Pelvic Girdle Pain in Pregnancy: A Review.

Importance: Pelvic girdle pain is often thought to be a recent phenomenon, but this condition was described as early as 400 BC by Hippocrates. Despite being identified for years, confusion continues about the definition and management of this ailment affecting many pregnancies.

Objective: The purpose of the review is to assess the incidence, etiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, management, and pregnancy outcomes/recovery of current pregnancies, and outcomes of future pregnancies complicated by pelvic girdle pain.

Cohesin complex-associated holoprosencephaly.

Marked by incomplete division of the embryonic forebrain, holoprosencephaly is one of the most common human developmental disorders. Despite decades of phenotype-driven research, 80-90% of aneuploidy-negative holoprosencephaly individuals with a probable genetic aetiology do not have a genetic diagnosis. Here we report holoprosencephaly associated with variants in the two X-linked cohesin complex genes, STAG2 and SMC1A, with loss-of-function variants in 10 individuals and a missense variant in one.

Caffeine to optimize cognitive function for military mission-readiness: a systematic review and recommendations for the field.

Context: In 2001 the Institute of Medicine (IOM) released a report on the use of caffeine during sustained military operations in which recommendations for research and practice were made.

Objective: This systematic review serves as an update on the current quality of the evidence and addresses gaps in the current literature surrounding the effects of caffeinated foods and beverages on cognitive functioning in healthy adult populations exposed to military-like moderators.

Data Sources: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Library were searched.

A case of refeeding syndrome in a marine recruit.

Refeeding syndrome is an under-recognized complication of starvation. Presented is a 26-year-old Marine recruit who was found to have hypothermia, mental status changes, and rhabdomyolysis after purposeful weight loss with calorie restriction in conjunction with an arduous exercise program. With rest and food, the patient developed refeeding syndrome, with hypophosphatemia requiring prolonged intravenous replacement.

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole induced multiorgan dysfunction.

A 22-year-old African-American man with AIDS who had recently started on trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole daily for pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis presented with an altered mental state, malaise and nausea was found to have hepatitis, pancreatitis, rhabdomyolitis, acute kidney injury and haemolytic anaemia. Cessation of Bactrim and supportive care with volume expansion resolved his clinical symptoms and laboratory abnormalities.

Cuboid stress fracture. A case report.

Because a stress fracture is rare and easily missed on an x-ray, it might go undetected. If a patient presents with an activity related injury to the midfoot and x-rays are negative, a computed tomography scan can be helpful in diagnosing a cuboid stress fracture. Also, computed tomography scans graphically show the fracture location and size, in addition to tracking progressive bone changes during the healing process.