Open ventilator evaluation framework: A synthesized database of regulatory requirements and technical standards for emergency use ventilators from Australia, Canada, UK, and US.

Development of emergency use ventilators has attracted significant attention and resources during the COVID-19 pandemic. To facilitate mass collaboration and accelerate progress, many groups have adopted open-source development models, inspired by the long history of open-source development in software. According to the Open-source Hardware Association (OSHWA), Open-source Hardware (OSH) is a term for tangible artifacts - machines, devices, or other physical things - whose design has been released to the public in such a way that anyone can make, modify, and use them.

Examining the Appropriateness and Motivations Behind Low-Acuity Pediatric Emergency Department Visits.

Objectives: High patient volumes have a deleterious effect on care in the pediatric emergency department (PED). Our study assessed the motivation for PED visits that could have been assessed by a primary care physician.

Methods: We identified a convenience sample of patients presenting to the SickKids Hospital PED in June and July 2011 with a Paediatric Canadian Triage and Acuity Score 4 or 5.

Preeclampsia biomarkers: An assessment of maternal cardiometabolic health.

Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy condition defined as new-onset hypertension and proteinuria, commonly characterized as either early, 'placental', or late onset, 'maternal', using a cut-off of 34 weeks gestation. However, it may be more useful to differentiate between the vascular remodelling and placental invasion vs. inflammation and metabolic pathophysiology that underlie these forms of preeclampsia.

MicroRNA-218-5p Promotes Endovascular Trophoblast Differentiation and Spiral Artery Remodeling.

Preeclampsia (PE) is the leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Defects in trophoblast invasion, differentiation of endovascular extravillous trophoblasts (enEVTs), and spiral artery remodeling are key factors in PE development. There are no markers clinically available to predict PE, leaving expedited delivery as the only effective therapy.