Damage Control Surgery in the Era of Globalization of Health Care - Military and International Outcomes: A SystematicReview.

Introduction: Damage Control Surgery (DCS) is a surgical technique used to manage critically ill and injured patients. This study examines the most recent 10-y outcomes related to DCS, with the secondary goal of scrutinizing the outcomes after DCS across surgical theaters.

Methods: Studies published between 2012 and 2021 that described adult patients undergoing Abdominal DCS after traumatic injury were included.

Adjusting for principal components can induce collider bias in genome-wide association studies.

Principal component analysis (PCA) is widely used to control for population structure in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Top principal components (PCs) typically reflect population structure, but challenges arise in deciding how many PCs are needed and ensuring that PCs do not capture other artifacts such as regions with atypical linkage disequilibrium (LD). In response to the latter, many groups suggest performing LD pruning or excluding known high LD regions prior to PCA.

Deciphering the enigma of human-lion coexistence in India.

Asiatic lions (Panthera leo leo) have increased in range and abundance in densely populated India, a rare example of coexistence between humans and large carnivores. We sought to determine the underlying mechanisms of this coexistence and to infer lessons that could help conserve carnivores in multiuse landscapes, globally. Using data collected from 2012 to 2017 from conflict-compensation records, we studied the spatiotemporal trends in human-lion conflict across the lion's range in India.

Creating constellations of coexistence through connections between people in human-wildlife conflict areas.

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) is a critical challenge to human development and well-being and threatens biodiversity conservation. Ideally, HWC mitigation should benefit both wildlife and communities and limit the costs associated with living alongside wildlife. However, place- and context-dependent realizations of conflict are often overlooked in HWC mitigation.

Comparing freshwater mussel responses to stress using life-history and Dynamic Energy Budget theory.

Freshwater mussels are experiencing severe population declines, affecting their critical role in freshwater ecosystems. A thorough assessment of threats posed by various stressors is needed; however, the large number of species to be considered and significant data gaps, especially for listed species, hinder the process. We combined a traits-based approach to represent multiple species grouped into three life-history categories - Equilibrium, Opportunistic, and Periodic - with the Dynamic Energy Budget modeling principles to capture the physiological mechanisms driving individual-level responses.

Integrating systems of power and privilege in the study of resilience.

Although current approaches to the study of resilience acknowledge the role of context, rarely do those conceptualizations attend to societal systems and structures that include hierarchies of power and privilege-namely systems of racism, colonialism, patriarchy, and capitalism-nor do they articulate how these structural realities are embedded within individual experiences. We offer critiques of the current literature from this structural lens, using the concept of master narratives to articulate the incomplete and, at times, damaging story that the discipline of psychology has told about resilience. We then provide three models that center history, systems, and structures of society that can be employed in the study of resilience.

Overcoming human exceptionalism: The role of ethical nature-culture relations in the developmental contexts of indigenous children.

Indigenous populations, including American Indians, Alaska Natives, First Nations, and other first peoples worldwide, have been largely overlooked in child development research. This commentary examines how Indigenous relationality intersects with developmental science, advocating for a shift from human exceptionalism to an interconnected relationality among people, land, and more-than-human beings. Drawing from diverse Indigenous knowledge and practices, The Six Pillars to Advance Indigenous Relationality among Children provides frameworks for integrating Indigenous worldviews emphasizing interconnected responsibilities and sustainability.

Hydrogel Applications in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a common malignant neurological tumor, has boundaries indistinguishable from those of normal tissue, making complete surgical removal ineffective. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) further impedes the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, leading to suboptimal treatment outcomes and a heightened probability of recurrence. Hydrogels offer multiple advantages for GBM diagnosis and treatment, including overcoming the BBB for improved drug delivery, controlled drug release for long-term efficacy, and enhanced relaxation properties of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents.

Different features for different races: Tracking the eyes of Asian, Black, and White participants viewing Asian, Black, and White Faces.

The own-race bias (ORB) is an effect in which humans remember faces from their own race better than faces from another race. Where people look when processing faces of different races plays a role in this effect, but the exact relationship between looking and the ORB is debated. One perspective is that the same facial features are important for memory for faces of all races and the ORB emerges when people look longer at the useful features for own- than other-race faces.

A Metabolomics Approach to Identify Metabolites Associated With Mortality in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis.

Introduction: Uremic toxins contributing to increased risk of death remain largely unknown. We used untargeted metabolomics to identify plasma metabolites associated with mortality in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis.

Methods: We measured metabolites in serum samples from 522 Longitudinal US/Canada Incident Dialysis (LUCID) study participants.

Computational Modeling of the Conformation-Dependent Atmospheric Reactivity of Criegee Intermediates.

The impacts of Criegee intermediates (CIs) on atmospheric chemistry depend significantly on the CI conformation. In this Perspective, I highlight examples of how electronic structure and statistical rate theory calculations, in conjunction with experiment, have revealed conformation-dependent details of both CI ground-state reactivity and electronic excitation. Calculations using single-reference electronic structure methods and conventional transition state theory have predicted that CIs with -alkyl or -vinyl substituents isomerize rapidly to vinyl hydroperoxides (VHPs) or dioxoles, both of which can decompose rapidly under atmospheric conditions.

Maternal depression and early childhood development among children aged 24-59 months: the mediating effect of responsive caregiving.

This study examined whether maternal depression is related to Early Childhood Developmental (ECD) delay among children by quantifying the mediating contribution of responsive caregiving. We used data from 1235 children (Children's mean age = 50.4 months; 582 girls, 653 boys, 93.

Identification of Key Toxic Substances Considering Metabolic Activation: A Combination of Transcriptome and Nontarget Analysis.

There have been numerous studies using effect-directed analysis (EDA) to identify key toxic substances present in source and drinking water, but none of these studies have considered the effects of metabolic activation. This study developed a comprehensive method including a pretreatment process based on an in vitro metabolic activation system, a comprehensive biological effect evaluation based on concentration-dependent transcriptome (CDT), and a chemical feature identification based on nontarget chemical analysis (NTA), to evaluate the changes in the toxic effects and differences in the chemical composition after metabolism. Models for matching metabolites and precursors as well as data-driven identification methods were further constructed to identify toxic metabolites and key toxic precursor substances in drinking water samples from the Yangtze River.

Recruitment of magnitude representations to understand graded words.

Language understanding and mathematics understanding are two fundamental forms of human thinking. Prior research has largely focused on the question of how language shapes mathematical thinking. The current study considers the converse question.

"Trying to remain calm…but I do reach my limit sometimes": An exploration of the meaning of gentle parenting.

Raising young children has always been hard, but evidence suggests that it may be getting harder. The isolation of the pandemic, the pressures to fulfill exacting parenting standards, and the explosion of "expert" parenting advice on social media have fueled the rise of "gentle parenting," an approach that pivots away from older, discipline-heavy parenting typologies and which promises the development of happier, healthier children. Despite the popularity of gentle parenting, it has received no empirical scrutiny.

Bisphosphonium Benzene Diimides.

The incorporation of cationic groups onto electron-poor compounds is a viable strategy for achieving potent electron acceptors, as evidenced by reports of air-stable radical forms of large aromatic diimides such as naphthalene and perylene diimides. These ions have also been observed to exhibit anion-π interaction tendencies of interest in molecular recognition applications. The benefits of phosphonium incorporation, however, have not yet been extended to the smallest benzene diimides.

Synthesis and characterization of 1,2,3,4-naphthalene and anthracene diimides.

We report the synthesis and characterization of naphthalene and anthracene scaffolds end-capped by cyclic imides. The solid-state structures of the -phenyl derivatives, determined by X-ray crystallography, reveal changes in packing preference based on the number of aromatic rings in the core. The optical and electronic properties of the title compounds compare favorably with other previously described isomers and expand the toolbox of electron-deficient aromatic compounds available to organic materials chemists.

Truth and reconciliation for whom? Transitional justice for Indigenous peoples in American psychology.

In October 2021, the American Psychological Association apologized to people of color in the United States for its role in systemic racism. Spurred by a national racial reckoning, Indigenous Peoples have been regularly incorporated into initiatives redressing America's legacy of racism. Although Indigenous Peoples have been racialized during the formation of the United States, this process is intertwined with colonization-the systematic dispossession and exploitation of Indigenous communities by Europeans.

Composition of soil assemblages across ecological drivers parallels that of nodule assemblages in ssp. in interior Alaska.

In root nodule symbioses (RNS) between nitrogen (N)-fixing bacteria and plants, bacterial symbionts cycle between nodule-inhabiting and soil-inhabiting niches that exert differential selection pressures on bacterial traits. Little is known about how the resulting evolutionary tension between host plants and symbiotic bacteria structures naturally occurring bacterial assemblages in soils. We used DNA cloning to examine soil-dwelling assemblages of the actinorhizal symbiont in sites with long-term stable assemblages in ssp.

Therapeutic itineraries of snakebite victims and antivenom access in southern Mexico.

Access to antivenoms in cases of snakebite continues to be an important public health issue around the world, especially in rural areas with poorly developed health care systems. This study aims to evaluate therapeutic itineraries and antivenom accessibility following snakebites in the states of Oaxaca and Chiapas in southern Mexico. Employing an intercultural health approach that seeks to understand and bridge allopathic and traditional medical perceptions and practices, we conducted field interviews with 47 snakebite victims, documenting the therapeutic itineraries of 54 separate snakebite incidents that occurred between 1977 and 2023.