Comparison of measured with calculated amplitude of accommodation in Nigerian children aged six to 16 years.

Purpose: Amplitude of accommodation varies with race and ethnicity and Hofstetter's equations are commonly used in Nigeria to calculate expected amplitude of accommodation for clinical purposes. The aim of this study was to present normative values for amplitude of accommodation for Nigerian children and to compare the measured values with those calculated using Hofstetter's equations.

Methods: A total of 688 children aged six to 16 years from three selected cities in Nigeria were included in the study.

The possible mode of antitussive and expectorant activity of the ethanol seed extracts of ((Stapf) Th. & H. Durand).

It has been established that has antitussive effect. This study therefore aimed at determining the possible mode of antitussive and expectorant activity of an ethanolic seed extract of (PNE). The muco-suppressant, mast cell stabilization, and the anxiolytic effects of PNE were ascertained using ammonium chloride-induced phenol red secretion in BALB/c mice; compound 48/80-induced mesenteric mast cell degranulation assay; and the open field and the elevated plus maze models respectively.

Hypertension, an Emerging Problem in Rural Cameroon: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Control.

. Despite the increasing trends suggesting that hypertension is a growing public health problem in developing countries, studies on its prevalence, associated risk factors, and extent of blood pressure control have been inequitably done in urban and rural communities in these countries. We therefore aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension and extent of blood pressure control in rural Cameroon.

Protective Effects of on Carbon- Tetrachloride Induced Testicular Injury in Sprague Dawley Rats.

The high rate of male infertility and the meager resources to manage same in sub Saharan Africa have necessitated the search for cost effective and available alternatives. Mushrooms have been used traditionally in folk medicine and as nutraceuticals. This study has investigated the effect of the wild mushroom on carbon tetrachloride (CCl) deleterious effects on the reproductive system of male rats.

Anti-anaphylactic effects of (Thonn.) J. J. De Wilde extracts on rodent models of anaphylaxis.

Effects of petroleum ether and ethanolic extracts of stem bark (PEE and EAE) on compound 48/80-induced systemic and passive anaphylaxis were determined. Survival rate, extravasation, degranulation of mast cells, and secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured after pre-treatment with extracts (10-100 mg/kg) and disodium chromoglycate (2.5-250 μg/kg) and induction of anaphylaxis in C57BL/6 mice or Sprague-Dawley rats with compound 48/80.

Neonatal care - what do mothers in a rural Nigerian community know and practice?

Background: Nigeria ranks among developing countries with poor neonatal health indices. This underscores the need for households and healthcare providers to understand the concept of newborn care and react appropriately and timely too.

Objective: To determine the knowledge and practices of mothers in the Elele community regarding neonatal care.

Potential hazards of toxic metals found in toothpastes commonly used in Nigeria.

Background: Toothpastes have multi-functional configurations as oral care products. They can however constitute a pos- sible source, amongst others, of toxic metal exposure in public health. Indeed, the public health impact of personal hygiene and consumer products is largely unknown.

Promoting Fitness and Safety in Elementary Students: A Randomized Control Study of the Michigan Model for Health.

Background: In elementary grades, comprehensive health education curricula have demonstrated effectiveness in addressing singular health issues. The Michigan Model for Health (MMH) was implemented and evaluated to determine its impact on nutrition, physical fitness, and safety knowledge and skills.

Methods: Schools (N = 52) were randomly assigned to intervention and control conditions.

Evaluation of a Modified BOOST Tool in the Acute Care Setting: A Retrospective Analysis.

Several readmission risk prediction tools exist but have had varying success in identifying patients at risk for readmission. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness of a tool available within Project BOOST, Better Outcomes by Optimizing Safe Transitions, from the Society of Hospital Medicine. The tool was modified within the institution to include risk stratification scores in order to better identify the highest-risk patients.

Antitussive, expectorant and analgesic effects of the ethanol seed extract of Picralima nitida (Stapf) Th. & H. Durand.

Picralima nitida is used traditionally for management of cough. This study, therefore, investigated the antitussive, expectorant, and analgesic properties of the ethanolic seed extract of Picralima nitida (PNE), and ascertained its safety for use. Presence of secondary metabolites, and safety of PNE (10-2000 mg/kg) were evaluated by preliminary phytochemical screening, and by Irwin's test respectively.

Beltrami state in black-hole accretion disk: A magnetofluid approach.

Using the magnetofluid unification framework, we show that the accretion disk plasma (embedded in the background geometry of a black hole) can relax to a class of states known as the Beltrami-Bernoulli (BB) equilibria. Modeling the disk plasma as a Hall magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) system, we find that the space-time curvature can significantly alter the magnetic (velocity) decay rates as we move away from the compact object; the velocity profiles in BB states, for example, deviate substantially from the predicted corresponding geodesic velocity profiles. These departures imply a rich interplay of plasma dynamics and general relativity revealed by examining the corresponding Bernoulli condition representing "homogeneity" of total energy.

Assessment of an ethanolic seed extract of Picralima nitida ([Stapf] Th. and H. Durand) on reproductive hormones and its safety for use.

Background: Picralima nitida seed extract (PNE) has aphrodisiac and contraceptive effect.

Aim: To investigate the effect of PNE on reproductive hormones.

Materials And Methods: The size and length of the combs of white leghorn day-old chicks treated with testosterone (0.

Human health hazards of poly aromatic hydrocarbons in Nigerian smokeless tobacco.

Recently we investigated the heavy metal hazards of Nigerian smokeless tobacco products 'STP'. Since 'STPs' are advocated as safer alternatives to cigarets, the public health implication should be ascertained. This is a risk assessment of poly aromatic hydrocarbons 'PAHs' in 'STPs' used in Nigeria.

Evaluating an Educational Module on Home Inotrope Therapy.

Educating home health nurses presents significant challenges for nurse educators because of the vast geographical areas served and the types of patient cared for. The integration of technology into the home health care arena offers new and innovative opportunities to address the ongoing educational needs of nurses as required by accrediting bodies. This exploratory study evaluated a Web-based educational module on home inotrope therapy in regard to nurses' perceived knowledge and confidence.

Utilization of clinical practice guidelines: barriers and facilitators.

Clinical practice guidelines augment clinician decision making. Researchers cite a lack of knowledge of guideline existence, complexity of guidelines, staff attitude, lack of training, time and resource constraints as reasons for nonadherence. This project sought to understand factors that promote or prevent guideline implementation at the point of care.

Bee sting envenomation resulting in gross haematuria in an eight-year-old Nigerian male with sickle cell anaemia: A case report.

Gross haematuria is an unusual complication of Honey bee stings. Herein, we report a rare case of gross haematuria following multiple honeybees stings in an 8-year-old Nigerian child with sickle cell anaemia. The patient had evidence of massive intravascular haemolysis and was transfused with a unit of fresh whole blood.

Challenges to Recruitment of Urban African American Patients with Cancer Pain.

There are many assumptions about recruitment of African Americans to cancer studies. The population is often characterized as older, low income, with limited education, scarce resources, and distrust of the health care system. Support systems for African Americans are reported to be centered on family and church communities.

Honey Attenuates the Detrimental Effects of Nicotine on Testicular Functions in Nicotine Treated Wistar Rats.

Effect of honey on reproductive functions of male rats exposed to nicotine was examined in this study. Thirty-two adult male wistar rats (n=8/Group) were grouped as Control (distilled water), Nicotine (1.0mg/kg bwt), Honey (100mg/kg bwt) and Nicotine with Honey.

Transforming graduate nursing education in the context of complex adaptive systems: implications for master's and DNP curricula.

The purpose of this article is to describe the evolution and implementation of a graduate nursing program's curricular framework. A number of factors contributed to the realization that the curricular framework needed revision. These factors included the rapid changes occurring in the U.

Wound healing effect of methanolic leaf extract of Napoleona vogelii (Family: Lecythidaceae) in rats.

Objective: To investigate the wound healing property of Napoleona vogelii leaf extract in folkloric medicine.

Methods: Both sexes of adult albino rats (n=25) were used in this study and another group (n=30) were subjected to acute toxicity test (LD50) of the plant extract. For the LD50, three randomized groups of 5 rats were first treated with 10, 100, 1 000 mg/kg body weight (bw), orally.

Accuracy of subjective assessment of fever by Nigerian mothers in under-5 children.

Background: Many mothers still rely on palpation to determine if their children have fever at home before deciding to seek medical attention or administer self-medications. This study was carried out to determine the accuracy of subjective assessment of fever by Nigerian mothers in Under-5 Children.

Patients And Methods: Each eligible child had a tactile assessment of fever by the mother after which the axillary temperature was measured.

Sexual dimorphism in ratio of second and fourth digits and its relationship with metabolic syndrome indices and cardiovascular risk factors.

Background: Ratio of second and fourth digit (2D:4D) is known to be germane in analyzing utero concentrations of testosterone and estrogen in human and other vertebrates. 2D:4D had been linked to several traits like athletes' abilities, reproductive success, risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of several cardiovascular risk factors.

Mitochondrial DNA preservation across 3000-year-old northern fur seal ribs is not related to bone density: Implications for forensic investigations.

While recent forensic research has focused on determining which skeletal elements are superior in their preservation of DNA over the long term, little focus has been placed on measuring intra-element variation. Moreover, there is a general belief that dense (cortical) bone material will contain better-preserved DNA than does spongy (cancellous) bone. To address these ideas, quantitative PCR was used to estimate the degree of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) preservation variance across sections of 19 northern fur seal ribs (Callorhinus ursinus) that date to ∼3000 years before present.

The impact of a nurse practitioner rapid response team on systemic inflammatory response syndrome outcomes.

Background: Early recognition of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) can significantly alter outcomes such as mortality, unplanned intensive care unit admissions, and cost.

Purpose: Through utilization of a nurse practitioner rapid response team (NP-RRT) and a revised database query, earlier identification of SIRS patients and consistent implementation of early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) on the medical-surgical units would positively impact SIRS outcomes.

Method: A database query that indicated when patients had 2 or more of the SIRS criteria and anion gap acidosis was initiated.