cardiac, and kidney involvement are increasingly being reported, thus the term "expanded dengue syndrome". We report a series of cases with an atypical presentation of dengue fever marked by various cardiac manifestations, including cardiogenic shock secondary to myocardial involvement.

Sympathovagal Balance and Body Shape Index in Elite and Amateur Athletes: The Relationship Unraveled.

Background Heart rate variability (HRV) is one piece among a complex network of adaptations existent in athletes that help them gain a better understanding of their own physiology. Sympathovagal balance is one of the spectral components of HRV analysis and is used to assess the frequently changing oscillations of a healthy heart, which can help in gauging the response of cardiac function towards physiological stress during exercise. This index is extensively used in appraising cardiac autonomic modulation.

Prevalence and Auditory Characteristics of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder in Adult Population with Sensory Neural Hearing Loss: A Hospital Based Study in South India.

Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is a heterogenous group of disorder characterized by abnormalities in auditory brainstem responses (ABR) with preserved otoacoustic emissions and/or cochlear microphonics. The aim of the study is to estimate the prevalence and evaluate the audiological characteristics of ANSD in adult population with sensory neural hearing loss. A prospective study was conducted on the adult population (≥ 18 years) attending ENT outpatients clinic at Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai.

"Caring for the Uncared for": A Novel Initiative of Madras Medical College.

Background: Every society has persons with illness who do not have any family support. Taking care of such uncared-for patients requires a well-structured system providing medical, psychological, emotional, and rehabilitory support. The first ever rehabilitation ward among government hospitals in Tamil Nadu was created at Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital (RGGGH), Chennai with the motto of "Caring for the uncared for.

Hepatic Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor Mimicking Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms, and liver PEComas are extremely rare. They are usually discovered incidentally, and diagnostic pitfalls are frequent owing to similar imaging characteristics to other liver neoplasms. We present a patient whose evaluation was consistent with a right-sided hepatocellular carcinoma for which right hepatectomy was performed.

Ex Situ In Vivo Technique of Spleen-Preserving Splenic Hilar Lymph Node Dissection in Operable Proximal Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

D2 gastrectomy is the globally accepted standard surgical procedure for operable gastric cancer, and lymph node (LN) dissection is considered as the critical part of radical surgery and closely related to the prognosis. The splenic hilar LN (SHLN) or level 10 are to be removed during standard D2 total gastrectomy. In situ and ex situ spleen-preserving lymphadenectomies have been the most common dissection approaches for SHLNs.

Clinicopathological profile of myxoid soft tissue tumors- A retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital in South India.

Background: Myxoid soft tissue tumors are rare and diagnostically challenging group of tumors with varied biological behavior ranging from benign, locally aggressive to distantly metastasizing malignant tumors.

Aims: The objectives of the study are to identify the relative frequency and distribution of myxoid soft tissue tumors among patients in a tertiary care hospital and to study the clinicopathological features of these tumors. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in the department of pathology of a tertiary care hospital from January 2008 to December 2013.

and variants synergistically influence the atorvastatin treatment response in South Indian coronary artery disease patients.

Atorvastatin exhibits wide interindividual variability in treatment response, limiting the drug efficacy in coronary artery disease patients. To study the effect of genetic variants involved in atorvastatin transport/metabolism and correlate their lipid-lowering efficacy. Genotyping was performed using 5'-hydrolysis probe method (n = 412), and the study evaluated the treatment response in 86 patients.

Elevated Liver Enzymes along with Comorbidity Is a High Risk Factor for COVID-19 Mortality: A South Indian Study on 1,512 Patients.

Background And Aims: Liver enzyme abnormalities in coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) are being addressed in the literature. The predictive risk of elevated liver enzymes has not been established for COVID-19 mortality. In this study, we hypothesized that elevated liver enzymes at admission can predict the outcome of COVID-19 disease with other known indicators, such as comorbidities.

Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of Rectum: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare tumors of the gastrointestinal tract accounting for less than 1% of all gut tumors. GISTs occurring in the rectum are extremely rare and these usually present at an advanced stage compared with other sites. We report a case of a middle-aged female who presented with features of anemia and subacute obstruction due to a large rectal tumor and underwent abdominoperineal resection.

Profile of COVID-19 Patients at Zero Delay COVID-19 Ward, Tertiary Care Hospital in South India.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a worldwide public health crisis. During huge surge in COVID-19 cases, most of the patient arrived at Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai were severe due to late presentation and also available evidence demonstrating that the delay in treatment is directly associated with increased mortality or poor patient outcome. As an innovative concept of Zero Delay COVID-19 Ward were set up to provide the required critical care for all severe COVID-19 cases.

The Effect of Hypomagnesemia on Refractory Hypocalcemia after Total Thyroidectomy: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Hypomagnesemia is known to impede hypocalcemia correction. This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the impact of serum magnesium levels on the development of refractory hypocalcemia, which remains a concerning problem after total thyroidectomy (TT).

Subjects And Methods: Consecutive subjects ( = 312; mean age = 38.

Hemi-Fibular Grafting for Metacarpal Giant Cell Tumor - Surgical Technique.

Introduction: Giant cell tumor (GCT) of small bones of hand is no so uncommon, especially in the metacarpals. Considering the aggressive behavior in the metacarpals, en bloc resection is often required. Following resection, reconstruction techniques available include tricortical iliac grafting, vascularized or non-vascularized fibular grafting, or metatarsal grafting.