Scanning electron microscopic and energy dispersive spectrometric investigations on the effect of XeCl excimer laser on human dentin with smear layer.

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of XeCl excimer laser on smear layer covered dentine of extracted human teeth. Twenty-four freshly extracted human molar teeth were collected and randomly divided into one control group and three experimental groups of six teeth each (groups A-D). The teeth in the experimental groups were irradiated with XeCl 308-nm excimer laser at a fluence of 0.

Apical third instrumentation of curved canals with K-type and canal master instruments.

Forty acrylic blocks with curved canals were divided into two groups of 20 each. One group had canals with 30-degree curvature and the other with 45-degree curvature. Each group was divided into two subgroups of 10 blocks each.

Radiographic and metallographic evaluation of porosity defects and grain structure of cast chromium cobalt removable partial dentures.

A study was undertaken to determine the defects in the internal microstructure of clasps of cast chromium cobalt removable partial denture frameworks. Ninety cast frameworks were radiographically evaluated for porosity with an industrial radiographic machine. The grain structure of the clasps was analyzed with an optical photomicroscope before and after various heat treatments.

Bifid root and root canal in mandibular second premolar and its management--a case report.

Morphogically the mandibular second premolars present one root canal (97.5%). So far only a small percentage (2.